Management Process and Organizations

Assignment No.03

l<ukdlrejka úúO wdldrfha

ixúOdk l<ukdlrKh lrkafka
fjkia wdldrhg o@

GAANDHRM-S211P-002
Prasadini N.A.S.
1
 l<ukdlrejka úúO wdldrfha ixúOdk l<ukdlrKh lrkafka fjkia
wdldrhg o@
Tõ'
ixúOdkfha oelau ia:dms; lsrSu" wdh;ksl Wmdh ud¾. ixj¾Okh lsrSu iy wdh;ksl
wruqKq idËHd;a lr .ekSu i|yd fiajlhska fm<Uùu" fufyhùu iy md,kh lsrSu
l<ukdlrKfha j.lSu neúka ixúOdkfha id¾:l;ajfha úYd, fldgila r|d mj;skafka
l<ukdlrejkaf.a l<ukdlrK ffY,Ska u;h' fmdÿfõ .;a l< ixúOdkhla wfmaËs;
wruqKq idËHd;a lr .ekSug l%shd;aul fõ' ixúOdkhl wfmaËs; wruqKq idËHd;a lr
.ekSug fkdyels jq úg m%;s:,odhS fkdfõ' id¾:l l<ukdlrefjl= hkq úúO mrsirhka g
iy fiajlhskag .e,fmk mrsos Tjqkaf.a l<ukdlrK ffY,sh ilia lr .; yels wfhls'
l<ukdlrefjl=f.a l<ukdlrK ffY,sh wNHka;r mrsirh (Internal Environment),
jHdmdrsl mrsirh (Task Environment), iy ndysr mrsirh (General Environment) we;=¿
úúO idOl uÕska yev .eiS we;s w;r l<ukdlrejka fiajlhdf.a ld¾hh N+ñldj foi
n,k wdldrh wkqj th fjkia fõ' tu ksid tla tla wdh;k j, l<ukdlrejka ta ta
wdh;khg fjkia wdldrhg iy tu wdh;khg WÑ; wdldrhg l<ukdlrKh l< hq;= fõ'
iEu wdh;khlau tlu wdldrhg l<ukdlrKh l< fkdyelsh' wdh;kj, m%udKh"
ixhq;sh" M,odhS;djh" l<ukdlrejkaf.a l<ukdlrK ffY,shka iEu w;skau tlsfklg
fjkia fõ' tu ksid Bg WÑ; whqrska ffY,Ska" ksYaÑ; ld¾hh idOk mqyqKq" wdh;kfha
ixialD;sh" fiajl l<ukdlrKh jeks ld¾hhka bgql< hq;=h' idudkHfhka mq¿,a
l<ukdlrK ffY,Ska 4la ms<s.; yelsh' tkï"

1.w;a;fkdau;sl l<ukdlrK ffY,sh (Autocratic Management Style)

2.ksoyia l<ukdlrK ffY,sh (The Laissez Fair Management Style)
3.m%cd;ka;%jdoS$iyNd.S;aj l<ukdlrK ffY,sh (Democratic/Participating Management
Style)
4.ks,OdrsjdoS l<ukdlrK ffY,sh (Bureaucratic Management Style)

w;a;fkdau;sl l<ukdlrK ffY,sh fhdod .ksñka ;ukaf.a ixúOdkh l<ukdlrKh

lrk wdh;khkag WodyrK f,i"
;%súO yuqodj"
tal mqoa., jHdmdr"
jHdmdr wdh;k wdoS wdh;khka oelaúh yelsh'
fuu l<ukdlrK ffY,sh ;=<ska by; wdh;khkays l<ukdlrejka ;ukaf.a n,h"
;ukaf.a wêldrS;ajh muKla Ndú;d lrkq ,nhs' tu l<ukdlrejka úiska ixúOdkfha
ish¿ ;SrK .kS'

2
;ud hgf;a isák fiajlhskaf.a woyia iy odhl;ajh osrsu;a lsrSu wjYH hehs i,lkq
fkd,efí' ;SrK j,g" hg;a fiaajlhskaf.a n,mEï j,g b;d iq¿fjka bv oSu fyda
fldfy;au bv fkdoSu iy Tjqkaf.a fhdackd wfmaËd fkdlrhs' ld¾h Nd¾hhka iy
l¾;jHhka meyeos,sj ks¾jpkh lr we;s w;r ksr;=rej mrSËdlr wëËKh lrkq ,nk
w;r m%Yak lsrSulska f;drj ksh; Wmfoia wkq.ukh lsrSug fiajlhskaf.ka wfmaËd flf¾'
;%súO yuqodfõ ixúOdk jHqyh ;=<" Oqrdj,sh ;=< ia:dk.; lsrSu u; mokïj l<ukdlrKh
úiska ish¿ ;SrK .kS' fuu l<ukdlrK ffY,sh fhdod .ksñka ixúOdk l<ukdlrKh
lrk by; i|yka wdh;k jeks tajdfha oS kj fiajlhskag" kqmqyqKq fiajlhskag fyda
wNsfma%rKhla fkdue;s fiajlhskag wëËKh iy meyeos,s u. fmkaùu ,nd foa' w¾nqOldrS
wjia:djkays oS fyda nrm;, ld, iSudjkays oS fuu l<ukdlrK ffY,sh Ndú;d lrk
l<ukdlrejkag úYd, jYfhka m%fhdack .; yelsh'

