Iligan City East National High School-Sta.

Filomena

21st Century Literature

Quarter 2 week 1

Antonio N. Legaspi

EMELYN Q. ABILLAR GRADE 12 ABM A

LESSON3. PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN THE AMERICAN PERIOD

What I Know
Activity1. Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer. Write the letter of your answer on the blank
before the number.

C 1. Leads the modernization of poetry.

a. Zoilo Galang c. Jose Garcia Villa

b. Paz Marquez Benitez d. Wilfredo Ma. Guerrero
B 2. The first Philippine novel in English.

a. Have Come, Am Here b. A Child of Sorrow

b. Sons For Sale d. Dead Stars
D 3. The first successful Philippine short story in English.

a. Have Come, Am Here b. A Child of Sorrow

b. Sons For Sale d. Dead Stars
D 4.A prolific writer who wrote100 plays and helped the Philippine theater scene reached
new heights.

a. Zoilo Galang c. Jose Garcia Villa

b. Paz Marquez Benitez d. Wilfredo Ma. Guerrero
B 5. The first Philippine book of essays in English.

a. Stealer of hearts c. Condemned

b. Life and Success d. Souls in Torment

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What’s In
Activity2. Identify and encircle horizontally, vertically and/or diagonally the words discussed in
the previous lesson.

E I A N N S O L O M O B A

I N L A G I N G H A N A D

Z G O I N N G S D U P L O

E E N D L A P L A Y S A B

N L Z A T K A M A N A G O

H E Z L O U M A M I T T A

O I N D O L E N C E P A L

R O S E L O B R I G H S T

W I N N E K O M E D Y A S

E P H R A I M O M M Y N R

A D N I L A S O R C A N E

What’s New
Activity3. Guess what are the forms of literature did we have during the American
period by putting a check () beside the word and x if you think it was not
done.

1. Poetry

2. Novels

3. Essays

4. News Reports

5. Short Stories


Process Questions

Activity4. Based on the given drama, answer the following questions briefly:

1. What conflicts are confronted by Pablo in this excerpt? Are his internal struggles
more difficult than his clashes with the other characters?

The conflicts confronted by Pablo are; Pablo and his mother and Pablo and his fate (which is his
death). Pablo condemned a penalty because he killed a person who tried to rape Christina. Because of
his endless love for Christina, Father Lim agreed to give a Holy Matrimony to the lovers with two
witnesses, who are Tia Chadeng and Andres.

Yes, his internal struggle/conflict is more difficult than his clashes with the other characters
because his internal struggle is his fear of intimacy or abandonment by his mother.

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 2. How would you describe Pablo’s relationship with the three women in this excerpt?
To whom is the closest?

Tia Chang is the auntie Pablo and became his second mother after the death of his Father. Tia
Chadeng showed her motherly care to Pablo, she tried everything to save Pablo from that chair but
she failed.

Pablo is really in love with Christina because she is the only one who changed and cleansed the mind
and soul of Pablo from being a disastrous man, a heart polluted with a petty desire, stealing, and
gambling. But, Christina is also deeply in love with Pablo to the point that she wants to married Pablo
before Pablo passes away.

Christina was the closest to Pablo.

Angela Gonzalez the real mother of Pablo. Pablo was badly mad at his mother for choosing Marco
Nable over him. Angela tried to be forgiven for all of her done to Pablo, for not choosing him and
raised him for many years. And Pablo layup blame to his mother for why she condemned him to the
death penalty for letting Pablo live a world without faith, without anchor, and without dreams. And
for being failed to be a mother to son.

3. Is Pablo a dynamic character in this excerpt? Does his character experience

significant change by the end of the play? Explain.

Yes, Pablo is a dynamic character. At the end of the story, at the last moment, he called for his loved
ones including his mother, Angela. He finally forgives his mother even if she abandons him in the first
place.

4. How would you evaluate Guerrero’s use of the English language in this play? Can
we consider “Condemned” to be a testament of Filipino’s mastery of the language?
Justify your claim by citing details from the excerpt of the drama.

What I Have Learned

Activity5. Answer the following questions by choosing the letter only.

Write it on the space provided before the number.

