SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Organization and
Management
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Functions, Roles, and Skills of a
Manager

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Organization and Management
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Functions, Roles, and Skills of a Manager
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Region X – Northern Mindanao.

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Estephen Joses B. Kionisala

Language Editor: Jeremy C. Subaldo

Development Team:
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director

Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V

Assistant Regional Director
Jonathan S. dela Peña, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
Rowena H. Para-on, PhD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD

Members: Neil A. Improgo, PhD, EPS-LRMS; Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., PhD, EPS-ADM;
Erlinda G. Dael, PhD, CID Chief; Maria Teresa M. Absin, EPS (English); Celieto B.
Magsayo, LRMS Manager; Loucile L. Paclar, Librarian II; Kim Eric G. Lubguban,
PDO II

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

i
 Organization and
Management
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Functions, Roles, and Skills of a
Manager

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or universities. We
encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback,
comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at
action@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page No.

OVERVIEW
What I Need To Know 1
Things to Remember To Get Through 1

Lesson 1- FUNCTIONS, ROLES AND SKILLS OF A MANAGER

What I Need To Know 3

What I Know 3
What’s In 4
What's New 5
What Is It 6
What's More 10
What I Have Learned 10
What I Can Do 10
Assessment 11
Additional Activities 11

References 12

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TO THE STUDENT

GREETINGS!
Welcome to the World of Organization and Management!

This module contains learning materials and activities for you to

accomplish. You are required to go through a series of learning activities. If
you’ve got questions, don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for assistance.

This will give you the opportunity to develop your skills in

O r g a n i z a t i o n a n d M a n a g e m e n t according to the Most Essential
Learning Competencies (MELC) developed by the Department of Education.

This module will prepare you to become a competent organizational

manager someday.

HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

In this module, you are going to define the functions, types and theories of
management. You will find activities for you to accomplish and read relevant lessons
in accordance with the essential competencies of this course. Each module contains
a lesson a n d quite a few learning activities which you can do for a week.

In performing the activities to finish the requirements of this module, please be

guided by the following:

1. Talk to your teacher f o r g u i d a n c e and agree on how you both

will organize the training under this module. Read through this module
carefully. It is divided into sections, which cover all the skills and
knowledge you need to successfully complete this second module.

2. Work through all information and complete the activities in each section.
Read the Lesson Information and accomplish the self - checks provided.

3. Please bear in mind that your teacher is always there to support your
learning progress. Do not hesitate to ask question to your teacher. He
can be reached through text or call, where you will be given the
opportunity to ask questions relative to your learning progress in this
module.
4. There might be cases wherein you are to follow some internet links
provided herein to enhance your learning process as part of our “blended
approach” of learning.

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Introduction

In response to the challenges of COVID-19 pandemic, this module is designed

for home study, open and distance learning to equip you, our dear learners with the
essential knowledge, skills, attitude, and values relative to “Organization and
Management.”

This module includes information and activities to develop desirable values,

skills, and understanding through step-by-step procedures and helpful techniques that
will guide you on how to practice “Organization and Management Applications” to real-
life situations and also for lifelong learning.

Overview

The content of this module is designed for non-face-to-face contact with your
teacher. However, it is designed further to provide you with varied and relevant
activities to determine your understanding of the meaning, functions, types and
theories of management. This is crafted to focus on the different activities that will help
you enhance your skills and knowledge necessary to acquire the Most Essential
Learning Competencies (MELC) without coming to school.

I know that you are already excited to get started; however, there are some tips
that you have to remember:

1. Take the pre-test before proceeding to the lessons. This test would measure
your prior knowledge relative to the given lessons.
2. Read the instructions carefully and follow the precautionary measures.
3. Perform simple activities before reading the discussions.
4. Don’t forget to answer the Self-Tests.
5. If you are not sure of the meaning of some words used in this module, feel free
to consult the dictionary.
6. Answer the assessment test so that you will know how much you have learned
from the lessons.
7. This module has a nominal duration of 4 hours equivalent to one week lesson,
though your study is self-paced, you are encouraged to complete all of this
within one week only.

