UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA

(Formerly City College of Manila)

UDM Annex, Plaza Lacson, Sta. Cruz, Manila
College of Education – Technical-Vocational
Task Sheet #5
You will interview an administrator or faculty. This will give you an opportunity to know the importance of
curriculum development.
Be guided by the following:
1. Read and understand the Learning Essentials
2. Complete the timelines by indicating the significant contribution of each person.
3. During interview, ask the teacher or administrator to cite example in each foundation of curriculum
development and give your insights.
4. Based on the different philosophies, create your own philosophy.
5. For purposes of reliability, electronic outputs should be encoded using Century Gothic font size 12.
Handwritten outputs should be rendered in print not in script.
Learning Essentials:
Curriculum development is anchored on a very solid foundation.
• Philosophical Foundations – philosophical foundations of curriculum help determine the driving purpose
of education, as well as the roles of the various participants. While all foundations propose to set goals of
curriculum, philosophy presents the manner of thinking from which those goals are created. This include
Essentialism, Perennialism, Progressivism, Social Reconstructionism, Existentialism, Behaviorism,
Constructivism, Conservatism, and Humanism. Philosophy of the curriculum answer question like:
1. What are schools for?
2. What subject are important?
3. What outcomes should be achieved? Why?
• Historical Foundations – this foundation will show to us the chronological development along a
timeline. Some of the many whom we consider having great contributions are:
1. Hollis Caswell (1901- 1989) who believed that curriculum, instruction, and learning are interrelated.
2. Hilda Taba (1902 – 1967) who helped lay the foundation for diverse student population.
• Psychological Foundations – Psychology provides a basis to understand the teaching and learning
process. Questions which can be addressed by psychological foundations of education are:
1. How should curriculum be organized to enhance learning?
2. What is the optimal level of students’ participation in learning the various contents of the
curriculum?
Complete the timeline by indicating the significant contribution of each person.

TVE 412 – Field Study 2 1 of 4

 UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA
(Formerly City College of Manila)
UDM Annex, Plaza Lacson, Sta. Cruz, Manila
College of Education – Technical-Vocational

Write example or situation based on the different foundations of curriculum on the table below.
Interview Matrix
Foundations of Curriculum Example/Situation
Philosophical Foundations The teacher asked leading questions, which bring the students to think
critically.

Historical Foundations The teacher gave examples of people that shows them models of good
and responsible behavior like social workers etc.

Psychological Foundations The teacher gave examples that the students can understand and not
used examples that the students have knowledge of.

Social Foundations The teacher used issues from the society and related it to the topic.

My Personal Insights
I see Students are a blank sheet of canvas, and with a good teacher, the students can paint a wonderful
masterpiece through educating them with the knowledge. As teachers they are impactful on a student
and should always keep improving and be a role model for the students.
Task Sheet #5

Observe at least three different classes. Pay close attention to what the Resource Teacher does in relation to
assessment.
Be guided by the following:
1. Observe Three (3) class of your Critic teacher and record in the observation ten (10) teaching actions
that reflect her philosophy in education. Describe the details.
2. identify evidence of applications of the principles of assessment.
3. Guided by question/questions, reflect on your experience. Write down my reflection.
4. Make a reflective writing regarding the guiding principles in the assessment of learning
5. For purposes of reliability, electronic outputs should be encoded using Century Gothic and font size is
12. Handwritten outputs should be rendered in print not in script.

My Reflection
As a student, do I remember any incident when any of these principles was/were violated by my teachers? How
did it affect my classmates and me?
TVE 412 – Field Study 2 2 of 4
 UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA
(Formerly City College of Manila)
UDM Annex, Plaza Lacson, Sta. Cruz, Manila
College of Education – Technical-Vocational

If I can recall correctly, the thing that my teacher violated was Assessment tool/activity should match with
performance objective. My teacher was old and for me, he wasn’t fit to be a teacher anymore, he discussed
other topics and gave us exams that aren’t even related and we his students we’re confused out of our minds.
Then when we were complaining he said that he discussed the topic even though he was teaching us more of
what happened in his life.
Observation Sheet: Teacher 1
Name of School:
Grade/Year Level:
Subject Area:
Principles of Learning Assessment Teaching Behavior of the Possible Consequence if Principle
Teacher/Learning Behavior of the is NOT Observed
Learner as Proof of the Application
of the Principle of Learning
1. Assessment is an integral part of The teacher provided a visual for The students might not
the teaching-learning process. his students to understand the understand what the teachers
lesson more. saying and has no way of keeping
up.
2. Assessment tool/activity should The teacher gave a group The student might not retain the
match with performance activity. knowledge if not used in a way.
objective.
3. The results of assessment must The teacher used a grading The student will never know
be fed back to the learners. system to record the students what went wrong and will have
performances. no idea for improvement
4. Teachers must consider The teacher was flexible and The other students might be left
learners’ learning styles and gave the other students who behind.
multiple intelligences and so didn’t understand the lesson
must come up with a variety of examples that are easy to relate
ways of assessing of learning. and understand
5. Give some positive feedback The teacher accepts a student’s If the students get negative
along with not so good ones. answer but says that there are feedbacks all the time, they
better answers. might get tired of answering
6. Emphasize on self- assessment. The teacher grouped students If they performed all at once,
only in 5 so that they can they might have no time to
compare their performances reflect and to compare each
with the others and see what they others differences and strong
are lacking and what needs to be suites.
improved.
7. Assessment of learning should the teacher did give the students the students might lose interest
never be used as punishment or punishment even though the in the lesson because of unjust
as disciplinary measure. students we’re loud during punishments.
discussion.
8. Emphasize on real world The teacher used examples that The students might have a hard
application that favors realistic are relatable and present in the time if the examples are not
performances over out-of- real world. relatable
context drills.
9. Results of learning assessment The teacher should hold a the parents may be angry if they
must be communicated parents and teachers meeting suddenly know that their child
regularly to parents. every now and then failed.

TVE 412 – Field Study 2 3 of 4

 UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA
(Formerly City College of Manila)
UDM Annex, Plaza Lacson, Sta. Cruz, Manila
College of Education – Technical-Vocational

SUBMITTED BY:
SANTOS, KIM FRANZ F.
HRST-42

TVE 412 – Field Study 2 4 of 4