kuq;a fuu w;a;fkdau;sl l<ukdlrK ffY,sh Ndú;d lrñka ixúOdkh l<ukdlrKh

lrkakg hdfïoS fiajlhskaf.a iq¿ wúksYaÑ;;djhl oS jqjo meyeos,sj tu fiajlhska i|yd
;SrK .ekSfï fõ.h tys we;s jdishls' ish¿u ;SrK .kq ,nkafka l<ukdlrejka úiska jk
w;r fiajlhska fjkia ùu fyda Tjqkaf.a jHdl+,;djhka j,oS b;d l=vd bvla ;nñka
wkql+, jkq we;ehs wfmaËd flf¾' ;SrK .ekSfï fõ.h mrudo¾YS jk w;r fjk;a lsisu
fya;=jla ksid th ukao.dó fkdfõ' kuq;a fiajlhska osrs.ekSùula fkdue;s ùu" /lshd
w;Dma;sh" /lshdfjka bj;a ùu iy fkdmeñKSu wdosh fuu l<ukdlrK ffY,sh l%shd;aul
lsrSfï oS isÿ úh yels whym;a ;;a;ajhka fõ' l<ukdlrejka ish¿ ;SrK .kakd neúka
fiajlhska iajdëkj lghq;= lsrSug keUqre fkdjk w;r l<ukdlre u; r|d mj;S' ish¿u
fiajlhskag wëËKh wjYH fyda fkdjk w;r tys m%;s:,hla f,i /lshdfõ w;Dma;lr
;;a;ajhkag m;aúh yelsh'

ksoyia l<ukdlrK ffY,shg wkqj ixúOdkh l<ukdlrKh lrk wdh;khkag WodyrK

f,i"
.fï mkaif,a odhl iNdj
mdi,l .=rejreka wdosh oelaúh yelsh'

.fï mkaif,a l<ukdlrejd f,i ie,flkafka tu mkaif,a kdhl iajdókaøhka jykafia

fjhs' mdi,l kï isiqka l<ukdlrKh lrkq ,nkafka tu mdif,a .=rjreka úisks' .fï
mkaif,a kdhl iajdóka jykafia fyda .=rejreka ksoyia l<ukdlrK ffY,sh Ndú;d
lrñka ;u ixúOdkh jk mkaif,a odhl iNdj fyda mdif,a isiqka l<ukdlrK lsrSug
hdfï oS l<ukdlrK l%shdj i|yd iq¿fjka fyda ueosy;a ùula fkdlrhs' l¾h uKav,
wëËKhla wjYH fkdjk w;r by< ksmqK;djhla we;s neúka ;u fiajlhskag ksoyfia
jev lrf.k hdug" m%Yak úi|Su iy ;SrK .ekSu iajdëkj isÿ lrf.k hdug bv i,his'
fuysoS mkaif,a kdhl iajdóka jykafiaf.a ueosy;a ùula fkdue;s w;r odhl iNdj úiska
mkai, kï ixúOdkh l<ukdlrKh lrf.k hkq ,nhs' odhl iNdfõ isák iNdm;s"

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f,alï we;=¿ wfkl=;a idudcslhkaf.a woyia" ;SrKj,g wjOdkh fhduq lrñka Tjqkaf.a
woyia ie,ls,a,g .ksñka bossrs lghq;= ixúOdkh lrk w;r kdhl iajóka jykafiaf.a
ueosy;a ùu" u. fmkaùu iy kdhl;ajh w;HdjYHu wjia:djkays oS muKla ,nd .kS' fuu
l<ukdlrK ffY,sh iajhx l<ukdlrK lKavdhï f,i o y÷kajkq ,efí'

