3. How long will the objects be shown? A. One week C. Three weeks 4. When will Benjamin Harley give a talk? A. Before the sale begins B. On the first day of the sale C. On the last day of the sale D. After the sale ends What will he talk about? A. Selling art B. Two weeks D. One month w C. African art D. Collecting art Questions 6-10 refer to the following passage. For seven years, Kenshin Oshima had a very good job at the firm Mitsui and Co. But at the age of 29, he did something very rare for a Japanese manager in his position — he resigned. Oshima eamed a good salary at Mitsui, but he wanted to make a lot of money, and to be very rich, He needed to have his own company. He couldn’t afford to start a company immediately, but during his years at Mitsui he spent very little money, and saved as much as he could. In 1978, he invested his money, $236,500 in total, in his new company. Shohkoh Fund and Co specialized in lending money to business, but in small sums. This decision was a risk, as money — lending by private companies was not a respectable job in 1978. His first client was a firm in Tokyo, which paid back the money that it owed at an interest rate of 24%. But his idea was good: his profits rose by 25% a year, and reached $38.5 million in 1992. He owns 80% of Shohkoh, and his shares in the company are now worth $997 million. So, Oshima is now a billionaire, or nearly, but his strategy for the company is still the same: even now he specializes in smaller loans (a typical client borrows only $40,000), and he personally examines the references of every new client. 6. When did Kenshin Oshima join Mitshui and Co? Gat the age of 22 B. At the age of 29 C. In 1978 D. In 1992 981, Why did he resign from his job? A. Because his salary was very high. B. Because he wanted to work for another company. ©ppecause he wanted to eam a lot of money, D. Because his ambition was to become the richest Person in the world. 4, Why didn’t he start his company before 1978? A. Because he spent a lot of. money. B. Because he didn’t want to be rich. (G)Because he didn’t have enough money. D. Because the interest rate on back loans was high. 9. Where did he get his money to launch his business? (ie saved money from his salary. B. He borrowed it from a bank. C.A friend lent it to him, D. His parents gave it to him. 10. What does his company do? A. It owes money. @n lends money. C. It borrows money. D. It saves money. Questions 11-15 refer to the following article and letter. At its annual stockholders meeting this week, Smith & Co. reported that its yearly earnings had tripled from a year ago to $100 million. The earnings increase was attributed in large part to the increase in sales resulting from the rise in popularity of designer fashions for children. Sales predictions for the coming year project that earnings will double during the first two quarters. Other fashion companies are jumping on the bandwagon and starting to focus more on the designer children's-wear market. Expect to see a large increase in this sector over the next few years. ‘April 15, 20_ 1 Finch Sanh &e Brenner Stockbrokers 178 Ballard Avenue Seattle, WA 22044 fi *gi [1020 questions 16-22 refer to the following passage, ws yoshi San is the founder of SOFTBANK, Japan’s leading software distribution compan: ‘the following passage is his account of his career history, " yas bom in 1957 ina small town on Kyushu Island in Japan, My family stayed there until I was early 13, then we moved to Hakata so that I could go to a better school, My family was very and at that time, Korean people were discriminated agai i int am phtata wl igainst, so I used to try and hide the fact But that all changed three years later, when I went to the States to go to high school and university. I stayed there from 1973 to 1979 and my experiences in the US affected my whole way of thinking about life. Before going there, I had been nervous about being Korean and using my Korean name but now I use it all the time. Istarted SOFTBANK two years after I returned to Japan and my first break came when I got a contract to buy software from Joshin Denki. In those days they were the biggest store specialising in PCs in Japan. As soon as people knew I was supplying Joshin Denki, they all started doing business with me and my monthly revenues have gone up every year, and now we distribute 50% of the software sold in Japan. 16. When Mr San started SOFTBANK, he was... A2 B.23 @u D.25 17. Which of the following is TRUE about Mr San? A. He always used his Korean name. B. He always hid his Korean name. C. He used his Korean name before he went to the US and hid it when he returned to Japan. ©@ He hid his Korean name before he went to the US and used it when he retuned to Japan. 18. