EMELYN Q.

ABILLAR GRADE 12 ABM-A

21st Century Literature from the Philippines

and the World
Quarter 1
Philippine Literary History
What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following deals with ideas, thoughts, and emotions of man. It is said to
be the story of man?

a. literature b. history c. generation d. tragedy

2. Which deals with the life of a person which may be about himself, his
autobiography or that of others?

a. interview b. biography c. anecdote d. play

3. Which lyric poem has 14 lines dealing with an emotions, a feeling, or idea?

a. ballad b. sonnet c. psalm d. awit

4. Which is an example of Corridos (Kuridos)?

a. Florante at Laura b. Ibong Adarna c. The Lover’s Death d. Chit-Chirit-Chit

5. Which lyrical poetry refers to a noble feeling expressed with dignity, with no definite
number of syllables or definite lines in a stanza?

a. ode b. folksongs c. psalm d. elegy

6. Which Latin word of “literature” is derived?

a. literus b. litera c. literature d. literia

7. Which is written by Carlos Bulosan?

a. Without Seeing the Dawn c. The Laughter of My Father

b. El Filibusterismo d. Thirteen Plays

8. “The Moth and the Lamp” is an example of which genre?

a. anecdote b. essay c. biography d. oration

9. Who is the prince of Philippine Literature?

a. Francisco Balagtas c. Ricaredo Dementillo

b. Francisco Baltazar d. Wilfredo M. Guerrero

10. An example of a Bikolano folksong.

a. Pamulinawen c. Manang Biday

b. Inday, Inday sa balitaw d. Sarong banggui

 LESSON 1 PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN THE PRE-COLONIAL
PERIOD

What I Know
Activity 1. Have you heard of the following selections below? Try identifying their literary
forms.

1. Biag ni Lam-ang Epic

2. Taga Ilog ! –Tagailog Legend

3. The moon and the Sun Folk tale

4. The Monkey and the Turtle Fable

5. Kundiman Folk song

What’s In

Activity 2. Identify the following statements as True or False. Write your answer
on the space provided at the end of every statement.

1. Folktales about Juan are very popular. Some emphasize certain virtues, and
some serve as warning about behavior. TRUE
2. “Biag ni Lam-ang” is an Ilocano epic that tells about the adventures of Lam-
ang, a man with supernatural powers. TRUE
3. The monkey is a common animal character in Philippine fables. It is often
depicted as a tricky animal. TRUE

4. There are different Filipino legends of the great flood. The story of Bukidnon
tells that a huge crab caused the water to rise by going into the sea. TRUE

5. There are Philippine versions of the creation myth. The Igorot’s story tells
that Lumawig the Great Spirit created people. TRUE

Activity 3. Identify the literary forms.

1. It is better to have a hut

Inhabited by a person

Than a mansion

Wherein an owl lives = PROVERBS

2. Go to sleep, my child
Your father is far He cannot
fetch us
For the way is muddy and rugged = LULLABIES

3. Skin and bone flying, = RIDDLE

 4. Let’s sing and feast

For two hearts who are to be married the

path they’ll pass

Let’s strew the rice.= IDIOM

5. Pass now the glass of tuba, For we are tired and thirsty.

Don’t take too big a gulp

Because you might drown. = FABLE

Process Questions

Activity 4. In 2 to 3 sentences, answer the following questions:

1. How do you compare the origin of the two stories? Which elements do they share, and
what differences do they have in explaining how the world came to be?

There are a lot of components that go into an interesting myth: the cosmogony (the process of
how the world was actually created), the characters involved, how they interact with each other,
the environment, where it all takes place, the positive and negative and their implications

2. Which creation story is espoused by your religion? How do you compare that particular
origin story to these two folk narratives?
The creation story of my religion which is Christianity is the story of Adam and Eve.That story is
a sequence of real or fictional events; or, an account of such a sequence while folktale is a tale
or story that is part of the oral tradition of a people or a place.

3. Which aspects of the two cultures could have influenced the stories? Based on the
details of the two creation stories, what can we conclude about the two cultures that
came up with them?

Creation reveals God and God's nature, character and purposes. He is the one who created the world.

4. Is there such a thing as a “correct” version of how the world was created? What can
we learn about diversity from the creation stories that we have?

They say it was God who created the universe and somehow some of us are getting
curious on how God was made and some also believed that we are living in a simulation
and others belived that it was because of an atom. Diversity is not a liberal value; it is the
way of the world.