tfukau .=rejreka o ;ukaf.a isiqkaf.a woyia" fhdackd" ;SrK iy ks¾udKYs,S Ndú;hkag

wjOdkh fhduq lrñka Tjqkag iajdëkj lghq;= lrf.k hdug wjia:dj ,nd fok w;r
.=rejrekaf.a u. fmkaùu iy ueosy;a ùu isÿ lrkq ,nkafka wjYH wjia:djkaysoS muKs'

m%cd;ka;%jdoS$iNNd.S;aj l<ukdlrK ffY,sh Ndú;hg .ksñka l<ukdlrK lrkq ,nk

ixúOdkhka WodyrK f,i"
iqN idOl ix.ï
wdh;k ;=< mj;sk jD;a;Sh iñ;s
iKi iñ;s
l=vd f;aj;= ysñhkaf.a ix.uh
iuqmdldr iñ;s wdosh oelaúh yelsh'

fuu ix.ïj, l<ukdlrejd jkafka tu ix.ufha iNdm;sjrhdh' fuu l<ukdlrK

ffY,sh Ndú;d lrñka by; i|yka l< wdldrfha ixúOdk l<ukdlrKh lsrSfï oS
l<ukdlrejka fiajlhskaf.a wjOdkh iuÕ ;SrKj,g t,öu isÿ lrk kuq;a wjidk
;SrKhka .ekSfï j.lSu .kq ,nhs' fuys oS ikaksfõokh by< isg my<g fukau my< isg
by<g hk folu isÿjk w;r lKavdhï l<ukdlrKhla o we;s fõ' m%;sm;a;s ilia lsrSfï
oS yd ;SrK .ekSfï oS lKavdhï iyNd.S;ajh wfmaËd lrhs' tfukau hg;a fiajlhskag
weyqïlka oSu isÿ lrhs' wfkla idudcslhkag jeä wjOdkhla fhduq lrk ksid nyq ld¾hh
iy úúOdldr oDIaá fldaKhlska hq;= ;SrK .; yelsh' tfukau l<ukdlre ;SrK .ekSug
fmr wfkl=;a idudcslhkaf.a woyia fhdackd ie,els,a,g .kakd neúka fiajlhskag jvd
jeä jákdlula oefkkq we;s w;r tuÕska wNsfm%arKh iy :,odhS;djh jeä fõ' kuq;a fuu
l<ukdlrK ffY,sfha oS isÿjk wjdishla jkafka úúO woyia yd tu woyia tla /ia lsrSu
ksid ;SrKhla .ekSug .;jk ld,hhs' ;SrK .ekSfï oS úúO oDIaá fldaKj, úNj .egqula
o we;s fõ'

ks,OdrSjdoS l<ukdlrK ffY,sh hkq ;ukaf.a ;k;=r ksid ;ukag ,efnk kS;Hdkql+,
n,h" ;Hd. n,h iy n,mEï lsrSfï n,h hk idOl mokï lr .ksñka kHdhd;aulj
l<ukdlrKh lrkq ,nk l<ukdlrejkah' WodyrK f,i"

osia;%sla f,alï ld¾hd,fha osia;%sla f,alï

m%dfoaYSh f,alï ld¾hd,fha m%dfoaYSh f,alï
rdcH wdh;khka ys wOHË ckrd,ajre" wOHËljre wdoshhs'

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Tjqkaf.a ;k;=r ksid Tjqkag ,efnk kS;Hdkql+, n,h Ndú;d lrñka ;udf.a ixúOdkh
fufyh ùu" ;SrK .ekSu" ;ukaf.a ixúOdkhg w¿;a idudcslhka n|jd .ekSu" wkjYH
idudcslhka bj;a lsrSu wdoS lghq;= i|yd kS;Hdkql+, n,h Ndú;d lrñka ixúOdkkh lsrSu
isÿ lrhs'

tfukau" fiajlhska fyd|ska lghq;= lrkafka kï tu fiajlhskag m%Yxidjka ,ndoSu" ;Hd.

,nd oSu" osrs oSukd" jegqmq j¾Ol ,nd oSu" fYa%KS Wiia ùï ,nd oSu wdosh ;=<ska fiajlhska
osrsu;a lsrSfï n,ho fudjqka i;= jk w;r n,meï lsrSug n,h" fiajlfhl= kS;s úfrdaë
l%shdjla l< úg Tyqg tfrysj úkhdkql+,j lghq;= lsrSu" fiajh w;aysgqùu" fiajfhka
fkrmd yerSu" ia:dk udreùï ,nd oSu wdoS o~qjï ,nd oSu jekak l%shd;aul lsrSfï n,ho
fuu l<ukdlrejkag ysñ fõ'