B 1. Who was Cristina in Pablo’s life?

a. mother b. fiancée c. wife d. sister

A 2. Why did Pablo hate his mother?

a. His mother loved gambling than him.

b. His mother left his father.
c. His mother abandoned him.
d. His mother did not teach him right attitude.
B 3. Did Pablo get angry with Tia Chadeng when he learned that she did

not tell the true reason of his mother’s gambling.

a. YES b. NO (explain your answer)

A 4. Based on how the story was presented, did Pablo forgive his mother?

a. YES b. NO (explain your answer)

D 5. Based on how the story was presented, what was the ending of the

story?

a. Angela will be back to Marcos Nable.

b. Angela will be angry with Tia Cheding.
c. Angela and Tia Cheding will friends again.
d. Angela will take care of Cristina.
What I Can Do
Activity6. State whether you “Agree” or Disagree” to the following questions by
justifying your claim.

1. If you were about to be married to a person who is sentenced to death, will you still
push through the marriage before his/her death? Why?

No, marriage is a lifelong commitment that should not be made in haste. It's a celebration of the
union of two souls and it should be based on personal choice, not dictated by society or one's
parents, or anybody else.

2. Is it right to blame anybody of the plight/condition you have in the future? Why?

It depends upon the situation. There are people that the most painful experience they had in life
that makes them a bad guy, a bad person for not achieving their goals in life, from those who fail
will blame it to anybody. But for me, it's a no because you handle your own life, your fate, and your
future. Your actions and good deeds will also bring you a better future.

Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer. Write the letter of your

answer on the blank before the number.

D 1. In the story, “Condemned” what qualities did Pablo want for his mother.

a. A mother who would love him.

b. A mother would discipline him.
c. A mother who would not mind him.
d. Both a and b
C 2. Pablo grew up with undesirable traits because

a. He has everything he wanted

b. He was tolerated by Tia Chedeng.
c. He lacked his mother’s love.
d. He was very poor.
D 3. Cristina wanted to marry Pablo before his death because

a. She has no one to turn to.

b. Pablo’s mother was rich.
c. Pablo has wealth to leave her.
d. She loved Pablo very much.

C 4.Whom did Pablo blame his life sentence?

a. The man who attempted to rape Cristina.

b. Cristina who walked alone that night.
c. His mother who left him since 10 years old.
d. Tia Chadeng for always understanding him.
B 5.Who has the greatest love for Pablo.

a. His mother Angela.

b. His fiancée Cristina
c. His Aunt Tia Chadeng
d. His priest friend.
C 6.Who was condemned in the play, “Condemned”

a. Angela.
b. Cristina
c. Pablo
d. All of the above

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LESSSON4. PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN THE JAPANESE
PERIOD
What I Know
Activity1. Read the following questions carefully. Then choose your answers from these
words.

HAIKU TANAGA ISHIWARA LIWAYWAY TRIBUNE

TRIBUNE 1. One of the two newspapers which were not stopped to operate

during the Japanese period.

LIWAYWAY 2. A weekly magazine which was under surveillance until it was

managed by a Japanese.

ISHIWARA 3. A Japanese who managed the weekly magazine who gave a

break to Filipino literature.

HAIKU 4. A free verse poem in 17 syllables, divided into three lines.

TANAGA 5. A free verse poem on which each line has 17 syllables.

What’s In
Activity2. Fill in the squares to form the different genres or composition our Filipino
writers have developed during the American period.

D
P
R
C O N D E M N E D
A
M E E
S
A T N
S H O R T S T O R I E S
A
Y V
Y
E
L

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 What’s new

Activity3. This time we will study the Philippine literature during the Japanese
Period and its contributions to our literature.
Try to analyze this:

1. You’re pulling a saber

The flowers shivered
When you approached.

How many lines are in the poem? 3 lines

How many syllables are there in each line? _  (6, 5, 4)___

2. He’s a behaved palay

Who bowed when the wind blew?
But stood up again
And bore gold.

How many lines are there in the poem above? 4 lines

How many syllables are there in the poem? _20_

Which is a Haiku? Tanaga?

Process Questions:

Activity4. In 3 to 5 sentences, answer the following questions:

1. Describe the poem’s handling of Standard English grammar-punctuation, capitalization, and

sentence/phrase structure. What effect do liberties of the poem have on the message that it
imparts?

2. Why does the poem allude to Icarus and Daedalus? What is the story of these figures of
Greek mythology, and what does this story have to do with the poem.

Bradbury's allusion to the story of Daedalus and Icarus represents the connection to Montag
and his dangerous longing for more freedom and knowledge. Daedulus warned him not to go
too near to the sun, but Icarus went ahead and did so anyway, melting the wax on his wings
so that he plunged into the sea and drowned.

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3. What persona is being invoked by this poem? Who or what could be the voice that unfolds
each line of the poem.

