DIRECT AND

REPORTED
SPEECH
PART 1
LESSON OBJECTIVE:
Use direct and reported speech
appropriately in varied contexts
 Now, let us analyze Ben and Teacher Marie’s conversations.

1.How are the lines of Ben presented? How about Teacher Kara’s?
2. What tense of the verb was used in the lines of Ben? Of
Teacher Kara?
3. Which of the characters used direct speech? Reported
speech? Note that Ken’s lines are original lines based on how the
speaker mentioned it.
They are
enclosed with
quotation marks.
Those lines are
examples of
direct speech.
They are enclosed
with quotation
marks. Those lines
are examples of
direct speech.
 A direct speech is a sentence that gives a
statement or thought in its original form
according to how the original speaker said it.

Examples: “Our classmate is sick and he is in the hospital,” Ken

said. “We visited our classmate in the hospital,” Ken said.
 Now, look closely at
Teacher Kara’s lines. The
quotation marks and the
comma were omitted.
The word
“that” was added. The
tense of the verb was
changed and so with the
pronoun. Those lines are
examples
of reported speech.
 Now, look closely at
Teacher Kara’s lines. The
quotation marks and the
comma were omitted. The
word
“that” was added. The
tense of the verb was
changed and so with the
pronoun. Those lines are
examples
of reported speech.
 A reported speech is a sentence that expresses the
content of a statement without quoting just like what is
done in direct speech.

Examples: Ken said that their classmate was sick and he

was in the hospital. Ken said that they had visited their
classmate in the hospital.
DIRECT AND
REPORTED
SPEECH
PART 2
DIRECT OR REPORTED SPEECH?
Identify whether the following statement is
in direct or reported speech.
 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
02

03

04

05
 DIRECT SPEECH 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
02

03

04

05
 DIRECT SPEECH 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
Lyn said to me, "Did 02
you get home safely?"

03

04

05
 DIRECT SPEECH 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
Lyn said to me, "Did 02
DIRECT SPEECH
you get home safely?"

03

04

05
 DIRECT SPEECH 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
Lyn said to me, "Did 02
DIRECT SPEECH
you get home safely?"

03 She said that her friend had

visited the day before.

04

05
 DIRECT SPEECH 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
Lyn said to me, "Did 02
DIRECT SPEECH
you get home safely?"
REPORTED SPEECH
03 She said that her friend had
visited the day before.

04

05
 DIRECT SPEECH 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
Lyn said to me, "Did 02
DIRECT SPEECH
you get home safely?"
REPORTED SPEECH
03 She said that her friend had
visited the day before.

April said, "Will I 04

pass the test?"
05
 DIRECT SPEECH 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
Lyn said to me, "Did 02
DIRECT SPEECH
you get home safely?"
REPORTED SPEECH
03 She said that her friend had
visited the day before.

April said, "Will I 04

DIRECT SPEECH

pass the test?"

05
 DIRECT SPEECH 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
Lyn said to me, "Did 02
DIRECT SPEECH
you get home safely?"
REPORTED SPEECH
03 She said that her friend had
visited the day before.

April said, "Will I 04

DIRECT SPEECH

pass the test?"

05
Santi ordered Grace
to close the door.
 DIRECT SPEECH 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
Lyn said to me, "Did 02
DIRECT SPEECH
you get home safely?"
REPORTED SPEECH
03 She said that her friend had
visited the day before.

April said, "Will I 04

DIRECT SPEECH

pass the test?"

REPORTED SPEECH
05
Santi ordered Grace
to close the door.
DIRECT SPEECH
In direct speech, message of the
speaker is conveyed and reported in
his actual words without any change.
The exact message of the speaker is
enclosed by qoutation marks "....."
 DIRECT SPEECH 01
Joey said, "I 'am
one in a million."
Lyn said to me, "Did 02
DIRECT SPEECH
you get home safely?"

April said, "Will I 04

DIRECT SPEECH

pass the test?"

REPORTED SPEECH
Reported Speech is also known as
indirect speech. It is report on what
someone else said or wrote without
using that person's exact words. Unlike
direct speech, it doesn't have qoutation
marks.
REPORTED SPEECH
03 She said that her friend had
visited the day before.