What I Have Learned

Activity 5. Compare and contrast how your time and the early Filipinos viewed God
as reflected in the myth you have read and the belief you have now
through a Venn Diagram.
 A C B
A
C
B
How Filipinos viewed

God:

A. Early Filipinos’

Viewed God

B. Your time view

God

C. Similar views

On God by early

Filipinos and

Now.

A. God has been seen as the great judge. And as judge, God was thus also the redeemer
for those who have been wronged.
B. Young adults attend religious services less often than older. And compared with their
elders today, fewer young people say that religion is very important in their lives.
C.  Young adults pray less often than their elders do today, the number of young adults
who say they pray every day rivals the portion of young people who said the same in
prior decades. And though belief in God is lower among young adults than among older
adults, Millennia’s say they believe in God with absolute certainty at rates similar to
those seen among Gen Xers a decade ago.
What I Can Do
Activity 6. Write your own version of Creation based on your imagination.

Please do refer to the Rubrics found on the last part of this lesson.

W ONE WORLD
Jennie is a second-year resident cardiothoracic surgeon in Philippine Heart
Center. Her father is an author and illustrator of the famous webtoon W. Despite the
webtoon’s popularity, Jennie's father plans to abruptly end it by having Limario killed off.
Limario is the lead character of the popular comic series W. He is the CEO of the Celine
Company, owner of broadcasting channel W, and an Olympic gold medalist in shooting
in his youth. Jennie's father draws a scene where Limario is stabbed by a mysterious
figure, but his plan is foiled when her daughter Jennie is sucked into the webtoon world
and rescues Limario in the nick of time. She disappears back into the real world before
she regains consciousness, but keeps being sucked back into the webtoon world,
always right on time to save Limario from another of his father's murderous plans.

Jennie, who’s a major Limario fangirl, can’t understand at first why her father
would want to kill him off. Eventually, however, she learns the disturbing reason behind
her father’s apparent irrationality: the webtoon, and Limario himself, have a life and will
of their own, and Mr. Kim, who has been getting sucked into the fictional world ever
more often, is terrified of being swallowed whole by it. Things become even more
dangerous and complicated when Jennie herself begins getting entangled in the
fictional world.

  She knows how to world build, particularly when it comes to establishing the rules
by which those worlds operate. Jennie and Limario soon develop feelings for each
other. Limario and Jennie quickly figure out how time works in the fictional world what
will send Jennie back to the real world, and even how to enter the fictional world at will. 

When Limario realizes that he’s only a fictional character, the story reminds us of
the ethics of storytelling. Limario is, of course, devastated by this realization. Jennie, at
the very least, is aware of the danger she’s in and gets swept up into the action.

Soon enough all the characters in the webtoon series W understand what was the
author wants to happen. In return for that, all the characters in the W go to the real
world could earth. 

Limario's anger and devastation remind us that while characters are fictional, we
draw our knowledge of how to create them from their personalities to their motivations
and backgrounds from our experiences with real people.
Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer. Write the letter of your answer on the
blank before the number.

--------1. What literary genre are the lines below?

Bungbong kung liwanag Bamboo stem during the day

Kung gabi ay dagat. At night, a sea.

a. Proverbs b. Riddle c. Epic d. Legend

______2. What object is described in the number 1 literary work?

a. Bed b. Wall C. Mat d. Map

______3. What literary genre are the lines below?

Bahay man ay palasyo It is better to have a hut

Kung ang laman ay kuwago Inhabited by a person

Mabuti pa ang kubong than a mansion

Laman ay tao. Wherein an owl lives.

a. Proverbs b. Riddle c. Epic d. Legend

_____4. What is the message of the literary work in Number 2?

a. It is nice to live in a big house with an owl.

b. It is nice to live in a hut with poor people.
c. It is nice to live in a hut with a human being.
d. It is nice to live in a mansion of an owl.
____5. Which one is a song of a boatman?

a. How pitiful are those born poor

Our sinews if we don’t stretch

Will not earn silver.

b. Row, let’s row

Our full strength let’s give

The wind is strong; we might be benighted

c. Go to sleep, my child
Your father is far

He cannot fetch us.

d. Badla will also descend

He’ll give away strength
Let the Baylans dance…
 LESSON 2 PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN THE SPANISH PERIOD

What I know

Activity 1. Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer. Write the letter of your
answer on the blank before the number.

