National Textile University

B.S. Textile Engineering

Practical Lab Report

Course Code: YM-3012

Practical No. 01

Title of Practical Study of draft and twist change on roving frame

Student Name Hussnain

Registration No. 18-NTU-0055

Semester 6th

Section A

Group 1

Submitted to Dr Zulfiqar sb
Abstract:-

In this lab we were learnt about Draft and twist on roving frame. Roving frame is also called
High speed frame and simplex Department. The objective of this department is to insert small
amount of twist in drawn sliver and prepare input package for next machine. In this lab we were
also learn about the gearing diagram of Roving frame and who to change draft and twist using
gearing diagram. The new TCP and DCP was calculated from old TCP and DCP was 65.5 and
47.

Objectives:-

1. To make the diagram of drafting and twist gearing and identify the change places.
2. To calculate the existing total draft and twist.
3. To change the total draft by 10% and twist by 15%.
4. To calculate the new total draft and twist.
5. To calculate the new total draft and twist wheels required for change in draft and twist.
6. To confirm the new total draft and new twist by speed observation.

Introduction:-

Theory:-

The roving frame is the machine that comes after the draw frame in short-staple spinning
system. The input is the finisher draw frame sliver in sliver cans and the output of the roving
frame is called roving. The roving frame is called by various names in the industry and in the
literature. The machine is called a fly frame or a flyer frame - as it employs a flyer.
The draw frame produces a sliver that already exhibits all the characteristics required for the
creation of yarn, namely an ordered, clean strand of fibers lying parallel to one another. In
fact, the roving machine is Complicated, Liable to faults, Causes defects, Adds to production
costs and delivers a product that is sensitive both in winding and unwinding.

Two principal reasons for the use of roving frame are:

1) The required high draft in the ring frame (DT = 300 – 500), and

2) Draw frame cans are not convenient for transport and presentation of feed material to the
ring frame.

Objectives of draw frame

1. To draft the sliver to a thin strand,

2. To impart to the drafted strand a protective twist.
3. To wind the drafted and twisted roving material onto a suitable package for further use.
Procedure:-

 In this lab firstly we draw a sketch of gearing diagram of Roving frame.

 Then we were observed the drive of Gears. Where and who to transmit drive one to
another gear.
 After this we were observed the DCP gears and count the teeth’s of DCP gears for
changed the draft for our roving standards.
 Draft was calculated by the given formula.
Surface spedd of Front roller
 Total draft= Surface spedd of back roller
 After that draft was calculated by increasing 10% and 15%.
 After this we were noted the existing value of twist and draft.
 Then we were changed the DCP and TCP gears and after changing the gears we were
note the value of draft and twist.
 After noted that value before and after we were counted the value of Total draft.
 After calculated the Total draft we were check this draft and twist by speed observations.

Diagram of Roving frame:- Gearing diagram of roving frame:-

Observation and calculations:-

Formulas:-

Surface spedd of Front roller

Total draft=
Surface spedd of back roller

Flyer speed
Twist per inch=
surface speed of front roller

surface speed=π × d × n

Readings:- (Before)
 Speed of front roller = 165.8rpm
 Flyer speed = 647 rpm
 Front roller diameter = 28.5mm (1.122inch)
 Note: all bottom rollers have same diameter
 Speed of back roller = 26 rpm
 Speed of 3rd roller = 34 rpm
 Speed of 2nd roller = 155 rpm
 Old DCP = 52 T
 Old TCP = 42 T

Surface speed:-1
surface speed=π × d × n

surface speed of front roller = 3.14×1.122×165.8

= 584.12 rpm

surface speed of back roller = 3.14×1.122×26

= 91.6 rpm

surface speed of front roller = 3.14×1.122×34

= 119.7 rpm

surface speed of back roller = 3.14×1.122×155

= 546.07 rpm

T.P.I:-
 Flyer speed
Twist per inch=
surface speed of front roller

647
Twist per inch=
165.8

Twist per inch=3.9

Total draft:-
Surface spedd of Front roller
Total draft=
Surface spedd of back roller

165.8
Total draft=
26

Total draft=6.3

Change the Total draft:- (10%)

= 6.3×1.1

= 6.93

Change the Twist:- (15%)

= 3.9×1.15

= 4.485

Observation:- (before)
 Surface sped of front roller = 584.12 rpm
 Surface sped of back roller = 91.6 rpm
 Surface sped of 3rd roller = 119.7 rpm
 Surface sped of 2nd roller = 546.07 rpm
 Total draft = 6.3
 T.P.I = 3.9
 10% of Total draft DC = 6.93
 15% of Total draft TCP = 4.485

Readings:- (After)
  Speed of front roller = 145.0rpm
 Flyer speed = 640 rpm
 Front roller diameter = 28.5mm (1.122inch)
 Note: all bottom rollers have same diameter
 Speed of back roller = 21 rpm
 Speed of 3rd roller = 24.5 rpm
 Speed of 2nd roller = 138 rpm
 Old DCP = 47 T
 Old TCP = 74T

Surface speed:-
surface speed=π × d × n

surface speed of front roller = 3.14×1.122×165.8

= 510rpm

surface speed of back roller = 3.14×1.122×26

= 73.9rpm

surface speed of front roller = 3.14×1.122×34

= 86.3rpm

surface speed of back roller = 3.14×1.122×155

= 486.1rpm

T.P.I:-
Flyer speed
Twist per inch=
surface speed of front roller

647
Twist per inch=
145

Twist per inch=4.4

Total draft:-
 Surface spedd of Front roller
Total draft=
Surface spedd of back roller

145
Total draft=
21

Total draft=6.9

Change the Total draft:- (10%)

= 6.9×1.1

= 7.59

Change the Twist:- (15%)

= 4.4×1.5

= 10.35

New DCP:-
(old DCP × old Draft)
New DCP=
new draft

(52 ×6.3)
New DCP=
6.9

New DCP=47

NewTCP:-
(old DCP ×old TCP )
New TCP=
new TCP

(74 ×3.9)
New TCP=
4.4

New TCP=65.5

Observation:- (After)
 Surface sped of front roller = 510 rpm
  Surface sped of back roller = 73.9 rpm
 Surface sped of 3rd roller = 86.3 rpm
 Surface sped of 2nd roller = 486.1 rpm
 Total draft = 6.9
 T.P.I = 4.4
 New DCP = 47
 New TCP = 65.5
 10% of Total draft = 7.59
 15% of Total draft = 10.35

Discussion:-

Sr no Name Before After

1 Surface sped of front roller 584.12 510 rpm
2 Surface sped of back roller 91.6rpm 73.9 rpm
3 Surface sped of 3rd roller 119.7rpm 86.3 rpm
4 Surface sped of 2nd roller 564.07rpm 486.1 rpm
5 Total draft 6.3 6.9
6 T.P.I 3.9 4.4
7 New DCP 52 47
8 New TCP 42 65.5
9 10% of Total draft 6.93% 7.59%
10 15% of Total draft 4.485% 10.35%

Conclusion:-
In this practical we learned about the drives of Gears, Draft and twist. After performing this
practical we will conclude that if we changed the DCP and TCP gears then the draft and twist
will be automatically changed.

RUBRIC FOR ASSESSING LAB REPORTS

Course: YM-3012
Title: Study of draft and twist change on ring frame
 Name: hussnain

Registration No. 18-NTU-0055

Total Marks Obtained:

Attri Max. Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Obtaine

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