Introduction to Computer Aided Drawing (CAD) Software

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Technical Drafting – Grade 12
1st Quarter – Module 2: Introduction to Computer Aided Drawing (CAD) Software

First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Module

Writers : RAIMAR E. TEJERO

Editors : RAIMAR E. TEJERO
Reviewers : MARIOS S. GREGORIO, ED.D.
ALPHA D. PALCONIT, ED.D.
Illustrator : RAIMAR E. TEJERO
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Lorna C. Ragos, EPS-LRMDS
Jecson L. Cafallas, PDO II
Jeffrey E. Santiago, Librarian II

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TEHNICAL DRAFTING NC II
Introduction to Computer Aided Drawing (CAD)
Software

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This learning material is designed to guide the learner in learning at
their own pace. To start with, talk with the trainer and agree on how to
organize the training for this module. Most probably the trainer will also be
the supervisor or manager. The trainer is there to support and guide the
learner about the correct way to do things. From time to time require the
learner to submit an update with regards to the progress and development
of the activities being performed.

To proceed with the learning session orient the students with the
different teaching modalities to be used along the course. Provide the
students with a module. It is deemed to note that the students must be
required to use a separate sheet of paper every time they ought to answer
some questions presented on the modules.

For the learner:

The entries on every module is designed and composed with a specific

arrangement with high hopes that can easily be understood by the learners.
Using the module, the first part is the lesson objective; this is the part where
the students will be oriented on the things to be achieved on a specific
module. The next part is the pre-test where the students will be asked to
answer some questions in order to measure the prior learning of the
students about the certain topic. Then the lesson will be introduced with
whatever mode of delivery that may see fit to the topic. After the topic is
being discussed the students will proceed to the activities being prepared on
the module. After completing the series of activity the students will now
apply the things that they have learned on a specific job requirement to gain
mastery on the competency. After performing the job requirement the
students will be asked to write a narrative about the essential things that
they have learned on the topic presented on the module. After submitting
the narrative the students will be evaluated accordingly

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 Let Us Learn!

With high self-enthusiasm to learn and self-motivated practice, this

module hopes that the learners will be able to:
1. Discuss the categories of CAD software.
2. Name the basic tool bars to be used in CAD basic
applications.
3. Develop an appreciation on the advantages of using a CAD
software as a designer.

Let Us Try!

Directions: Identify the command icons below. Write your answers on a

separate sheet of paper.

1 6

2 7

3 8

4 9

5 10

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 Let Us Study

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER AIDED DRAWINGS AND DESIGN

For more than 2000 years, engineering drawings have been in use. It
was on the eighteenth century that Gaspard Monge formally introduced the
use of orthographic drawing.
Over the years, engineering drawings have evolved and became
popular. Visual objects transcend languages. Technical drawing also known
as drafting, represents engineering objects. Precision is of utmost
importance since technical drawing communicates all information of the
object. This is the primary reason why CAD is being introduced.
Computer Aided Design (CAD) is used to design, develop and optimize
products. CAD is extensively used in the design of tools and equipment
required in manufacturing process as well as in the construction domain
that is why it is very versatile. Engineers can be able to lay-out and develop
their work on a computer screen. CAD can also print outputs and save draft
projects for future editing and use.

Four Categories of CAD

1. CAD is used to design and develop products, these can be goods

used by end consumers or intermediate goods used in other
products.
2. CAD is also extensively used in the design of tools and machinery
used in the manufacture of components.
3. CAD is used throughout the engineering process from conceptual
design and layout, through detailed engineering and analysis of
components to definition of manufacturing methods.
4. CAD software is used to create plans and construction drawings.

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BASIC TOOL BARS

Toolbars contain buttons that start commands. When you move your
mouse or pointing device over a toolbar button, the tooltip displays the
name of the button. Buttons with a small black triangle in the lower-right
corner are fly out toolbars that contain related commands. With the cursor
over the icon, hold down the left button on your mouse until the fly out
toolbar displays.

1. Drawing Tool Bar

The Draw commands can be used to create new objects such as lines
and circles. Most AutoCAD drawings are composed purely and simply from
these basic components. A good understanding of the Draw commands is
fundamental to the efficient use of AutoCAD.

Icon Command Icon Command

Line Arc

Construction Line Circle

Poly Line Cloud

Polygon Spline

Rectangle Center

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 Block Hatch

Point Region

Text

2. Modifying Toolbar

AutoCAD drawings are rarely completed simply by drawing lines,

circles etc. Most likely you will need to Modify these basic drawing objects in
some way in order to create the image you need. AutoCAD provides a whole
range of modify tools such as Move, Copy, Rotate and Mirror. As you can
see, the command names are easily understandable. However, the way these
commands work is not always obvious.

Icon Command Icon Command

Erase Offset

Copy Array

Mirror Move

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 Rotate Extend

Scale Break

Stretch Chamfer

Lengthen Fillet

Trim Explode

3. Object Snap Toolbar

The Object Snaps (Osnaps for short) are drawing aids which are used
in conjunction with other commands to help you draw accura tely. Osnaps
allow you to snap onto a specific object location when you are picking a
point. For example, using Osnaps you can accurately pick the end point of a
line or the center of a circle. Osnaps in AutoCAD are so important that you
cannot draw accurately without them. For this reason, you must develop a
good understanding of what the Osnaps are and how they work.

Icon Command Icon Command

Tracking From

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 End point Tangent

Mid point Perpendicular

Intersection Parallel

Apparent intersection Insert

Extension Node

Center Nearest

Quadrant Running osnap

4. Dimensioning Toolbar

The correct use of AutoCADs dimension tools is the key to producing

clear and concise measured drawings. If you just need to quickly find a
description of the various dimension commands, click on the appropriate
button on the QuickFind toolbar below.