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Mr San? A. He came from a poor family. He was born in a small town on Kyushu Island in Japan and graduated from university there. C. He moved to Hakata at the age of 13. D. He stayed in the States for 6 years. Uc19. Where did his family live in 1960? A. in Korea (on Kyushu Istand in Japan 20. What influenced his way of thinking about life? A. His days in Hakata B, His return to Japan COs experiences in the US D. His life on Kyushi Island 21. Why did people start doing business with him? A. Because he worked for SOFTBANK. )Because he was supplying Joshin Denki. B. inthe USA D. in Hakata C. Because his monthly profits went up fast. D. Because he distributed 50% of the software sold in Japan. 22, The sentence ‘Korean people were discriminated against’ in paragraph 2 means A. Koreans were treated worse than others in the world. B, Japanese were treated better than others in the world. (©Xxoreans were treated worse than Japanese in Japan. D. Japanese were treated better than Korean in Korea. Practice 4 Questions 1-5 refer to the following magazine article and e-mail message. This year, fewer people went to movie theaters, opting to watch DVDs or videos at home instead. The reason? Renting or even buying a DVD is much cheaper than shelling out for movie tickets and snacks for an entire family. At today's prices, a simple trip to the local movie theater can cost a family of four upwards of $60. Owners of movie theaters are understandably nervous. "This is serious because our profits this year are 25% lower than last year," says Perry Scott of the London Cinema at Notting Hill. "We are working on improving the situation." As the cost for running a movie theater increases, many theaters have decided not to raise their ticket prices. Instead, they charge more for snacks, increasing prices by an average of 50%. This is one of their biggest sources of revenue. Also, theaters encourage customers to buy their ticke's online by offering them free drinks, food, posters, or T-shirts, 1024. What does Alexia suggest giving to online ticket purchasers? A. Drinks C. Posters B. Food D. T-shirts 5. On which day does Alexia want to offer cheaper tickets? A. Monday C. Tuesday B, Wednesday D. Thursday 5/%/ 1090 Questions 6-10 refer to the following passage. Sir Peter Parker is well- known as a top manager. He finally chose a career in business but there were always other things he wanted to do as well. He studied history at Oxford University between 1947 and 1950, but he had many other interests, He wanted to be a sportsman: He played rugby for the university team and for his home town. He also wanted to be an actor and, when he was a student, he acted in a lot of plays. In 1948, be played the long and difficult role of Hamlet. He wanted to be a politician — in the same year, he was a chairman of the University Labour Club. Three years later, he was a candidate for parliament in his hometown, Bradford. He lost the election, but he increased his party's vote. In 1956, Peter Parker organised a big international conference on ‘The Human Problem of Industry’ — the chairman was Prince Philip. He worked as a manager for a number of companies during the 1950s and 1960s, and later became well known to the public as Chairman of British Rail. He joined British Rail in 1976, and left in 1983, he was awarded a knighthood by the Queen and became Sir Peter Parker. He received another award from the Queen in 1993 for his “contribution to public life’. He is currently Chairman of several companies, including Mitsubishi Electric (UK), who appointed him in 1984, He was the first non — Japanese to become a chairman of a Japanese company. He wrote his autobiography, ‘For Starters ”, in 1989, 6. The passage tells us about Peter Parker's ... QAsuceess , muteblngeagtiy C. business D. awards 7. When did Peter Parker become interested in a career in business? A. After graduating from Oxford University, B. When he lost the election in his hometown, ater he had been in different jobs. D. When he met Prince Philip at a conference, 1043, What job did he do in 1956? (Aue organised an international conference. B. He was a manager of a company. C. He was Chairman of Mitsubishi electric (UK). D. He was an actor. 9, What does ‘knighthood’ probably mean in the, ‘passage? a respectable title in society. B. a respectable title in business. C. a high job title in a company. D. a high title in politics. 10, What does ‘the same year’ refer to? chike ue A948 B. 1947 C. 1950 D. 1956 Questions 11-15 refer to the following e-mail message and letter. To: Choi Min From: Head Office Date: July 4, 20_ Dear Min, Thank you for your letter dated July 1 regarding your heavy workload. I was unaware that you were feeling so much pressure this past summer. I guess it all started after Lee quit and you had to take on most of his responsibilities. Unfortunately, we are not in the position to offer you a raise at this time. Because of low sales this year, no one, including management, will be getting a salary review this September. The popularity of home shopping is causing @ lot of competition for retailers in North Jeolla. Tam confident that with your marketing expertise, we will be able to increase our sales next year. By next September, Geum Jewelers will begin opening on the weekends and will be looking for a marketing director. Overtime hours will be available. We will probably offer this position to you when the time comes. Thank you for your patience. Moon f \ 10513. Why can't Kim give Choi a higher salary? A. The company is going out of business. B, The global jewelry industry is in trouble. C. Geum Jewelers had low sales this year. D. Choi hasn't proven that he is a hard worker. 