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 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

This second learning module of Organization and Management for Senior High
School students is designed to provide learners with a better understanding of the
basic concepts of management and its theories.
In this module, the students are able to apply functions of management and
concepts in solving business and organizational issues and cases, explain the
meaning, functions, roles and skills of managers through various activities, which
enable the learners to put into practice all the things which are mentioned here.

After studying this module, you will be able to:

1. Describe and discuss the managerial levels of organization;
2. Identify and explain the functions and roles of manager; and

3. Identify the various skills of a manager.

THINGS TO REMEMBER TO GET THROUGH

To learn and benefit from this module, follow the following steps:

1. Read the module title and the module introduction to get an idea of what the
module covers. Specifically, read the first two sections of this module
carefully. The first section tells you what this module is all about while the
second section tells you of what you are expected to learn.

2. Never move on to the next page unless you have done what you are
expected to do in the previous page. Before you start each lesson, read first
the INSTRUCTIONS.

3. Work on the activities. Take note of the skills that each activity is helping
you to develop.
4. Take the Assessment-Test after you are done with all the lessons and
activities in the module.

5. Meet with your teacher. Ask him/her about any difficulty or confusion you
have encountered in this module.

6. Finally, prepare and gather all your outputs and submit them to your teacher.

7. Please write all your answers of the tests, activities, exercises, and others
on your separate activity notebook.

GOOD LUCK AS YOU BEGIN THIS MODULE!

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LESSON FUNCTIONS, ROLES, AND
1 SKILLS OF A MANAGER

Competency:
a. Explain the functions, roles, and skills of a manager. ABM_AOM11-1a-b-3

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

At the end of this lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. Describe and discuss the managerial levels of organization;
2. Identify and explain the functions and roles of manager; and
3. Identify the various skills of a manager.

WHAT I KNOW

True or False
Direction: Write T in your answer sheet if the statement is TRUE and F if it is FALSE.

1. A manager is the one who plans, organizes, leads, and control the people in
the process of achieving goals and objectives of an organization.

2. The manager is not responsible of the economic activities of the organization

through engaging a proper allocation and wise utilization of resources.

3. Top level managers are responsible for implementation and execution of the
organizational plans to accomplish the goal and objectives of the organization.

4. Conceptual Skills are the ability of the managers to identify, analyze and solve
complex problem in the organization.
5. Top level managers are also called as “Corporate Managers” whose
responsibility is to set policies and general direction which includes controlling
resources and to oversee the over-all performance of the organization.

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 6. Human Skills are the abilities of a manager to work and relate well with people
in an organization, communicating, motivating, leading and inspiring the
people to do ordinary things to an extra-ordinary one.

7. The Lower Level Managers are called “Front liners” or the front line managers
whose focus are on controlling and directing.

8. The manager is like a captain of a ship that has authority to command the
crews and other members in order to have a good, sustainable and safe travel.

9. Technical Skills are the capacity to use specialized knowledge and particular
expertise in performing the task through the use of tools and techniques.

10. The top level managers are more on conceptual skills and less technical skills
in the performance of work.

WHAT’S IN

The first module discussed the definition, theories and functions of

management and it was summarized through this acronym “D-D-R-O-T-L-C”
“Delivering Desired Results On Time at Least Cost”

1. What does it mean “Delivering Desired Results On Time at Least Cost”

2. How to deliver the desired results with a minimal cost?

3. Why is it necessary to deliver the desired results with a minimal cost?

WHAT’S NEW

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Activity 1. Let’s try to evaluate your potential of becoming a good manager. Read
every statement carefully and then encircle the corresponding number of your answer.
Managerial Traits or Behavior Strongly Somewhat Somewhat Strongly
Disagree Disagree Agree Agree
I love to work with others. 2 4 6 8
I often make others feel important. 2 4 6 8
I can easily convince people 2 4 6 8
regarding my views and opinion.
I do practice the “Golden Rule”. 2 4 6 8
I am willing to admit my mistakes. 2 4 6 8
I provide constructive criticism only 2 4 6 8
in private.
I often stay close to the 2 4 6 8
work/activity.
I enjoy making a game of 2 4 6 8
Competition.
I can motivate others to be 2 4 6 8
confident.
I always inform and remind people 2 4 6 8
when they cannot meet my
expectation.

