Name: Feb Charabella L.

Galgo
Section: SMITH

PRACTICAL RESEARCH LAS 11

III. GUIDED PRACTICES

GUIDED PRACTICE: WRITE ME UP

1. The importance of the review of related literature in your research study.

 A review of related literature (RRL) is a detailed review of existing literature related to the topic of a
thesis or dissertation. In an RRL, you talk about knowledge and findings from existing literature
relevant to your topic. The RRL should not simply summarize sources, but critically analyze and
evaluate published studies to provide a clear picture of the state of the knowledge on the subject.
The goal of a literature review is to get a better grasp of the existing research and discussions on a
certain topic or field of study, and to provide that information in the form of a written report.
Conducting a literature review aids in the building of your field expertise. Review of Related
Literature helps researchers to Identify need for additional research (justifying your research)
Identify the relationship of works in context of its contribution to the topic and to other works. Place
your own research within the context of existing literature making a case for why further study is
needed.
2. As a student, which among the different types of literature is/are applicable to your research
study? Support your answer.
 As a student, among the different types of literature the most applicable type of literature for my
study is the Narrative Literature. A narrative or traditional literature review is a comprehensive,
critical and objective analysis of the current knowledge on a topic. A literature review will help you
to identify patterns and trends in the literature so that you can identify gaps or inconsistencies in a
body of knowledge. At its most basic, narrative reviews are most useful for obtaining a broad
perspective on a topic and are often more comparable to a textbook chapter including sections on
the physiology and/or epidemiology of a topic. Unlike quantitative reviews, which have very
narrowly defined parameters and precise inclusion and exclusion rules, a narrative review has
more flexibility. The narrative review provides more potential for individual insight and opportunities
for speculation than most quantitative review approaches
IV. INDEPENDENT PRACTICES

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE 1: COM-CON

Terms Compare Contrast

Reference Bibliography
They're both composed of  References are  Bibliography is
Reference and entries arranged based on primary created on the
Bibliography alphabetically by author, sources. basis of primary
for example, and they  References used in and secondary
include the same basic the assignment can sources.
information. be arranged  List of sources
alphabetically or used in the
numerically. bibliography is
arranged
numerically.
A thesis is similar to a Thesis Dissertation
Thesis and dissertation in many  A thesis,  A dissertation is
Dissertation different ways. The major commonly usually done by a
similarity is in the required to obtain doctorate student
structure they follow. a master's degree, and focuses on
Both consist of the is supposed to test original research.
following sub-headings- a student's
title, abstract, introduction, understanding of
literature review, main his or her field of
body, research methods, study.
results, discussion,
conclusion,
recommendation,
bibliography and appendix.
Chronological Chronological review Methodological review
Chronological review review describes each  Chronological  Methodological
and Methodological work in succession review review focus on
review starting with the earliest describes each research methods
available information while work in rather than the
methodological review succession research.
focus on research methods starting with the
rather than the research. earliest available
information
Primary sources and Primary data and secondary Primary sources Secondary sources
Secondary sources data are both used in  Primary sources  Secondary sources
research and statistics. can be described often
They can be used to carry as those sources use generalizatio
out the same kind of that are closest to ns, analysis,
research in these fields the origin of the interpretation,
depending on data information. and synthesis of
availability. This is because primary sources.
secondary data and
primary data have the
same content.
Both helps the research Theoretical review Context review
 Theoretical review and much more effective and  Theoretical  Contextual review
Context review credible. Review The is a judicial
purpose of this method that rejects
form is to doctrinal or
concretely categorical
examine the methods to guide
corpus of theory judicial
that has supervision of
accumulated in administrative
regard to an issue, action.
concept, theory,
phenomena.

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE 2: CITE SEEING

Type Example from the Internet Source

Narrative Literature A Narrative Literature Review of the Experiences of Patients Living With Heart https://www.nursingcen
Failure ter.com/journalarticle?A
rticle_ID=3168597&Jo
urnal_ID=54004&Issue
_ID=3168438
Theoretical Review Theoretical Literature Review: Tracing the Life Cycle of a Theory and Its https://www.researchgat
Verified and Falsified Statements e.net/publication/32243
2047_Theoretical_Liter
ature_Review_Tracing_
the_Life_Cycle_of_a_T
heory_and_Its_Verified
_and_Falsified_Stateme
nts
Chronological Review A chronological review on perceptions of crowding in tourism and recreation https://www.tandfonline
.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0
2508281.2020.1841373
?journalCode=rtrr20