14. What position did Choi hold at Geum Jewelers? A. Sales supervisor B. Floor manager C. Marketing director Cath ta be do D. Jewelry consultant 4. Poo (iz chu her 15. What does Choi say he might do next year? 2. ND bux} cua (Ae : doon A. Apply to be Geum Jewelry's marketing director déu- aecon woe B. Call Lee to ask for his job back a ae) C. Ask his old boss for a reference letter > D. Do some consulting work for Kim ee Z 3, Tap vay doe cac MD tw ates AD cBu he 9/8 /20 20} Questions 16-20 refer to the following passage. What's it like inside Google? It’s a collection of really smart people who think they are creating something that’s the best in the world, according to Peter Norvig, a Google engineering director. Google hires two sorts of engineers. First, it looks for young risk-takers — people who have no fear of going outside the limits of what they know. But it also hires stars, the top brains from the industry - people who know enough to shoot holes in ideas before they go too far. The challenge is negotiating between risk and caution. Google used to have management in engineering and the structure was telling people “you can’t do that”. So Google got rid of the managers. Now most engineers work in teams of three, with project leadership rotating among team members. Wayne Rosing, who heads Google’s engineers, says “It works because the teams know what they have to do. They understand that they are the boss. They don’t wait to be managed.” Its talent allows Google flexibility — the ability to experiment and try many things at once. Their website includes at least ten technologies in development. It wants feedback and ideas. People understand that not everything Google puts on view will work perfectly. Google has said: “We're going to try things and some aren’t going to work”, Failure is good. 107it es and it listens. Tey Google doesn’t market in a traditional sense. Instead, it observ 7 full-time It is that Google has . employees do nothing but read emails from users. The resu! 2 thigy t temporary workers j understanding of its users. Most companies would sooner let porary into the, ir core technology but Goo, executive washroom than let customers anywhere near their Ble takes advantage of engaged customers. Google has no strategie planning department. The CEO Brie Schmidt does not say whicg . The technologies should be developed or which products should be launched. The more Popular ay idea, the more support it wins, the better its chances. 16. What is the reading passage about? (A)How Google tries to encourage innovations. B. How smart Google’s people are. C. How Google negotiates between risk and caution. D. How Google markets its products. 17. Which of the following ideas for encouraging innovations is NOT mentioned in the reading passage? A. Recruiting creative people B. Not punishing mistakes (Rewarding employees who have new ideas D. Reducing the number of layers in the company. 18. Which of the following describes Google’s people? A. They are young and motivated risk — takers. B. They are people who know if something is too risky. C. They are excellent project managers. (D) They are a mix of risk — takers and people who know if: something is too risky. 19. What does the underlined word in “. They don’t wait to be managed” refer to? A. Team members B. Team leaders (CYreams D. Most engineers 108yp. What does the underlined word in “...But it also hires Stars, the top brains from the industry ” mean? A. Thought, memory and feeling B. Intelligence (pee people D. Smart leaders El Practice 5 V0 /0l6 Questions 1-5 refer to the followin; ssage, The company was founded in 1952 by Anthonio Semler and specialised in manufacturing marine pumps. When his son Ricardo took 6ves in 1980, one of his actions was to dismiss 75 per cent of the senior executives. Semco has no job titles, no organisation charts, and no headquarters. If you need an office, you go online and reserve space at one of the few satellite offices scattered around Sao Paulo. Many workers including factory workers, set their own schedules and choose their own salaries. What prevents them from taking advantage of their freedom? First, all the company’s financial information is public, so everyone knows what everybody else makes. Second, associates must reapply for their jobs every six months. Pay yourself unfairly and you could soon be looking for a new job. Finally, employee compensation is tied directly to the company’s