Add your scores for all the statements and check the table below for the interpretation.

68-80 points– You have the potential for managerial candidate. (You have strong
characteristic to become a manager in the future)
55-67 points - You are a good managerial candidate. You have qualities of a good
manager
41-54 points – You are an average managerial candidate. You have some qualities of a
good manager. However, you still have traits and skills that you need to improve.
40 points and below – You are below average managerial candidate. Take time to gain
new knowledge and practice new skills. There is more time to practice and improve.

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 V WHAT IS IT

“Driving the wheel to the right direction”

What is a Manager?
He/she is the one who plans, organizes, leads, and controls the people in the
process of achieving the goals and objectives of an organization. In other words, a
manager is the one who performs the basic functions of management. Managers are
called executives just like the president, administrator, department head and a team
leader who has the power or an administrative authority in the organization.
The manager is the person who is responsible in achieving the goals and
objectives of an organization. He is like a captain of a ship that has an authority to give
command and to delegate the necessary tasks to the right crew members in order to
have a good, sustainable and safe travel. The captain has a great responsibility
towards his people-crews and the ship. He is responsible of bringing the ship in the
right direction and destination. Thus, the ship will represent the organization. The
destination is the goal and objectives while the crew members are the subordinates.
During the navigation, the captain will monitor, direct and supervise his people and
assume responsibility for its performance. The success of the expedition or of the
arrival of the ship in the harbor is not only credited to the captain but is also the success
of the people behind.
The manager is also responsible of the economic activities of the organization
through proper allocation and wise utilization of resources; namely, manpower,
money, machine, material and methods. These resources are significant factors in an
organizational development in nation building.

The Levels of Managers

There are different levels of managers according to the size of the organization.
Usually, in a small organization, there is only one manager who performs all the
managerial roles and functions. Let us remember that there is what we call categories
of business organization according to size like the following: 1. Small Organization, 2.
Medium Organization and 3. Large Organization. In an organization, such as big
corporations, they normally have three levels of managers: the top or executive level
of management, the middle management and the lower management.

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 Top
Managers

Middle
Managers

Lower/Front line Managers

Figure 1
Levels of Managers

Top/Executive Level Managers are also called “Corporate Managers”. They are
responsible in setting policies and general direction which includes controlling
resources and overseeing the over-all performance of an organization. The top
managers normally hold titles such as Chief Executive Officers, Chairman, President,
and Vice-Presidents (VP’s).
The Middle Managers (Tactical Managers) are responsible for implementation
and execution of the organizational plans to accomplish the goal and objectives of the
organization. These managers perform at the middle as the bridge between the top
level and low level of management. Usually, they are operation managers and branch
heads or managers.
The Lower Level Managers (Operational Managers) are called “Front liners”,
the front line managers who focus on controlling and directing. They are responsible
for spearheading, motivating, directing and leading employees in their daily tasks to
promote better performance of the organization.
Types of Managerial skills
Delivering desired results on time at least cost is the essence of management and
it can be translated to the effective and efficient performance of management
functions. However, this can be possible if the manager is competent and well
equipped with the essential skills or managerial skills such as the following:
1. Conceptual Skills – It is the ability of the manager to identify, analyze and solve
complex problem in the organization. It is also the cognitive or mental capacity
of the manager to perform the following:
a. Identify cause of problems and opportunities;
b. Gather and interpret information and data;
c. Do an area of consideration through SWOT and PESTLE analysis;and
d. Perform case study and problem solving and decision-making in finding
alternative course of actions which is beneficial to organization.

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2. Technical Skills- It refers to the capacity to use specialized knowledge and
particular expertise in performing the task through the use of specific tools and
techniques. For example, a manager can be expected to have knowledge in
Information Technology, knowledge in accounting to interpret financial
information and other technical works in an organization.

