MODULE in M8AL-IIa-4: Solves problems of linear

inequalities in two variables

What this module is about…

This module is about the application of linear inequalities in two
variables in real life situations. As you go over the different problems you
will apply your knowledge and skills in solving problems of linear inequalities
in two variables. It is a step by step process that you need to follow. The
lessons were presented in a very simple way so it will be easy for you to
understand and be able to solve problems alone without difficulty.

What you are expected to learn…

This module is designed for you to:

1. define a linear inequalities in two variables
2. apply the steps, knowledge and skills in solving the problems
3. graph the given problems of linear inequalities in two variables

How much do you know…

A. Determine whether each ordered pair is a solution of 30x + 35y ≥

825.
a. (12,14) b. (11,13) c. (18,10)

B. Each gift bag has to contain candies and chocolates whose total worth
must not more than Php 30. Each candy costs Php 1 while each
chocolate costs Php 3.

What will you do…

Many students could not solve the problem easily as shown above
because they fail to understand the word problem into a correct equation. As
you go over, you will see that before you solve a word problem, you must
know first the steps in solving the problems of linear inequalities in two
variables.

Steps in Solving word problems involving the systems of linear inequalities in

two variables:
1. Understand the problem.
2. Write the inequalities.
3. Solve the linear inequalities.
4. Graph

1
A linear inequality in two variables can be written in one of four forms:
Ax + By > C ; Ax + By < C ; Ax + By ≥ C ; Ax + By ≤ C
where A, B, and C represent real numbers and A and B are not both
zero.

An ordered pair (x, y) is a solution of an inequality in two

variables if a true statement results when the variables in the equality are
replaced by the coordinates of the ordered pair.

GRAPHING LINEAR INEQUALITIES IN TWO VARIABLES:

1. Graph the boundary line of the region by rewriting the linear inequality
as an equation and solving for the intercepts.

2. If the symbol of inequality is either ≤ or ≥, draw the boundary line as

a solid line. If the symbol of inequality is either < or >, draw the
boundary line as a broken line.

3. Decide which half-plane contains the solution set. Pict a test point that
is on one side of the boundary line. Use 90,0), if possible. Replace x
and y in the inequality with the coordinates of that point.

4. If the resulting inequality is TRUE, shade the side that contains the
test point. If the resulting inequality is FALSE, shade the other side of
the boundary.

REMEMBER:

Use an inequality appropriate for the conditions of the word problem.

1. at most 3 means ≤3 (3 or less)

2. at least 3 means ≥3 (3 or more)
3. less than 3 means <3 (not including 3)
4. more than 3 means >3 (not including 3)

2
EXAMPLE #1:
Determine whether each ordered pair is a solution of 30x + 35y ≥
825.
a. (6,15) b. (10,15) c. (12,16)

SOLUTIONS:
a. (6,15)
30x + 35y ≥ 825
30(6) + 35(15) ≥ 825
180 + 525 ≥ 825
705 ≥825 FALSE
Hence, (6,15) is NOT a solution of the inequality.
b. (10,15)
30x + 35y ≥ 825
30(10) + 35(15) ≥ 825
300 + 525 ≥ 825
825 ≥ 825 TRUE
Hence, (10,15) is a solution of the inequality.
c. (12,16)
30x + 35y ≥ 825
30(12) + 35(16) ≥ 825
360 + 560 ≥ 825
920 ≥ 825 TRUE
Hence, (12,16) is a solution of the inequality.

EXAMPLE #2:
The Anselmos want grilled chicken and tilapia for dinner. Ollette finds
that chicken sells at Php 150 per kilogram and tilapia sells at Php 100 per
kilogram. How many kilograms of each can he buy if the total cost at most
Php 450?

STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM

Let x = the number of kilograms of chicken
y = the number of kilograms of tilapia

STEP 2: WRITE THE INEQUALITIES

Cost of Number Cost of Number
chicken of kg of tilapia of kg of
per kg times chicken plus times tilapia at least Php 450
per kg

150 ° x + 100 ° y ≤ 450

3
STEP 3: SOLVE THE LINEAR INEQUALITIES
150x + 100y ≤450
(Solving for y-intercept: x=0) (Solving for x – intercept: y=0)

150(x) + 100(y) ¿ 450 150(x) + 100(y) ¿ 450

150(0) + 100y ¿ 450 150(x) + 100(0) ¿ 450
0 + 100y ¿ 450 150x + 0 ¿ 450
100 y 450 150 x 450
= =
100 100 150 150
y¿ 4.5 x¿ 3

STEP 4: GRAPH

Since the inequality symbol ≤ includes an equal sign, the graph of 150x +
100y ≤ 450 includes the graph 150x +100y = 450, the boundary line.
Hence, we draw the graph of 150x + 100y ≤ 450, we use a solid line.

To check which half-plane contains the solution, substitute (0,0) in the

inequality.

150x + 100y ≤ 450

150(0) + 100(0) ≤ 450
0 + 0 ≤ 450
0 ≤ 450 TRUE

4
EXAMPLE #3:
Manuel needs to earn at most Php 2,500 from his two jobs to cover his
weekly expenses. His job as a gas station attendant pays Php 52.50 per hour
while his job as parking attendant pays Php 40 per hour.

STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM

Let x = number of hours work as gas station attendant
y = number of hours work as parking attendant

STEP 2: WRITE THE INEQUALITIES

Per hour Number of Per hour Number of
as gas times hour as gas plus as parking times hour as at most Php 2,500
station station attendant parking
attendant attendant attendant

52.50 ° x + 40.00 ° y ≤ 2,500.00

STEP 3: SOLVE THE LINEAR INEQUALITIES

52.50x + 40.00y ≤ 2,500
(Solving for y-intercept: x=0) (Solving for x – intercept: y=0)

52.50(x) + 40.00(y) ¿ 2,500 52.50(x) + 40.00(y) ¿ 2,500

52.50(0) + 40.00y ¿ 2,500 52.50(x) + 40.00(0) ¿ 2,500
0 + 40.00y ¿ 2,500 52.50x + 0 ¿ 2,500
40.00 y 2,500 52.50 x 2,500
= =
40.00 40.00 52.50 52.50
y¿ 62.50 x¿ 47.62

STEP 4: GRAPH

5
Since the inequality symbol ≥ includes an equal sign, the graph of 52.50x +
40.00y ≥ 2500 includes the graph 52.50x +40.00y = 2500, the boundary
line. Hence, we draw the graph of 52.50x + 40.00y ≥ 2500, we use a solid
line.

To check which half-plane contains the solution, substitute (0,0) in the

inequality.

52.50x + 40.00y ≤ 2500

52.50(0) + 40.00(0) ≤ 2500
0 + 0 ≤ 2500
0 ≤ 2500 TRUE

EXAMPLE #3:
Nimfa lives near a beach resort. During summer vacation, she sells
souvenir items such as bracelets and necklaces made of local shells. Each
bracelet costs Php 85 while each piece of necklace costs Php 115. She needs
to sell more than Php 15, 000 worth of bracelets and necklaces.

STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM

Let x = number of pieces of necklace
y = number of pieces of bracelet

STEP 2: WRITE THE INEQUALITIES

Number of more
Cost of Number of Cost of Php 15,000
times pieces of
plus times
necklace
pieces of
than
necklace
necklace
necklace

115 ° x + 85 ° y ¿ 15,000

STEP 3: SOLVE THE SYSTEM OF INEQUALITIES

115x + 85y ¿ 15, 000
(Solving for y-intercept: x=0) (Solving for x – intercept: y=0)

115(x) + 85(y) ¿ 15,000 115(x) + 85(y) ¿ 15, 000

115(0) + 85y ¿ 15,000 115(x) + 85(0) ¿ 15,000
0 + 85y ¿ 15,000 115x + 0 ¿ 15,000
85 y 15,000 115 x 15,000
= =
85 85 115 115
y¿ 176.47 x¿ 130.43

6
 STEP 4: GRAPH

Since the inequality symbol ≥ includes an equal sign, the graph of 115x +
85y > 15000 includes the graph 115x +85y = 15000, the boundary line.
Hence, we draw the graph of 115x + 85y > 15000, we use a broken line.

