Education Period Feature/s Legal Bases Enacted Curriculum

Paradigm Adopted

a. Pre-Hispanic The education of pre-Hispanic Filipinos was fit for the Informal based of Home schooling
period needs of their times. There was no formal schooling. schooling
Rituals and
Parents trained their children informally. Mothers educated
Code of kalantiaw ceremonies are
their female children in housekeeping, weaving, basket-
considered as program
making and other agriculture-related activities. Fathers Based on elderly rule of
that time
trained their male children in hunting, carpentry, the chief in the barangay
agriculture, shipbuilding and mining. Skills taught would For conformity
vary on their industries and locations, whether highland,
lowlands or along seashores.
This kind of education which ancient Filipino children got
was relevant to them as well as to the family and
community. This is because such training was important
for the daily survival of the barangay.

During the early years of Spanish colonization, education

was mostly barurot-oriented and controlled by the Roman
Catholic Church. Spanish friars and missionaries educated
the natives through religion with the aim of converting
indigenous populations to the Catholic faith. 1.Elementary
Educational Decree of
b. Spanish King Philip II's Leyes de Indias (Laws of the Indies) 1863 Education
(Hispanic) Period mandated Spanish authorities in the Philippines to educate  Parochial
the natives, to teach them how to read and write and to school
learn Spanish. However, the latter objective was well-nigh
impossible given the realities of the time. The early friars  Visitas
learned the local languages and the Baybayin script to (chapel)
better communicate with the locals. Although by royal
2.Second education
decree the friars were required to teach the Spanish
language to the natives, they reasoned that it would be  Seminaries –
easier for them to learn the local languages first than trying religious
to teach Spanish to all the population. vocation
The Spanish missionaries established schools immediately  Beaterios – for
on reaching the islands and wherever they penetrated, girls
church and school went together. There was no Christian  Institutes
village without its school and all young people attended.  Colegios
3.Higher Education
 UST –
Collegio de
Sto. Rosario
 1995 – World
youth day –
mass in
Quirino
Grandstand
and UST (Pope
John Paul II)
 Collegioi de
San Jose)
 Japanese educational policies were embodied in Military calendar became
Order No. 2 in 1942. The Philippine Executive longer.
Commission established the Commission of Education,
No summer vacation
Health and Public Welfare and schools were reopened in
for students
June 1942. On October 14, 1943, the Japanese – sponsored
Republic created the Ministry of Education. Under the ClassSizeincreasedto6
Japanese regime, the teaching of Tagalog, Philippine 0
History, and Character Education was reserved for
Filipinos. Love for work and dignity of labor was Removed anti-Asian
emphasized. On February 27, 1945, the Department of opinions, banned
Instruction was made part of the Department of Public singing of American
Instruction. songs, symbols,
poems and pictures
Nipongo as a means of
Renamed by the introducing and
Japanese Executive cultivating love for
Commission, June 11, Japanese culture
c. Japanese Period 1942
Renamed by Japanese
Sponsored Philippine
Republic

An adequate secularized and free public school system

Public School System
during the first decade of American rule was established
upon the recommendation of the Schurman Commission.  Mass
Free primary instruction that trained the people for the education
duties of citizenship and avocation was enforced by the  Elementary
Taft Commission per instructions of President McKinley.
 Chaplains and non-commissioned officers were assigned to Education
teach using English as the medium of instruction.  Secondary
Education
A highly centralized public school system was installed in
 Higher
1901 by the Philippine Commission by virtue of Act No.
Education
74. The implementation of this Act created a heavy
shortage of teachers so the Philippine Commission  Vocational
authorized the Secretary of Public Instruction to bring to Education
the Philippines 600 teachers from the U.S.A. They were
the Thomasites.
Act. No. 74 of the
The high school system supported by provincial Philippine Commission,
governments, special educational institutions, school of Jan. 21, 1901
d. American Period arts and trades, an agricultural school, and commerce and
marine institutes were established in 1902 by the Organic Act Law of
Philippine Commission. In 1908, the Philippine 1916 (Jones Law)
Legislature approved Act No. 1870 which created the
University of the Philippines.
The Reorganization Act of 1916 provided the
Filipinization of all department secretaries except the
Secretary of Public Instruction.
 In 1972, it became the Department of Education and
Culture by virtue of Proclamation 1081 and the Ministry of
Education and Culture in 1978 y virtue of P.D. No. 1397.
Thirteen regional offices were created and major
organizational changes were implemented in the
educational system.
The Education Act of 1982 created the Ministry of the establishment of
Education, Culture and Sports which later became the science
Department of Education, Culture and Sports in 1987 by education system,
virtue of Executive Order No. 117. The structure of DECS accelerated manpower
as embodied in EO No. 117 has practically remained skills training to
unchanged until 1994 when the Commission on Higher respond to regional
Education (CHED), and 1995 when the Technical industrial needs; a
Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) regional agricultural
were established to supervise tertiary degree programs and education programs;
non-degree technical-vocational programs, respectively. emphasis on work-
oriented programs; a
policy of bilingualism;
the National College
Entrance Examination
e. Third Republic in which classifies
the time of students by profession
presidency of: or vocation; and a
Executive order 202,
1. Ferdinand E. Study Now, Pay Later
1969
Marcos
Presidential Decree 6-A: plan which is intended
Educational to help poor but
 Development Decree of deserving students.
1972”

