DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO

COMPUTER COMMUNICATION & NETWORKING
(6th Semester, 3rd Year) LAB EXPERIMENT # 1/1

Name: _____________Shayan Fatima____________________ Roll No: ___18TL06____

Score: ____________Signature of the Lab Tutor: _______________ Date: ___________

________________________________________________________________________

TRANSMISSIOM MEDIA & CONNECTORS

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE
Upon successful completion this experiment, the student will be able to:

(i) Familiar with the different connectors & transmission media

(ii) Making of RJ- 45 connector (wiring standard)

TEST RESULTS

(i) Try to make your own straight-through and crossover cable

 DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
COMPUTER COMMUNICATION & NETWORKING
(6th Semester, 3rd Year) LAB EXPERIMENT # 1/2

REVIEW QUESTIONS

Question: 01. What do you mean by straight-through and crossover cable?

Answer: Ethernet cables can be wired as straight through or crossover. The straight
through is the most common type and is used to connect computers to hubs or switches
whereas, Crossover cable is more commonly used to connect a computer to a computer.
1. Straight Through: A straight through cable is a type of twisted pair cable with RJ-
45 connectors at each that is used in local area networks to connect a computer
to a network hub such as a router. This type of cable is also sometimes called a
patch cable and is an alternative to wireless connections where one or more
computers access a router through a wireless signal. On a straight through cable,
the wired pins match. Straight through cable use one wiring standard: both ends
use T568A wiring standard or both ends use T568B wiring standard.
2. Crossover Cable: An Ethernet crossover cable is a type of Ethernet cable used to
connect computing devices together directly. Unlike straight through cable,
crossover cables use two different wiring standards: one end uses the T568A
wiring standard, and the other end uses the T568B wiring standard. The internal
wiring of Ethernet crossover cables reverses the transmit and receive signals. It is
most often used to connect two devices of the same type: e.g. two computers
(via network interface controller) or two switches to each other.

Question: 02. Why pair of wire in UTP cable are twisted with each other?
Answer: The pairs are twisted to provide protection against crosstalk, the noise
generated by adjacent pairs. When electrical current flows through a wire, it creates a
small, circular magnetic field around the wire. When two wires in an electrical circuit are
 DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
COMPUTER COMMUNICATION & NETWORKING
(6th Semester, 3rd Year) LAB EXPERIMENT # 1/3

placed close together, their magnetic fields are the exact opposite of each other. Thus,
the two magnetic fields cancel each other out. They also cancel out any outside
magnetic fields.

Question: 03. Why Optical fiber cable is widely used for backbone?
Answer: Fiber offers several advantages for LAN backbones. The biggest advantage of
optical fiber is the fact it can transport more information longer distances in less time
than any other communications medium. In addition, it is unaffected by the
interference of electromagnetic radiation which makes it possible to transmit
information and data through areas with too much interference for copper wiring with
less noise and less error.

Question: 04. What do you mean by THINNET and THICKNET?

Answer:
THINNET
Thicknet, also known as Thick Ethernet or
10Base5, where 10 means 10Mbps speed.
Base means baseband and 5 denotes 500-
meter max.
Thicknet uses a type of coaxial cable known
as Radio Grade 8
Thicknet cable is expensive and difficult to
work with. If a Thicknet cable breaks, data
transfer to the whole network stops
Is now replaced by unshielded twisted-pair
(UTP) cabling.
THICKNET
Thinnet, also known as Thin Ethernet or
10Base2, where 2 denotes 200 m max
distance between two nodes or repeaters.
Thinnet uses a thinner type of coaxial cable
known as Radio Grade 58
Thinnet is cheaper and easier to work with,
but also requires termination and any break
brings the entire network to a halt.
Thinnet is still used in electrically noisy
environments like motors, generators, and
other heavy equipment that can disrupt
communication if UTP is used.