profits so there is enormous peer pressure to keep budgets in line. Workers choose their managers, and evaluat them twice a year. The results are publicly posted. Meetings are voluntary; if no one sfowS 0, if means that the topics must be untimely or unimportant. Semco has no receptionists, secretaries, or personal assistants. All employees, including Semler, greet their own guests, get their own coffee, write and send their own correspondence, and make their own photocopies. If allthis sounds like a recipe for chaos and anarchy, consider this ~ Semco's products are so good and its customer service so efficient that 80 percent of its tumover comes from repeat business. Over the last decade, the company’s sales increased by 600 per cent and profitability by 500 per cent. With a current backlog of more than 2,000 job applications, Semco has had less than 1 per cent turnover among its 3,000 employees in the last six years. 109 ST1. What is the reading passage about? (a) see's corpo cue B. Semco’s successful managers 2, What is the impact on company culture of making all financial information public? C. Semco - an unusual company D. Brazilian business culture A. All employees have to reapply for their jobs twice a year. B)Employees won't take advantage when deciding their own salaries C. Employees’ salaries and benefits are directly linked to the company’s profits. D. Workers select their own managers. | What is the impact on employee motivation of allowing workers to decide their own schedules and salaries? < @)Employees are motivated to make the company successful. B. Employees can easily take advantage of this freedom to get better positions. . Workers enjoy moving from one satelite office to another one around Sao Paulo. D. Workers can become top managers of the company. 4. What does the underlined word in “.If no one shows up, it means that the topic must be untimely or unimportant” refer to? A. the fact that the meeting is not important B. the fact that the meeting is untimely © tte fact that nobody comes to the meeting D. the fact that no one shows their interest in the meeting. 5. What does the underlined word in “... Semco has had less than I per cent turnover among its employees in the last six years” mean? A. The amount of business done during a particular period. B. The rate at which a particular kind of goods is sold. (©) Te rate at which people leave an organisation and are replaced by others. D. The number of people who apply for a company’s jobs. Questions 6-10 refer to the following passag One out of every six Americans invests in stocks and bonds. And every single one of them is trying to find out which investment is best. Ideally speaking, the best advice would come from person who knew everything about every company: what the products are, how big the demand is, how big the demand will be, what the overhead is, etc. The list could go on for pages. 110‘That would be the ideal picture. The other end of t he spectrum would be advi advice based on hearsat 'y. ts, then either you have to S are you don’t really have The truth is, if you’re going to take Control of your financial itvesine ni do the research yourself, or find someone else you can rely on. Chance: time to do the research. You're too busy making the money to invest. So how do you know which person or company to trust? How do you know if they are doing their homework? Do some research. Ask some i ‘ yn A 7 aes uabesnene: You see, a good financial advisor will tell you how he ‘comes _up “with his conclusions. He digs for the data. He finds out about a company’s management. He visits factories. He looks at the Potential for demand, watches the local political climate, etc. So, if you really want to take control, you can, but you have to be willing to ask the questions. A good financial advisor is more than willing to tell you why he makes the decisions he does. 6. What is the topic of this passage? A. Which companies to invest in (Brow to choose a financial advisor C. How politics affect company profits D. How to research stocks and bonds 7. What is the purpose of this notice? ‘A. To wam stockholders B. To encourage investment C. To advise investors DY To support independent businesses 8, What makes a good financial advisor? A. Access to multiple stocks and bonds B, A background in politics C. A master’s degree in economics (D)Knowledge of internal and external factors 4g Flow could someone manage their investments? Do research B. Get advice from another investor C. Find a company with a good name D. Follow demand carefully Lh ll+ will be, what the oy : 10. What does the underlined word in “... how big the demand Pethead i, etc. ...” mean? indirect cost ‘A. supply Oil fit B. direct cost D. promt estions 11-15 refer to the following passage: i light i Economists have pointed to the reduction in small airline commuter flights as a sign that the iew of the relevant facts aitline industry is in financial trouble once again. A careful review o° Ne