ta wkqj" meyeos,s jkafka fuu l<ukdlrK ffY,Ska 4g wkqj ixúOdk l<ukdlrKh

lsrSfï oS l<ukdlrejka úúOdldrhg úúO ffY,Ska fhdod .ksñka ;u ixúOdk
l<ukdlrKh lrk njhs'

tfukau ixúOdkhla M,odhS ùug kï l<ukdlrejl=f.a ffY,Sh iy bosrs oelau

ixúOdkfha ixialD;shg .e,msh hq;=h' wdh;khl$ixúOdkhl ixialD;sh hkq tu
ixúOdkfha idudcslhskaf.a iduqyl
s yeisrSï iy jákdlï" oelau" úYajdihka iy mqreÿ
Tjqkaf.a l%shdjkag iïnkaO lr .ekSuhs' wdh;khl ixialD;sh tys wNHka;r mrsirfha
moku f,i ie,fla' tfukau wdh;khl ixialD;sh fiajlhskaf.a yeisrSï j,g ie,lsh
hq;= f,i n,mEï lrhs' tfukau wdh;kfha fyda ixúOdkfha m%.;shg ixialD;sh Yla;shla
fyda ndOdjla úh yelsh'

tu ksid l<ukdlrefjl= úiska wdh;kfha ;sfnk fN!;sl iïm;a muKla fkdj

wdh;kfha ixialD;sh o l<ukdlrKh lr.; hq;=h' wdh;ksl ixialD;sh wdh;khg
iqNjdoS fukau wiqNjdoS f,i o n,mEï l< yels lreKls' wdh;kfha ixialD;sh" wdh;kfha
wruqKq bgqjk wdldrhg fukau wdh;kfha wruqKq j,ska neyerj o lghq;= lsrSug o yelsh'
tu ksid wdh;kfha$ixúOdkfha ixialD;sh l<ukdlrKh lr .ekSug l<ukdlrefjl=g
úfYaI yelhdjla" Wkkaÿjla" jqjukdjla ;sìh hq;=h' wdh;kfha$ixúOdkfha ixialD;sh
hkqfjka woyia lrkafka ixúOdkhla$wdh;khla fjk;a ixúOdkhlska$wdh;khlska fjka
lr y÷kd .kakd idudcslhska úiska orkq ,nk yjq,a moaO;sh fõ'

WodyrK f,i"
DSI wdh;kh Unichela wdh;kfhka fjka lr y÷kd .kq ,nkafka tu wdh;khkays
ixialD;sh uÕsks'
ud¾. ixj¾Ok wêldrsh úfoaY fiajd wud;HdxYfhka fjka lr y÷kd .kq ,nkafka
tu wdh;khkays ixialD;sh uÕsks'

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 tfukau tl iudk ld¾hhka lrk" tl iudk ixúOdk jHqyhka ;sfnk" iudl
OQrdj,Ska ;sfnk" iudk oelau" fufyjr" wruqKq iys; ;sfnk wdh;khl jqjo
wdh;k fjka lr y÷kd .kq ,nkafka tu wdh;kfha ixialD;sh uÕsks' tkï"
noafoa.u m%dfoaYSh f,alï ld¾hd,h j÷rU m%dfoaYSh f,alï ld¾hd,fhka fjka lr
y÷kd .kq ,nkafka tu wdh;khka ys ixialD;sh uÕsks'

fï wdldrhg ixúOdkhla ;j;a ixúOdkhlskA fjka lr y÷kd .kakd m%Odk idOlh

jkafka tu ixúOdkfha ixialD;sh ksidfjka ixúOdkfhka ixúOdkhg ixialD;sh fjkia
jk neúka l<ukdlrejka ixúOdkhka l<ukdlrKh lsrSfï oS ;u wdh;kfha ixialD;shg
wod< jk fia l<ukdlrKh lrkq ,nhs'

fï wkqj wjidk jYfhka i|yka l< yelafla l<ukdlrejka l<ukdlrK ffY,Ska iy

ixúOdkfha ixialD;sh wdoS idOl mokï lr.ksñka úúO wdldrfha ixúOdk l<ukdlrKh
lrkq ,nkafka fjkaia wdldrhg njhs' kuq;a ´kEu ixúOdkhl l<ukdlrejl=f.a wjidk
iy fmdÿ wNsu;d¾:h jkafka ñksiqkaf.a jev lghq;= talanoaO lsrSu uÕska ld¾hËuj yd
M,odhS f,i wdh;ksl wruqKq idËHd;a lr .ekSu i|yd ixúOdkfha iïm;a ie,iqï lsrSu"
ixúOdkh lsrSu" fufyh ùu iy md,kh lsrSuhs' th l<ukdlrKh f,i w¾: oelafõ'