REPORTED SPEECH
05
Santi ordered Grace
to close the door.
CHANGING DIRECT SPEECH TO
REPORTED SPEECH AND VICE VERSA
CHANGING DIRECT SPEECH TO
REPORTED SPEECH AND VICE VERSA
When changing direct speech to reported speech, the
following should be observed:

Step 1 1. The quotation mark and the comma are no longer

used in the reported speech.

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

“Grandmother teaches me Julie said that her grandmother

how to cook,” Julie said taught her how to cook.
CHANGING DIRECT SPEECH TO
REPORTED SPEECH AND VICE VERSA
When changing direct speech to reported speech, the
following should be observed:

Step 2 2. Follow the format of the introductory words in

the reported speech: noun/ pronoun + said

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

“Grandmother teaches me how Julie said that her grandmother
to cook,” Julie said. taught her how to cook.
“Grandmother teaches me She said that her grandmother
how to cook, “she said. taught her how to cook.
CHANGING DIRECT SPEECH TO
REPORTED SPEECH AND VICE VERSA
When changing direct speech to reported speech, the
following should be observed:

Step 3 3. The word that is used to introduce the reported

statement.

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

“Grandmother teaches me how Julie said that her grandmother

to cook,” Julie said. taught her how to cook.
CHANGING DIRECT SPEECH TO
REPORTED SPEECH AND VICE VERSA
Step 4 4. The verb form is changed in the direct speech to the
reported speech. a. Present tense to past tense

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

“Dad teaches me how to swim,”
Sheila said.
“The child knows the answer,”
Betty said.
“The fisherman catches fish,”
The boatman said.
Sheila said that her dad taught her
how to swim.
Betty said that the child knew
the answer.
The boatman said that the
fisherman caught fish.
CHANGING DIRECT SPEECH TO
REPORTED SPEECH AND VICE VERSA
Step 4 4. The verb form is changed in the direct speech to the
reported speech. b. Past Tense to Past Perfect Tense

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

“Grandmother taught me how
to cook,” Sheila said.
“The child knew the answer,”
Betty said
“The fisherman caught fish,” the
boatman said
Sheila said that her grandmother
had taught her how to cook.
Betty said that the child had
known the answer.
The boatman said that the
fisherman had caught fish.
CHANGING DIRECT SPEECH TO
REPORTED SPEECH AND VICE VERSA
Step 4 4. The verb form is changed in the direct speech to the
reported speech. c. Present or future modals to past modals

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

“I can dance,” the girl said. The girl said that she could dance.

“The visitor may come in our The teacher said that the visitor
school,” the teacher said. might come in their school.
“They will clean the classroom,” Peter said that they would
Peter said. clean the room.
Refer to the table below which shows present or future modals to past modals:
CHANGING DIRECT SPEECH TO
REPORTED SPEECH AND VICE VERSA
Step 5 5. The pronoun also changes:
DIRECT SPEECH
“Our friend is sick and he stays
at home,” Jay said.
“We visited our classmate in the
hospital,”
Ben said. “You can do this,” my
classmate said.
REPORTED SPEECH
Jay said that their classmate was
sick and he stayed at home.
Ben said that they had visited
their classmate in the hospital.
My classmate said that he could
do that.
 When changing the reported speech back to its
direct speech, follow the steps below:

STEP 1 Example: The class monitor said that the

students were all present.
1. Analyze the
sentence first. The underlined words is the thought
Underline the of the sentence.
thought of the
sentence.
 When changing the reported speech back to its
direct speech, follow the steps below:

STEP 2
2. Capitalize the letter of the first
Example: “The students
word of the underlined words. were all present,” the class
Enclose quotations marks (“”) and monitor said.
put comma before the close
quotation then add the noun/
pronoun + said then put a period.
 When changing the reported speech back to its
direct speech, follow the steps below:

STEP 3 Example: “The students were all present,” the

class monitor said.
a. Change the
verb: past tense to Answer: “The students are all present,” the
present tense; past class monitor said.
perfect tense to
past tense.
 When changing the reported speech back to its
direct speech, follow the steps below:

STEP 3 Example: The girl said that she could dance.

b. Change also the
modal: from past Answer: “I can dance,” the girl said.
to present or future
modal.
Note: Replace the pronoun she with a pronoun I in the sentence.