S, however, reveals that nothing could be further from the truth, as the following analysis indicates. The fig, point often cited to support the idea of failure is the recent reduction in the number of commuter flights. Certainly itis obvious to anyone who looks at the figures that the number of commuter flights has fallen by 20% over the past five years. This drop, however, is due to reasons that actually reflect growth, rather than decline, in the airline industry. Many former commuter figs have been absorbed into the schedule of regular commercial flights due to increased passenger demand on those routes. Thus, though commuter flights have decreased, noncommuter flights have increased, reflecting an overall increase in passengers. Second, some former commuter _/ 42. toutes were designated as such only because the smaller airports at the destination could not ep nhan accommodate larger planes. But many growing cities have improved and expanded their airport facilities in recent years to encourage business and tourism in their regions. These physica improvements to the airports have eliminated the need for all flights in these areas to be made in small commuter planes. It is questionable whether such flights should ever have been described as commuter flights, since in these cases the label applied to airport restriction, rather than flight distance or passenger demand. Finally, increased numbers of passengers for short flights have made flying larger planes more economical for the airlines, which means that due to plane size alone these flights are no longer officially considered commuters. Thus, the commuter flight is alive and well, and bigger than it has ever been before. 11. Why do some economists think the airline industry may be in trouble? (A)Commuter flights have decreased. B. The number of passengers is down. C. The rate of complaints is higher. D. Many pilots have resigned. to comnude. dh by prith ony cory AF rock TP vein Lom nee 2 mute : - un: ng aA 12 Commute flight >< CoM mercial Hinfe1. Why has the number of commuter flights fallen recently? ‘A. Fewer people want to fly them. ey have been merged with regular flights. C. Commuter planes are not safe. D. There are not enough planes. 13, How have improvements at airports influenced commuter flights? A. They have made passengers more comfortable. B. They can handle many more flights, C. There are now more airports. (Mey can accommodate larger planes. 14, Why are airlines flying larger planes on these routes? Q@tis more economical. B. It is easier. C. It is safer. D, Itis faster. 15, What does this passage say about commuter flights? A. They have increased. @ They have changed. C. They are more expensive. D. They are quicker. Questions 16 -20 refer to the following passage. When I opened the first ‘Body Shop’ in 1976 my only object was to earn enough to feed my children. Today “The Body Shop’ is an international company rapidly growing all around the world. In the years since we began I have learned a lot. Much of what I have learned will be found in this book, for I believe that we, as a company, have something worth saying about how to run a successful business without giving up what we really believe in. It's not a normal business book, nor is it just about my life. The message is that to succeed in business you have to be different. Business can be fun, a business can be run with love and it can do good. In busines, as in life, I need to enjoy myself, to have a feting of family and to fel excited by the unexpected. I have always wanted the people who work for “The Body Shop! to feel the same way. Now this book sends these ideas of mine out into the world, and makes them public. I'l like to think there are no limits to our ‘family’, no limits to what can be done. I find that an exciting i thought. I hope you do, too. Vit 11316. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this text? A. To tell the reader her life story. (B)7o introduce her ideas tothe reader. C. To explain how intemational companies operate. D. To tell the reader how she brought up a family. 17, What would someone learn from this text? A. How to make a lot of money. B. How to write a book about business. C. What the writer's family is like. What the writer’s book is about. 18, How does the writer feel about the business she runs? A. She doesn't care about success if her children are fed. B, She just runs it for her own entertainment. It is not like any other company. D. Itis likely to become even more successful. 19. What kind of workers does the writer like to employ? ‘A. Workers who can explain her ideas. B. Workers who get on well with the public. © Workers who have the same atitudes as she does. D. Workers who have their own families. 20. What kind of person docs the writer seem to be? (Ashe seems to be someone with strong opinions. B. She doesn't seem to be very confident. C. She is mainly interested in making money. D. She sees running a business as just a job. 114