V. APPLICATION
APPLICATION: PRESENTING WRITTEN REVIEW

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Many studies have been conducted on the influence of social media on student
purchasing decisions. Social media has shown to be a hindrance to their purchasing
decisions when it comes to a certain product. Students are so reliant on the internet that
they can't even take a single step forward without it. Almost every young person in the
twenty-first century owns a smartphone. Although social media is growing increasingly
popular with individuals of all ages, including teenagers, preadolescents, adults, and the
elderly. However, when we look at previous research on similar issues, we may detect
some significant variances. There are many factors which influence consumer behavior.
Consumers could be influenced by culture, social class, family, opinion leaders extra
(Jethwaney & Jain, 2009). The purpose of this study is to have a better understanding
of how social media has an impact on student consumers’ buying decisions, including
characteristics and influencing factors of change in purchasing decision.
Social Media
Various definitions for social media have been presented by researchers and
media specialists. In light of Web 2.0 and User-Generated Content, Kaplan and
Haenlein (2010) provide a broad definition of social media. Social media is a collection
of web-based apps that are built on the conceptual and technological underpinnings of
Web 2.0 and enable the production and exchange of User Generated Content (UGC)
(Kaplan & Haenlein, 2010, s. 61). According to Parr (2010), social media is the use of
electronic and Internet tools for the aim of more efficiently sharing and discussing
information and experiences with other humans.
The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines social media as "forms of electronic
communication in which individuals build online communities to exchange information,
ideas, personal messages, and other content.” Dykeman (2008) regards social media
as, "any individual can: create digital, creative output; offer and receive real-time
feedback via online conversations, criticism, and assessments; and include updates or
corrections to the original content”.
As Kozinets (2010) points out, social media is becoming a more objective source
of information, and all of these groups have a genuine presence for its members,
influencing a variety of behaviors, including purchasing behavior. According to a
research by Jonas War Dem et al. (2013), social media is becoming one of the most
significant difficulties for marketing managers. According to a recent survey by the
Marketing Center Münster, which questioned 146 German managers to select the most
crucial entrepreneurial difficulties in the next few years, social media was named by 89
percent of respondents. Surprisingly, the mature market represents the second fastest
growing population segment engaged in Internet use (exceeded only by teens), with
women primarily responsible for this surge in activity. Therefore, the Internet may also
become a viable source of consumer behaviour information (Ross, 2000).
Purchasing Decision
The term "purchasing decisions" has a variety of meanings. It usually relates to
decisions on which goods to buy or how to get it (Jaakkola E., 2007). A buying decision,
according to Philip Kotler and Sidney J. Levy, is a behavior demonstrated by
decision-making persons to acquire, use, and set products and services (Kotler P.,
1969). In other words, the action of examining, purchasing, or disposing of items and
services is referred to as a buying decision (Ngoc M., 2016). Stankevich also defined
consumer behaviour as “the process by which individuals search for, select, purchase,
use, and dispose of goods and services, in satisfaction of their needs and wants”.
The five phases of the decision-making process were outlined by Alek Flekel.
First, "a need or want is identified, followed by a search procedure, comparison, product
or service selection, and decision assessment" (Flekel A., 2013). In his course "Buy
Decision: Definition and Hierarchy," lecturer JC Wright said that there are "five phases
of consumer purchase choice-making, namely: problem/need recognition, information
search, alternative evaluation, purchase decision, and post-purchase behavior"
(Purchase Decision: Definition and Hierarchy, 2013).
Consumers are exposed to a wide range of product options, which helps them
make better purchasing selections. Although each person's decision-making process is
unique, it is impacted by consumer behavior aspects (Gizaw A., 2014).
Every consumer is involved in the buying decision-making process on a regular
basis, therefore understanding it is crucial. Every consumer falls into one of two
categories: those who make purchasing decisions and those who do not. As a result, it's
critical to pinpoint the aspects that influence people's purchasing decisions. Marketers
will profit from this research since it will help them better target customers, develop their
business plan, and achieve their objectives (Ngoc M., 2016).
Social Media Influence on Student Consumers’ Buying Decisions
With the increased use of technology, companies may now determine customers'
needs without having to ask them. Technology and social media apps have become an
integral part of people's life, drawing marketers' attention to them (Stankevich A., 2017).
Many businesses have used social media applications to influence consumer
purchasing decisions and attract new clients. It's also important to remember that
today's social media audience is primarily made up of student consumers. They use a
variety of social media sites to consume material. Marketers must analyze how this
group consumes content and how to reach them in the most effective way possible
(Johnson W., 2014).
In a study conducted on a sample of undergraduate students at two Southern
universities, Pate et al. discovered that social networking sites and posts made by their
friends using these sites influence respondents aged 18 to 24. Authors assure that
“Participants would be more likely to purchase items ''liked by friends” on social
networking sites” (Pate et al., 2013). They also state that “When reviewing the
frequency of the purchases of items “liked” by “friends”, the majority of respondents
purchased 1– 5 items” (Pate et al., 2013)
Sangurde R. recently supported the concept that social media impacts
customers' buying behavior in 2019. His research sampled Mumbai's youth, and 122 of
the 233 respondents agreed that social media influences their purchasing decisions.
Furthermore, 127 of the youth admitted to using social media for purchasing, among
other things (Sangurde R., 2019).
The relationship between social media and consumer decision-making shows
that social media influences customer attitudes toward advertising, brand loyalty, and
purchase intentions. It is unlikely to have a direct impact on consumer decision-making,
but it may have a mediating influence (Taining, 2012). Brand views may be shaped
through social media, and this can influence purchasing behavior. A positive image of a
brand or product might influence a customer's buying decision. When a consumer's
social media buddy posts or recommends services or goods, it affects their brand
perception and influences their decision-making.
From the empirical literature reviewed as well as other literature, this study is
taken into account about how social media influences student consumers/ buying
decision making. While the field of social media has become an emerging area of
research within the business discipline, there still exists uncertainty regarding the
extent of the role that various forms of social media has on consumer purchase,
and what items the consumers are purchasing.

VI. ASSESSMENT

1. B

2. B

3. C

4. A

5. D