CONDITIONALCLAUSE / IF CLAUSE (KALIMAT PENGANDAIAN)

Conditional sentences are also known as conditional Clauses or If Clauses consist of a Main
Clause and a Conditional Clause. The Conditional Clause usually begins with IF or
UNLESS.

The Conditional Clause can come BEFORE or AFTER the main clause.

There are three main types of Conditional Sentence.

TYPE 1

The first conditional is used to express situations based on the fact in the present or Future
(things which may happen).

 If I work harder, I will pass the exam.

V1/present will + V1/present future
 If he is here, I will be happy.
V1(to be) will + V1

TYPE 2

The 2nd conditional is used to express unreal situations in the present or future. Often used
to express a wish.

 If I worked harder, I would pass the exam.

V2/Past Would+V1/Past future
 If he were here, I would be happy.
V2(to be) would + V1

TYPE 3

The 3rd Conditional is used to express conditions in the past that did not happen. Often used
to express criticism or regret with would have, could have, should have.

 If I had worked hard, I would have passed the exam.

had+V3/Past perfect would have+V3/Past Future perfect
 If he had been here, I would have been happy.
Had+V3 would have+V3

ANOTHER FUNCTION OF IF CLAUSE.

1.IF CLAUSE + REMINDER

If clause can show a warning. Its purpose is to warn about the consequences that must be
done as a result of an event.

If clause Main Clause

If + simple present Have to/ has to/ must + simple present
Ex: If you want to pass the test, You have to study hard
If you don’t want to be late, You must go earlier
2.IF CLAUSE + SUGGESTION

This if clause is used to provide a suggestion regarding the action to be taken if you want an
event to occur. (if clause ini digunakan untuk memberikan suatu saran mengenai action
yang harus dilakukan jika menginginkan suatu kejadian terjadi)

If clause Main Clause

If + simple present
Ex: If you don’t want your mom get mad at
you,
If you don’t want to get sick,
Should/ ought to/ had better + simple
present
You had better finish that homework.
You should take a break.

3.IF CLAUSE + IMPERATIVE

This conditional sentence is used to tell people to take an action.

If clause Main Clause

If + simple present Verb 1 + Object
Ex: If you don’t want to get wet, Get the umbrella
If you want to pass the exam, Study hard

4.IF CLAUSE + GENERAL TRUTH

If clause Main Clause

If + simple present Simple present/simple future
Ex: If you are 17 years old, You are allowed to have an ID card.
If you boil water, It will evaporate.