The poem entitled Icarus in Catechism Class by Dominador I. Ilio was base on the story “Myth of
Icarus”. Wherein Icarus is the son of Daedalus, who attempts to escape prison at the hands of
King Minos. It talks about Icarus's father making a wax feather for them to use to escape from
the labyrinth.

What I Have Learned

Activity5. Compare and contrast Ilio’s use of the English language with Guerrero’s
handling of English in “Condemned”. As suggested by “Icarus,” to what extent have our
writers embraced the English language during the post-war period? Rubrics are found on the
last page of this lesson.

What I Can Do

Activity6. Be a Poet! Get inspired with the poem. Compose a free verse poem in ten
lines, which expresses a specific emotion, too.

I am in awe of how big your heart is

That you get to keep me around for so long

You are glorious in all your ways

Your kindness and love keep me going

So great you are to have lived so wonderfully

Not numbering the days but treasuring moments

Tucking me in your comfort and compassion

You take me on the brightest journey

I am forever in awe of your beauty

Mom, how can I ever thank you enough

LESSON5. PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN THE LATE 20TH CENTURY
What I Know
Activity1. List down five (5) Filipino food you love to eat. Describe why you love
that food. Use the chart below.

Food Reason/s

1. LECHON KAWALI I like it best when the pork just got out
of the pot. It is super crispy and hot.

2. ADOBO Adobo is omnipresent in picnics,

reunions and long trips because it has a long
shelf – life.

3. BULALO These bones contain marrows, which

makes this dish very likeable.

4. LECHE FLAN This is simply heavenly.

5. LUMPIA Packed in each roll is a flavorful meaty

center that remains juicy despite the crispy
outside, a textural contrast that makes a
satisfying crunch with every bite.

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What is It
Activity2. Based on the essay you have read, answer the following questions
succinctly:

1. What particular season does the essay focus on? Have you tried any of the seasonal foods
mentioned in the essay? If so, which ones?

Christmas is the season the essay focus on; yes, I’ve tried seasonal food mentioned in the essay one of
that food is puto bumbong. It is neither sticky nor dry and crumbly, but soft, moist, and with a fine,
uniform grain.

2. Describe the author’s style of writing. What techniques make her portrayal of food effective?

One that can describe "readers' relationships with, texts, the grammatical choices writers make, the
importance of adhering to norms in certain contexts and deviating from them in others, the
expression of social identity, and the emotional effects of particular devices on audiences.

3. Name other occasions in our country that also feature a seasonal set of food. Why do you
think Filipinos favor specific food for specific seasons?

Lechon is one of the most popular dishes in Filipino food culture. It brightens every feast of every
household, commonly served during occasions, such as birthdays, fiesta, anniversaries, holidays, and
other celebrations.

What’s More
Activity3. Comment on the essay’s historical dimension. What information does the essay give
about our countries past colonizers? Write your answer in the space provided.

Begin Here:

Comment 1 Comment 2

People connect to their cultural or ethnic group
through similar food patterns. Immigrants often
use food as a means of retaining their cultural
identity. People from different cultural
backgrounds eat different foods. These food
preferences result in patterns of food choices
within a cultural or regional group.
Food shaped the way Filipinos live. Aside from
the food itself, there are priceless memories
shared with whoever they're with, which
makes it more special. Food glues foreigners,
friends, and the whole family together.

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What I Have Learned
Activity4. Complete the statement below in the “Worth Remembering Note.” Write your answer
on the space provided.
WRN: I learn that…

First, Philippine literature introduces real-life situations within the experiential background of the youth
to the featured literary pieces. This is bringing us into such issues as environmental awareness, peace
education, and others.

Second, Filipino poetry during the Japanese period common theme of most poems during the Japanese
occupation was nationalism, country, love, and life in the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts. The field
of the short story widened during the Japanese occupation.

Lastly, In essence, the study of Philippine literature in English aids us in historicizing texts. Furthermore,
it also allows us to think of the extent of American influence through the use of their language.

What I Can Do

Activity5. Complete the table below by interviewing any of your family member.

Family Members Preferred Food/s Reason/s

Father non non

Mother Adobo This allows for more flexibility in

your diet which translates to
better results and tremendous
health benefits.

Brother non non

Sister non non

Others Lechon It brightens every feast of every

household, commonly served
during occasions such as
birthdays, fiesta, anniversaries,
holidays, and other celebrations.

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Assessment

Do it here:

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