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English worksheet– year 11

DOM DIOGO DE SOUSA

CONDITIONAL CLAUSES – IF-CLAUSES

Conditional sentences are made up of two parts: the If-clause and the main clause;

Ex: If Joe studies for the exam regularly, he will get good results.
If-clause main clause
Or
Joe will get good results if he studies regularly for the exam.
Main clause if-clause

There are three types of conditional sentences:

TYPE 1: PROBABLE ( the action of the if-clause is quite probable )

To express persuasion/ to give warnings / to make threats

IF + PRESENT + FUTURE (will + infinitive)

Ex: If Susan knows the answer, she will raise her hand to answer the question.

TYPE 2: IMPROBABLE ( the action in the if-clause is unreal/ imaginary or hypothetical)

To speculate

IF + SIMPLE PAST + CONDITIONAL (would + infinitive)

Ex: If all teenagers attended school, they wouldn’t get involved in so many problems.

TYPE 3: IMPOSSIBLE ( the action in the if-clause is impossible _ it already happened)

To express regrets

IF + PAST PERFECT+ CONDITIONAL PERFECT (would have + past participle)

Could/might…

Ex: If Sean had studied for the test, he wouldn’t have got a negative mark.

If not = unless (If… not – means the same as unless)

*introduces adverbial clauses of condition
*has a negative meaning
*can replace if ..... not___ when it introduces an exception to whatever is stated in the main clause
*cannot replace if ... not___ in the 3rd conditional
Unless + verb in the affirmative.
 2 Practice work

I- Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in brackets

1.You (have) to work if you want to succeed.

2.If society (not offer) equal opportunities to everybody, they will form groups.

3.If there (not to be) drug addicts, dealers would not exist.

4.The government (subsidize) certain institutions if it recognized their importance.

5.Teenagers (reveal) their talents if they were given the opportunity.

6.If his father hadn’t left, his mother (not to have) to work extra hours to pay the bills.

II- Rewrite the sentences using conditionals.

1.You forget to do your homework and your teacher gets upset.

If …..

2.The secretary gave us all the necessary information and we completed the form correctly.
If …..

3.Do all of the exercises on the page and make a good impression on the teacher.
If …..

4. Sam slept in, so he missed the bus to school.

If …..

5. Her essay didn’t have correct information because she didn’t confirm her sources.
If …

6. She destroyed the programme because she pressed the wrong button.
If...

7. She wasn’t promoted to the position of director because she is a woman.

If...

8. Susan doesn’t have a facebook account, so she can’t find many old friends.
If...

9. Mac crashed his dad’s car because he drank too much.

If…

10. You prepare yourself for the exams and you get good marks.
If…

11.They learned German to get the position of general manager in a German company.
Unless...

12. To complete the business transaction, you have to learn Mandarin.

Unless...