President Corazon C. Aquino signed last October 1989

Proclamation No. 480 “Declaring the Period 1990-1999 as
the Decade of Education for All”. Subsequently,
Proclamation No. 841 “Reorganizing the National
Committee on Education for All Created Under  Adult
Proclamation No. 480, Dated October 16, 1989” and Education
Memorandum Circular No. 141 “Adopting the Education program
for All: A Philippine Plan of Action, 1991-2000 as a Major  Non formal
Social Development Policy and Program of the Education
Government” were signed last December 4, 1991 when the  Technical and
Education for All Program was formally launched by the Vocational
President in Malacanang. Education
With the adoption of the Education for All: Philippine Plan  Physical
of Action as a priority program of the Government, the Education and
Cabinet was directed to devise a system of orchestrated School Sports
resource allocation to ensure proper pooling and  Scholarships
programming of funds in support of the Education for All and incentives
programs.  Free public
education in
elementary and
high school
 ESCS –
Educational
Service
Contracting
Scheme
 SEDP –
 Secondary
Education
Proclamation No. 841
Development
“Reorganizing the
2. Corazon C. Program
National Committee on
Aquino
Education for All
Created Under
Proclamation No. 480,
Dated October 16,
1989” and
Memorandum Circular
No. 141 “ Early child care and
Development program
Ensuring full and unimpeded access by all to both primary
and secondary schools is the most effective way of  TEEP – Third
empowering ordinary people Elementary
Education
Education reform must also develop a curriculum that is
project
strong in Science, Mathematics and Language. It must
 NEAT –
include the enhancement of the conditions of teachers
National
(both livelihood and work).
Elementary
Vocational education and technical training Achievement
Test
 NSAT –
National
Secondary
Assessment
test
 Ten-Year
Master plan for
Basic
 Education
 CET
 PROBE –
Program on
Basic
Education
 Book
Publishing
Industry

RA 8047 – Book
publishing Industry
Development Act – June
,1995
 RA 7722 –
CHED -May 18,
1994
RA 7743 – June 17,
1994 – establishing Curricula, teaching
municipal libraries and methods, instructional
brgy. Reading centers media, education
3. Fidel V. Ramos
technologies,
RA 7731 – abolishing textbooks, language
NCEE (NSAT to NAT) policy and school
calendar in use at the
RA 7784 – Act
elementary and
Strengthen Teacher
secondary levels using
Education by
international
Establishing Centers of
Section1: Presidential Commission on Educational Excellence, Creating a benchmarks.
Reform(PCER), under the Office of the President, which Teacher Education
shall be a multi-sectoral body comprised of representatives Council for the purposes Modernization of
from government line agencies, the University of the science laboratories,
RA 7796 – TESDA
Philippines, the Open University  improvement of
-Aug. 25, 1994
science and
–
RA 7836 mathematics and the
University of the Philippines, public and private schools at feasibility of
RA 7877 establishing regional
all levels, teachers, the agriculture and industry sector, the
information technology sector, state colleges and RA 8190 centers of excellence
universities and concerned sectors. in science education.
RA 8491
RA 8492
RA 8496
RA 8525

Accreditation and
Executive Order No. 46 Equivalency Program
“Establishing the (AEP)
Presidential Accelerated learning
Commission on program for
Educations Elementary Schools
Reform (PCER).” (ALPES)
Schools Health and
Nutrition Center
Health and nutrition
 education
Science teaching has been given enough time allotment National drug
from 300 to 400 minutes each week to promote the culture education program
of science among students. The number of Mathematics
TB Prevention and
laboratory has been likewise increased.
control program
About 600 teachers from both private and public schools
School milk project
have been trained on the new curriculum.
Breakfast feeding
Full Implementation of Basic Education Curriculum (BEC)
program.

4. Joseph Estrada

K to 12 Program

RA 9155 – Governance
of basic education
D.O No. 1, s. 2006 –
Creation and
 Composition of the
student crime
prevention committee
AlS & K to 12
D.O No. 7, s.2006 –
Relterating the
prohibition of the
practice of hazing and
the operation of
fratemities and
sororities in elementary
and secondary schools

Aquino III signed the Enhanced Basic Education Act of D.O No. 41, s. 2007 –
2013, institutionalizing the K to 12 Basic Education Guidelines on the
Program, which covers one year of kindergarten and 12 ultilization and
years of basic education (six years of primary education, liquidation of school
four years of junior high school, and two years of senior based repair and
high school). maintenance fund under
CY.2007 Budget

5. Gloria Arroyo D.O No.43, s. 2002 –

President Rodrigo Duterte has institutionalized the The 2002 Basic
Alternative Learning System in Basic Education for out-of- Education Curriculum.
school children in special cases and adults.
This, after Duterte on December 23 signed Republic Act
No. 11510 also known as the Alternative Learning System
Act which aims to provide adequate, timely, and quality
attention and support to the basic learning needs of out-of-
school children in special cases and adults including Enhanced Basic
indigenous peoples (IPs). Education Act of 2013
(Republic Act 10533)
Under the law, the ALS program is expanded and
strengthened to provide increased opportunities for out-of-
school children in special cases and adult learners,
including indigenous peoples, to develop basic and
functional literacy and life skills, and pursue an equivalent
pathway to complete basic education."
Republic Act No. 11510
6. Benigno Aquino

7. Rodrigo Duterte