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 Icon Command Icon Command

Linear Leader

Aligned Tolerance

Ordinate Center Mark

Radius Dimension style

Diameter Override

Angular Continue

Baseline Update

5. Zoom Toolbar

You can pan to reposition the view in the drawing area or zoom to
change magnification.
With the Realtime option of PAN, you pan dynamically by moving your
pointing device. Like panning with a camera, PAN does not change the
location or magnification of objects on your drawing, it changes only the
view.
You can change the magnification of a view by zooming in and out,
which is similar to zooming in and out with a camera. ZOOM does not

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change the absolute size of objects in the drawing, it changes only the
magnification of the view.

Icon Command Icon Command

Zoom window Zoom center

Zoom dynamic Zoom in

Zoom scale Zoom out

Zoom all Zoom extent

Let Us Practice

Open the AUTOCAD software and be familiar on its environment by

performing these basic commands:
1. Use the mouse roller for zooming in and zooming out
2. Use the mouse pointer to display the descriptions of the icon by
simply positioning the mouse point over the icon.
3. Use ESC key to cancel any performed command.

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 Let Us Practice More

Being familiar already with the CAD environment, make a table

showing the command icon, command name, and its description. This table
will serve as your reference in the future activity. See table sample in the
appendices.

Let Us Remember

In preparatory for the next lesson let us remember the principles

applied in designing a residential building that we have learned from our
manual drawing. Draft a sketch of your own designed floor plan of a two
storey residential building.

Let Us Assess

Write a narrative report about a particular study or an action research

involving the essential use of ICT technology.

Let Us Enhance

Make a video presentation performing and narrating your

observation during your familiarization in the auto-cad
environment.

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 Let Us Reflect

CAD Software will let the designer:

 Switch between two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D)

views.
 Zoom in and out for close-up and distant views.
 Rotate images to view them from different perspectives.
 Change the scale of images: When one value changes, related values
are automatically adjusted.
 Manipulate the shape of images: Changing one portion of an image
automatically changes the entire picture.

CAD is also known as CADD, which stands for Computer-Aided Design &
Drafting. CAD. Computer-aided design. Common CAD programs include:

1. Generic CADD (DOS),

2. AutoCAD (DOS and Windows)
3. Claris CAD (Mac), MiniCAD (Mac)
4. DesignCAD (DOS and Windows)
5. Drafix CAD (Windows)
6. Visual CADD (Windows)
CAD programs differ greatly in features, complexity, cost, and hardware
requirements.

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 References

https://www.designtechcadacademy.com/knowledge-base/introduction-to-cad

Appendices:

Template for Let Us Asses

Name:
Year / Course:
Topic:
Author:
Date and Time:
Venue

I. Introduction

II. Knowledge / Learning Acquired

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Template for Let Us Practice More

Tool Bar Table

DRAWING TOOL BAR

ICON
COMMAND NAME DESCRIPTION

Creates straight line

Line
segments

DIMENSIONING TOOL BAR

ICON
COMMAND NAME DESCRIPTION

Creates a linear
Linear dimension
dimension

MODIFYING TOOL BAR

ICON
COMMAND NAME DESCRIPTION
Tracks the cursor along
vertical and horizontal
Tracking
alignment paths from
object snap points

ZOOM TOOL BAR

ICON
COMMAND NAME DESCRIPTION

Display an area
Zoom Window specified by a
rectangular window

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Rubrics for Learning Assessment

Area Criteria Points

5 4 3 2 1
Presentation The narrative The writer shows The writer tells The writer The writer
of Idea shares an an interesting about an needs to focus needs to
unforgettable experience. interesting on one focus on one
experience. The Details help experience. experience. experience.
details make create the More details Some details do Details are
the story truly interest. are needed. not relate to the needed.
memorable. story.
Choice of The writer’s Specific nouns, Specific nouns, Strong nouns, General and
Words exceptional strong verbs, strong verbs verbs and overused
word choice and well-chosen are used. modifiers are words do not
captures the modifiers create Modifiers are needed to create create a clear
experience. vivid pictures needed to a clear picture. picture.
and express create a clearer
clear feelings. picture.
Convention Punctuation The narrative The writing has Some errors Many error
and grammar has a few minor several errors confuse the make the
are correct. The errors in in punctuation, reader. writing
writing is free punctuation, spelling or confusing and
from spelling spelling, or grammar. hard to read.
errors grammar.

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Rubrics for Learning Enhancement

Area Criteria Points

4 3 2 1

Good use of drama and Delivery is patterned, Delivery is in burst Delivery is either
student meets but does not meet and does not meet too quick or too
Pacing apportioned time apportioned time apportioned time slow to meet
interval interval interval apportioned time
interval
Student displays Makes minor Displays mild Tension and
relaxed, self-confident mistakes, but quickly tension, has trouble nervousness is
Poise nature about self, with recovers from them, recovering from obvious; has
no mistakes displays little or no mistakes trouble recovering
tension from mistakes
Use of fluid speech and Satisfactory use of Displays some level Consistently uses
inflection maintains the inflection, but does of inflection a monotone voice.
Voice
interest of the audience. not consistently use throughout delivery.
fluid speech.
Student delivers open Student displays clear Student clearly uses Student does not
and closing remarks introductory or closing either an display clear
Introduction and that capture the remarks introductory or introductory or
closure attention of the closing remarks, but closing remarks.
audience and set the not both
mood

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LET US TRY

Answer Key

1 Line 6 Move

2 Copy 7 Circle

Perpendicular
3 Endpoint snap 8
snap

4 Leader line 9 Break

5 Polygon 10 Hatch

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