To check which half-plane contains the solution, substitute (0,0) in the

inequality.

115x + 85y > 15000

115(0) + 85(0) > 15000
0 + 0 > 15000
0 > 15000 FALSE

TRY THIS OUT!

A. Tell whether each ordered pair is a solution to the given inequality.

Write YES if it is and NO if it not.
1. 5x – 2y > 3 _____a. (-1,0) _____b. (1,2) _____c. (2,0)
2. 4x + 3y ≤ 10 _____a. (1,2) _____b. (3,1) _____c. (-1,-2)
3. 3x – 5y < 6 _____a. (-1,-2) _____b. (1,2) _____c. (-5,0)
4. y ≤ 5 _____a. (0,5) _____b. (4,6) _____c. (-2,-1)
5. x > -4 _____a. (-4,2) _____b. (-3, 5) _____c. (-8,-2)

7
 B. Answer the following problems.
1. Jayson needs to buy fruits. A mango costs Php 20 each while a
guava costs Php 15 each. How many mango and guava fruits can
he buy and spend no more than Php 180?
2. Tickets for a play cost Php 250 for adults and Php 200 for
children. The sponsor of the show collected a total amount at
most Php 44,000. How many adults and kids watched the play?
3. Jane is buying squid balls and noodles for her friends. Each cup
of noodles costs Php 15 while each stick of squid balls costs Php
10. How many squid balls and noodles that she needs to buy
less than Php 70?

ANSWER KEY (HOW MUCH DO YOU KNOW)

A. Determine whether each ordered pair is a solution of 30x + 35y ≥

825.
a. (12,14) b. (11,13) c. (18,10)
SOLUTIONS:
a. (12,14)
30x + 35y ≥ 825
30(12) + 35(14) ≥ 825
360 + 490 ≥ 825
850 ≥ 825 TRUE
Hence, (12,14) is a solution of the inequality.
b. (11,13)
30x + 35y ≥ 825
30(11) +35(13) ≥ 825
330 + 455 ≥ 825
785 ≥ 825 FALSE
Hence, (11,13) is NOT a solution of the inequality.
c. (18,10)
30x + 35y ≥ 825
30(18) + 35(10) ≥ 825
540 + 350 ≥ 825
890 ≥ 825 TRUE

8
B. Each gift bag has to contain candies and chocolates whose total worth
must more than Php 30. Each candy costs Php 1 while each chocolate
costs Php 3.

STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM

Let x = number of candies
y = number of chocolates

STEP 2: WRITE THE INEQUALITIES

Cost of Number more
candy times of plus Cost of times Number of than
Php 30
chocolate candies
candies

1 ° x + 3 ° y ¿ 30

STEP 3: SOLVE THE SYSTEM OF INEQUALITIES

x + 3y ¿ 30
(Solving for y-intercept: x=0) (Solving for x – intercept: y=0)

x + 3(y) ¿ 30 x + 3(y) ¿ 30
(0) + 3y ¿ 30 x + 3(0) ¿ 30
3 y 30
= x + 0 = 30
3 3
y=¿ 10 x¿ 30

STEP 4: GRAPH

9
 y x+3y>30

30

25

20

15

10

x
-30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

-30

(TRY THIS OUT)

A. Tell whether each ordered pair is a solution to the given inequality.
Write YES if it is and NO if it not.
1. 5x – 2y > 3 _NO_a. (-1,0) NO__b. (1,2) YES__c. (2,0)
2. 4x + 3y ≤ 10 YES__a. (1,2) NO__b. (3,1) YES__c. (-1,-2)
3. 3x – 5y < 6 _NO_a. (-1,-2) YES__b. (1,2) _YES_c. (-5,0)
4. y ≤ 5 _YES_a. (0,5) _NO_b. (4,6) _YES_c. (-2,-1)
5. x > -4 _NO__a. (-4,2) YES__b. (-3, 5) __NO_c. (-8,-2)

B. Answer the following problems.

1. Jayson needs to buy fruits. A mango costs Php 20 each while a
guava costs Php 15 each. How many mango and guava fruits can
he buy and spend less than Php 180?

STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM

Let x = number of pieces of mango
y = number of pieces of guava

STEP 2: WRITE THE INEQUALITIES

Number of Number of
Cost of Cost of less Php 180
pieces of pieces of
mango
mango
guava
guava
than
10
 times plus times

20 ° x + 15 ° y ¿ 180

STEP 3: SOLVE THE SYSTEM OF INEQUALITIES

20x + 15y ¿ 180
(Solving for y-intercept: x=0) (Solving for x – intercept: y=0)

20(x) + 15(y) ¿ 180 20(x) + 15(y) ¿ 180

20(0) + 15y ¿ 180 20(x) + 15(0) ¿ 180
0 + 15y ¿ 180 20x + 0 ¿ 180
15 y 180 20 x 180
= =
15 15 20 20
y¿ 12 x¿ 9

STEP 4: GRAPH

11
2. Tickets for a play cost Php 250 for adults and Php 200 for children.
The sponsor of the show collected a total amount at most Php
44,000. How many adults and kids watched the play?

STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM

Let x = number of adults
y = number of kids

STEP 2: WRITE THE INEQUALITIES

Cost of Cost of
Number Number less Php 180
tickets times of adults plus tickets times of kids than
for for kids
adults

250 ° x + 200 ° y ≤ 180

STEP 3: SOLVE THE SYSTEM OF INEQUALITIES

250x + 200y ≤ 44, 000
(Solving for y-intercept: x=0) (Solving for x – intercept: y=0)

250(x) + 200(y) ¿ 44,000 250(x) + 200(y) ¿ 44, 000

250(0) + 200y ¿ 44,000 250(x) + 200(0) ¿ 44,000
0 + 200y ¿ 44,000 250x + 0 ¿ 44,000
200 y 44,000 250 x 44,000
= =
200 200 250 250
y¿ 220 x¿ 176

STEP 4: GRAPH

12
3. Jane is buying squid balls and noodles for her friends. Each cup of
noodles costs Php 15 while each stick of squid balls costs Php 10.
How many squid balls and noodles that she needs to buy at least
Php 70?

STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM

Let x = number of pieces of squid balls
y = number of pieces of noodles

STEP 2: WRITE THE INEQUALITIES

Cost Number Number
of
times of pieces plus Cost of times of pieces at least Php 70
noodles
squid of squid of squid
ball ball ball

10 ° x + 15 ° y ≥ 70

STEP 3: SOLVE THE SYSTEM OF INEQUALITIES

10x + 15y ≥ 70
(Solving for y-intercept: x=0) (Solving for x – intercept: y=0)

10(x) + 15(y) ¿ 70 10(x) + 15(y) ¿ 70

10(0) + 15y ¿ 70 10(x) + 15(0) ¿ 70
0 + 15y ¿ 70 10x + 0 ¿ 70
15 y 70 10 x 70
= =
15 15 10 10
y¿ 4.67 x¿ 7

STEP 4: GRAPH

13
PREPARED BY:

EVA LERIA B. TAMAYO

MATH TEACHER
PAKNAAN NIGHT HIGH SCHOOL

RESOURCE(S):
NAME: GLADYS C. NIVERA, Ph. D.
BOOK: GRADE 8 MATHEMATICS: PATTERNS AND PRACTICALITY
SERIES: 2013
BY: SALESIANABOOKS ; DON BOSCO PRESS, INC.
ISBN:978-971-9978-06-0

14