ENGLISH 7

MODULE 4
READ THE PASSAGE
CAREFULLY AND
ENJOY LEARNING!!!
 The Zoo
by Larry M. Lynch

Last Wednesday, we decided to visit the zoo.

We arrived the next morning after we
breakfasted, cashed in our passes and
entered. We walked toward the first exhibit.
I looked up at a giraffe as it stared back at me.
I stepped nervously to the next area.
One of the lions gazed at me as he lazed in
the shade while the others napped.
 The Zoo
by Larry M. Lynch

One of my friends first knocked then banged on the

tempered glass in front of the monkey’s cage.
They howled and screamed at us as we hurried to another
exhibit where we stopped and gawked at plumed birds.
After we rested, we headed for the petting zoo where we
petted wooly sheep who only glanced at us but goats
butted each other and nipped our clothes when we
ventured too near their closed pen.
 The Zoo
by Larry M. Lynch

Later, our tired group nudged their way through the

crowded paths and exited the gate. Our car bumped, jerked
and swayed as we dozed during the relaxed ride home.
When talking about an action that happened
in a specific time in the past, you need to use
the simple past tense. However, before using
this tense, it is important to learn the rules in
using it. As with any part of English grammar,
the rules of the simple past tense should be
applied each time it is used to form
grammatically correct sentences. In this
section, you are going to learn how to do this
effectively.
LESSON OBJECTIVES
Indicate past actions using
the past and past perfect
tenses of the verb.

Use the past and past perfect

tenses correctly in varied
contexts.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Verbs have different
forms, called tenses.
The tense of a verb
tells us when the
action happens.
 Simple Past Tense
Shows that an action started and
completed in the past and has no
relevance to the present time at all. It
can also be used to describe how
someone felt, what their emotional
condition was, at a point in the past.
Simple Past Tense

EXAMPLE:

walked took
visited bet
looked froze
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
STRUCTURE
Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs

are verbs that do not

are verbs which are follow the simple
formed by adding - system of adding “d”
d or -ed of the or “ed” to the end of
word. the word to form the
past tense or past
participle.
Regular Verbs
The following are some of the rules for regular verbs.

PRESENT TENSE PAST TENSE

1. For verbs live lived

ending in e, love loved
add d. date dated
agree agreed
care cared

Regular Verbs
The following are some of the rules for regular verbs.

PRESENT TENSE PAST TENSE

2. For verbs ending try tried

in consonant + y, carry carried
change y to i and dirty dirtied
add ed. hurry hurried

Regular Verbs
The following are some of the rules for regular verbs.

PRESENT TENSE PAST TENSE

cross crossed
3. For other verbs,
jump jumped
just add ed. lifted
lift
allow allowed

Examples of Time Expressions

Used with the Simple Past Tense:

yesterday hour ago last weekend

last night last Saturday a year ago

EXAMPLES:

A. She worked hard last night.

S V (ed) time expression

B. The teacher dismissed the class early yesterday.

S V (ed) time expression
Irregular Verbs EXAMPLES:
1. The Hare sat down an hour ago. (sit)
are verbs that do not
follow the simple 2. The Tortoise won the race. (win)
system of adding “d”
or “ed” to the end of 3. He told them to wait in different places
the word to form the along the path. (tell)
past tense or past
participle.
The verbs sat, won, and told are
examples of irregular verbs.
 SOME OF THE COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS

BASE FORM SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

become became become

begin began begun
buy bought bought
come came come
cut cut cut
do did done
Since irregular verbs are commonly
used, you can see and hear them in
almost any types or means of
conversation. One good reminder is
you familiarize yourself with these
irregular verbs through reading
books or other reading materials.
PAST PERFECT TENSE
PAST PERFECT TENSE
Expresses the idea that an action happened before another
action in the past.

Is in a verb phrase formed by combining had with the past

participle of the main verb.

FORMULA: had + past participle of the main verb

 PAST PERFECT EXAMPLES: Using the past
TENSE perfect tense of the verb
Expresses the idea that an action
happened before another action in 1. John had called Ana when
the past. Mary asked her to go out.

had + Past Participle (called)

Is in a verb phrase formed by
combining had with the past participle
of the main verb. 2. After Anna had set an
appointment, Mary called.

FORMULA: had + past participle of the main verb had + Past Participle (set)
PAST PERFECT TENSE
STRUCTURE
PAST PERFECT TENSE
Past perfect tense is formed by using the word
“had + past participle”.

EXAMPLES: had jumped had eaten

had answered had taught
had played had set

In order to better understand the past perfect tense, you can use
“time expression” to emphasize the completed action.
SOME EXAMPLES OF TIME EXPRESSIONS
USED WITH THE PAST PERFECT TENSE
In order to better understand the past perfect tense, you can use
“time expression” to emphasize the completed action.

EXAMPLES:
Already Just
Yet After
For Before
Since Until
 SOME OF THE COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS

EXAMPLES:
1. When Judah went to Palawan, he had written a letter for his Mother.
time expression had + past participle

2. James had arrived at their house before his mother cooked dinner.
had + past participle time expression

3. After Dwight had eaten dinner, he and his brother watched basketball.
time expression had + past participle
 LET'S PRACTICE!

Identify the simple past tense, past perfect tense and the time
expression used in the sentences.
 Mercy had eaten their breakfast
before Juanito asked her to do so.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

 Mercy had eaten their breakfast

before Juanito asked her to do so.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD EATEN

 Mercy had eaten their breakfast

before Juanito asked her to do so.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD EATEN ASKED

 Mercy had eaten their breakfast
before Juanito asked her to do so.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD EATEN ASKED BEFORE

 Michael had finished the movie before
Wynda told him to sleep.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

 Michael had finished the movie before

Wynda told him to sleep.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD

FINISHED
 Michael had finished the movie before
Wynda told him to sleep.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD TOLD

FINISHED
 Michael had finished the movie before
Wynda told him to sleep.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD TOLD BEFORE

FINISHED
 He had broken his eyeglasss before he
told his mother.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

 He had broken his eyeglasss before he

told his mother.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD

BROKEN
 He had broken his eyeglasss before he
told his mother.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD TOLD
BROKEN
 He had broken his eyeglasss before he
told his mother.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD TOLD BEFORE

BROKEN
 He succeeded after he had
worked so hard.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

 He succeeded after he had

worked so hard.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD

WORKED
 He succeeded after he had
worked so hard.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD SUCCEEDED

WORKED
 He succeeded after he had
worked so hard.

PAST SIMPLE TIME

PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD SUCCEEDED AFTER

WORKED
 When the girls had made the
sandwiches, the boys brought the
juice.
PAST SIMPLE TIME
PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

 When the girls had made the

sandwiches, the boys brought the
juice.
PAST SIMPLE TIME
PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD MADE

 When the girls had made the

sandwiches, the boys brought the
juice.
PAST SIMPLE TIME
PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD MADE BROUGHT

 When the girls had made the
sandwiches, the boys brought the
juice.
PAST SIMPLE TIME
PERFECT PAST EXPRESSION
TENSE

HAD MADE BROUGHT WHEN