---------1. Work of poetry written in octosyllabic verse.

a. Duplo b. Corrido c. Balagtasan d. Awit

---------2. A poetic competition in speaking and reasoning.

a. Duplo b. Corrido c. Balagtasan d. Awit

--------3. A poetic competition which debates a particular topic or issue.

a. Duplo b. Corrido c. Balagtasan d. Awit

--------4. The most popular composition of Dr. Jose P. Rizal.

a. Doctrina Crstiana c. Noli Me Tangere

b. Florante at Laura d. La Solidaridad

--------5. The most popular verses written by Francisco Balagtas.

a. Doctrina Crstiana c. Noli Me Tangere

b. Florante at Laura d. La Solidaridad

What’s In
Activity 2. Arrange the jumbled letters below to form the different genres
and other forms of literature during the pre-colonial period.

Jumbled Words Correct Words

1. SYMHT MYTHS
2. AELFB FABLE
3. E E L D G N LEDGEN
4. S L L L A I E U B LULLABIES
5. V R P B S O E PROVERBS
What’s New
Activity 3. Arrange the jumbled letters below to identify some of the Philippine
literatures which were influenced by the Spanish.

1. O I C R R D O - CORRIDO
2. AOYRRS - ROSARRY
3. S N K L I A U O - SINAKULO
4. S S W L R A A E - SARSWELA
5. PULDO - DUPLO

Process Questions.

Activity 4

1. Whose idea was Dr. Rizal responding to? What exactly was the notion held about
Filipinos during Rizal’s time?

La Indolencia de los Filipinos, more popularly known in its English version, "The
Indolence of the Filipinos," is a exploratory essay written by Philippine national hero Dr.
Jose Rizal, to explain the alleged idleness of his people during the Spanish colonization.
2. How did Rizal defend the identity of his countrymen? What arguments, conditions, and
examples did he cite to substantiate his case?

He wrote written works that opened the eyes of the filipinos from the corrupt and biased
spaniards when they colonized the country.

3. Among Rizal’s arguments, which was the most helpful to his defense of
Filipinos? Explain.

4. In your own experience and perspective, how can you prove that the Filipinos are, in
actuality, hardworking? Cite concrete examples to make your case.

We Filipinos are proud of our values and heritage. Whatever values we learned
when we were young we continue to practise throughout our adult lives, in our personal
interactions with others as well as at our workplaces, no matter where we are in the
world. We are well known to be hardworking, with the ability to work well with others,
whatever be the race, ethnicity or gender orientation. Last but not least, we never fail to
smile and our strong faith in God carries us through hardships, be they personal
difficulties or bad situations.

What I Have Learned

Activity 5. Fill in the blanks with the correct literary works during the Spanish period.

1. Baglagtasan was a debate in poetic delivery during the Spanish time which is still
done today.
2. The passion is recited during Lenten season by Catholic devotees.
3. Mi último adiós is written by Dr. Jose P. Rizal before he died.
4. Doctrina Christiana the first book printed which consisted the rosary and
commandments.
5. Perzosa means lazy.
What I Can Do
Activity 6. Write a reflective essay to prove that Filipinos are one of the most industrious
people in the world. Provide specific examples or instances.

Working overtime is a common practice in the Philippines. Many workers believe that it
adds value to their work and helps them contribute to the team. Despite their own heavy
workload, they still support their teammates.

It’s clear that Filipinos have built a reputation for being highly skilled and productive
employees. Their strong moral code and ethical behavior have helped make them the
preferred choice of employers around the world.

Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer. Write the letter of your
answer on the blank before the number.

----------1. It has a religious theme which dramatizes the passion of Christ.

a. Sarswela b. Sinakulo c. komedya d. moro-moro

---------2. A book which is about the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ.

a. Christian Doctrine c. Complimentary Verse

b. The Passion d. Meditative Verse

--------3. A religious lyric poem were novenas and catechisms are found

a. Christian Doctrine c. Complimentary Verse

b. The Passion d. Meditative Verse

--------4. What did Rizal believe can cure the cause of indolence among Filipinos.

a. revolution b. peace c. education d. slavery

--------5. What was the situation of the Filipinos based on “The Indolence of Filipinos”
essay.

a. They lived lazily in their homes

b. They worked so hard with less pay.
c. They worked but not appreciated.
d. They lived without work.