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UNIT 11
Should we eat more veggies?

SNAPSHOT
Many people worry about their health. They obviously want to be healthy.
Here is the food you should eat for your health.

What foods are found in each category of food in the every day food guide for
healthy eating? Complete the table.

carbohydrates bread, oats,

protein
vegetables
fruit
milk

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How do you keep healthy?
What will you do to maintain your health?
Why do we need to avoid junk-food and soft drinks to be healthy?
How many kinds of food should we eat to have a healthy body? Mention them
all.

SPEAKING
Practice the following conversation with in pairs.

Ted Hi William, it has been a long time. Nice to meet you again. How
have you been?
William Hi Ted, it’s great to see you here. I’ve been well. And you?
Ted Me too, I am well. By the way you look healthier now. Are you on a
strict diet?
William Not really, I just make sure that I am fit.
Ted Can you give me some suggestions on how to stay healthy?
William Well, first of all, you need to make sure that you eat the right foods.
Ted What are the best foods to eat?
William You should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables, along with whole
grains and protein. We call it the Five Food Groups.
Ted What should I avoid?
William You need to avoid fatty and greasy foods. You should avoid too much
sugar and caffeine.
Ted What else is important to stay healthy?
William You need to get plenty of exercise every day. A simple way is
jogging. If you smoke, you need to stop.
Ted Is it OK to eat junk food?
William Of course not. It is full of oil and salt.
Ted It seems difficult to keep healthy. There are so many things we need
to do.
William No, it’s not. You only need to avoid eating unnecessary food like
junk-food, sugar, caffeine, and stop smoking.
Ted I see. Thank you for your suggestions.
William My pleasure dude!

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READING

Before you begin the next activity, think about your diet! Is it a bad diet or a
good diet? What effects will there be if you have a good diet? And what
effects will there be get if you don’t?

Which Foods Should I Eat and How Much?

There is some up-to-date advice about the amount and kinds of foods and
drinks that we need every day for our health and well-being.

By eating the recommended amounts from the Five Food Groups and limiting
foods that are high in fat, sugars and salt, you can get enough of the nutrients
essential for good health. You may reduce your risk of chronic diseases such as
heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity and some cancers. You will also feel
better, look better, enjoy life more and live longer!

The amount of food you need from the Five Food Groups depends on your
age, gender, height, weight and physical activity levels. For example, a 21-
year-old man should aim for 6 serves of vegetables a day, whereas a 21-year-
old woman should aim for 5 serves a day. A 61-year-old man should aim for 6
serves of carbohydrates a day, and a 61-year-old woman should aim for 4
serves a day. Those who are taller or more physically active (and not
overweight) may be able to have additional serves of the Five Food Groups or
margarine and oils or discretionary choices.

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Exercise 1

List the unfamiliar words from the text above. Try to guess the meanings and
write some possibilities in the following table:

No New Vocabulary Possible Meaning

1 Up-to-date Recent, now
2 Five food groups
3 Health
4
5
6
7
8

Exercise 2

Read the following statements. Check if they are true or false.

No Statements True False

Eating foods that are high in fat, sugars and salt will
1
make you healthy.

Age, gender, height, weight and physical activity levels

2
affect on how much you should eat.

3 The ‘serve size’ is a set amount that is constant.

Knowing the recommended serving size and of serves

4
per day is not necessary.

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GRAMMAR FOCUS

Modal Auxiliary
Definition A modal verb (also modal auxiliary verb, modal auxiliary) is a
type of helping/auxiliary verb that is used to show modality-
that is, likelihood, ability, permission, and obligation. There is
no 3rd person singular change in using modal.
Example We should consume less fat in order to lose weight

Exercise 3

1. Find 5 modal auxiliaries from the reading text.

1. _________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________

2. Find and write 10 sentences that include modals.

1. _____________________________ 6. ______________________________

2. _____________________________ 7. ______________________________

3. _____________________________ 8. ______________________________

4. _____________________________ 9. ______________________________

5. _____________________________ 10. _____________________________

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GRAMMAR FOCUS
Positive Sentences
Modal with be Subject + Modal + Be + Adjective/Noun/Adverb
Examples He should be here by now.
Modal with verb Subject + Modal + Verb I + Complement
Examples I could swim quite well.
Negative Sentences
Subject + Modal + not + Be +
Modal with be
Adjective/Noun/Adverb
Examples You cannot be serious.
Modal with verb Subject + Modal + not + Verb I + Complement
Examples He must not blame you for this.
YES/NO Questions
Modal with be Modal + Subject + Be + Adjective/Noun/Adverb
Examples Will she be here next week?
Modal with verb Modal + Subject + Verb I + Complement
Examples Could you open the window please?

Here is a List of Modals with Examples:

Modal
Expressing Examples
Verbs
You must stop when the traffic
Strong obligation
lights turn red.
Must
Logical He must be very tired. He's been
conclusion/certainty working all day long.
You must not smoke in the
Must not Prohibition
hospital.
Ability I can swim.
Can Permission Can I use your phone please?
Possibility Smoking can cause cancer.
When I was younger I could run
Ability in the past
fast.
Could
Excuse me, could I just say
Polite permission
something?

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Possibility It could rain tomorrow!
Permission May I use your phone please?
May
Possibility, probability It may rain tomorrow!
Polite permission Might I suggest an idea?
Might I might go on holiday to Australia
Possibility, probability
next year.
Lack of I need not buy tomatoes. There
Need not necessity/absence of are plenty of tomatoes in the
obligation fridge.
Future plan and
Shall possibility (Shall with I Shall we start?
and We)
I should/ought to see a doctor. I
Suggestion
have a terrible headache.
You should/ought to revise your
Should/ought Advice
lessons.
to
He should/ought to be very
Logical conclusion tired. He's been working all day
long.
You 'd better revise your
Had better Advice
lessons.
I will come to your house this
Will Willingness
evening.
Would Willingness in the past I would arrange the appointment.

Exercise 4

Complete the following sentences using appropriate modal verbs.

1. If you are sick, you ________ go to work. You’ll infect everyone there.

2. Drivers _______ stop at red lights.

3. You do not need to finish the proposal today. You _______ finish it

tomorrow.

4. She ______ hear much better with her new hearing aids.

5. ______ I order us a bottle of wine?

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6. Sam ______ pick his daughter up from school and he is going to go now.

7. You _____________ smoke here. It’s a smoke-free building.

8. You ________ eat so many sweets. They are bad for you.

9. _________ you mind walking a little faster? We’re going to be late.

10. I’m sorry. I _______ help you. I don’t know how to do it.

Exercise 5

Write down one sentence each about ability, willingness, suggestion,

prohibition, probability.
1. ____________________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________________________

Exercise 6

Write sentences using modal auxiliary in the form of positive, negative, and
question.

Can
+
-
?
Need to
+
-
?
Will
+
-
?

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Ought to
+
-
?
Shall
+
-
?
May
+
-
?
Must
+
-
?
Have to
+
-
?

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