ENGLISH 8

LESSON 2
LESSON OBJECTIVES
1 Define Citation

2 Use conventions in citing sources

3 Explain the importance of citing sources;

4 Recognize the difference between APA and MLA

citation styles.

5 Create style citations for various sources with

the correct format according to the MLA or APA.
In academic or professional writing, citing
sources of information is imperative. It is an
"etiquette" that encompasses both the social
and moral aspects of writing.
Furthermore, citing sources is done to:

1. Give credit to the author/s of the source/s that you

used for writing project;
2. Provide readers with extended information about your
source/s;
3. Prove that you are credible writer, and
4. Avoid plagiarism.
In this lesson, you will learn the importance of citing
sources when writing a persuasive paragraph, the
difference between the APA (American Psychological
Association) and MLA (Modern Language Association (of
America)) format in writing citations, and how to use
them in writing a persuasive paragraph.
 On October 3rd, 2012, the Philippines Cybercrime Prevention Act (RA 10175)
took effect and, with it, the country instituted criminal penalties for a variety of
online acts, including spamming, identity theft and, most controversially, libel.
However, the law may have had a somewhat unintended side effect -
criminalizing some forms of plagiarism.

https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/1/52091
https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/1/52091
USING CONVENTIONS
IN CITING SOURCES
 What is ...

CITATION?
A citation is a reference to the source of information
used in one’s written work. In academic writing, citing
sources is an important skill one must learn. This
does only not prove one’s honestly, but also gives a
glimpse on how a piece of written work was
constructed.
Moreover, citing sources helps writer to:
1. Avoid plagiarism and maintain academic
credibility;
2. Acknowledge the work of others;
3. Provide credibility to your work and place your
work in context, and
4. Help future researches easily locate sources.
Two of the common styles to follow
when citing sources are that of the

Modern Language Association

(MLA) and the American
Psychological Association (APA).
The Modern Language Association
(MLA)

Citation style is normally used for the

Humanities, like English, History, or
Drama.
 The American Psychological
Association (APA)

This style is used for Social Sciences,

like Psychology, Education, Sociology,
and the like.
 Citing sources is important, especially when one
paraphrase or directly quotes information. When a
source is cited “in the text,” it is often referred to as
an in-text citation.
 In this lesson, we will highlight the use of
parenthetical citation since it is the most common
form of an in-text-citation.
 In this lesson, we will highlight the use of
parenthetical citation () since it is the most
common form of an in-text-citation.
Illustration of Practice #1: Modern
Language Association (MLA)
In the MLA style, the author-page method of parenthetical
citation is followed, as in the example below:

Romantic poetry is characterized by the

"spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings"
(Worthsworth 263)

As you may have observed, only the author's last

name and the page number are used in the MLA
format. A comma does NOT separate them.
 Citation in the given example above, (Wordsworth 263), tell readers
that the information in the sentence can be located on page 263 of a
work by an author named Wordswoth.
If readers want more information about this
source, they can turn to the Works Cited page,
where, under the name of Wordsworth, they
would find the following information:

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. Oxford UP,

(1967)
In case no page number is available, the MLA Handbook
suggests using chapter or paragraph numbers if the
chapter or paragraphs are explicitly included in the
original text. A comma separates the author's name and
the chapter or paragraph number.

EX. (Partos, para.6)

If there is no page, chapter, paragraph, or
section numbers in the original text, then
no numbers should be included in the
citation.

According to Wordsworth Romantic poetry was

marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful
feelings".