3. Human Skills- It is the abilities of the manager to work and relate well with
people in an organization, communicating, motivating, leading and inspiring the
people to do ordinary things to extra-ordinary ones.
Note that the application of these managerial skills will depend on the category
and levels of management. Figure 2 below shows the pyramid of the comparative
hierarchy of managerial levels and skills. It indicates that the lower manager has
more technical skills and less need of conceptual skills compared to top level
managers who have more conceptual skills and less technical skills in the
performance of work. However, they have the same degree of human skills.
Human Skills are essentials for a manager to become effective in dealing with
his/her people. Managers in this level should be effective in communication
whether oral or written, possessing and creating positive attitude and good vibes
in motivating other people in the workplace.

Conceptual Skills
Levels of
Manager Top Managerial
Level Skills
Human Skills
Middle
Manager
Technical
Skills
Lower Manager

Figure 2
Comparative hierarchy of managerial levels and managerial skills

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The Roles of Manager

The main role of the manager is to lead his organization, unit, team and
department in accomplishing its goals and objectives. The manager will take
responsibility of the organization and functions in the different roles and categories like
the following:

1. Interpersonal Roles – These roles are usually used when a manager interacts
with his people. These include:
a. Figurehead – It means that he performs as the symbolic head of the
organization. His words are expected to be heard and followed by his
people.
b. Leader – The manager is expected to be a good leader whose responsibility
is to motivate his subordinate to do things to achieve something
extraordinary.
c. Liaison- The manager makes linkages with people in and outside the
organization. He is expected to perform and make contact with other
stakeholders of the organization and community.

2. Information Roles- The manager is updated of the things around like news,
information, political and economic trends which are vital to his decision-making
task. He is also considered as coach and mentor. If he wants his people to be
more competent and knowledgeable, then he must provide information for them
to be updated also.
In this category, the manager assumes three (3) specific roles; namely:
2.1. Monitor- It refers to the gathering of information that will be useful in
performing a task or job.
2.2. Disseminator – It refers to relaying the information to others. As
information disseminator, the manager should consider the veracity
and relevance of the information to the work and needs of the people.
2.3. Spokesperson- The manager transfers or transmits the gathered
information to the outsiders when they need it.
3. Decision Roles- It is the manager’s call to make decisions as part of his/her
duties and responsibilities. It is also concerned with the allocation of resources
to reach the organizational goal and objectives.
As a decision-maker, the manager assumes the following roles:
3.1. Entrepreneur – The manager should identify new ideas and innovation
to bring about opportunities and positive change.
3.2. Disturbance Handler/or Negotiator – The manager is expected to
respond to such unwelcome pressures by formulating strategies and
reviewing such disturbance. Negotiator will always defend the
organization’s interest.
3.3. Resource Allocator – The role of a manager in this category is to
allocate resources of all kinds such as manpower, money, machine,
materials and methods.

For Blended Learning:

You may click the link below to enhance your learning process in this lesson:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qBGBJ651ys
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 WHAT’S MORE

Activity 1. Watch the following videos:

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uXkME_VXW3Y
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qBGBJ651ys

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Activity 1. In your own understanding, describe the functions of a manager, the

managerial roles and managerial skills.

Activity 2. Identify the best roles and skills you might have inside your family as the
basic organization.

WHAT I CAN DO

Activity 1. As a student, how do you classify your previous teacher/adviser in

management functions, roles and skills in your school and classroom. Try to think of
the managerial functions, roles, and skills which you like the most in your teacher.
Explain your answer.

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 ASSESSMENT

Instruction: On the space provided for, write your answer for each item below.
1.__________ It is the ability of the manager to identify, analyze and solve complex
problem in the organization.
2.__________ It is the one who plans, organizes, leads, and controls the people in the
process of achieving goals and objectives of an organization.
3.__________ These roles are usually played when a manager interacts with his
people.
4.__________ It is the ability of the manager to work and relate well with people in an
organization.
5.__________ It is the level of managers which is called as the “Front liners” whose
focus are on controlling and directing the people in an organization.
6.__________ the level of managers which is responsible for implementation and
execution of the organizational plans to accomplish the goal and objectives of the
organization
7.__________ It refers to the capacity to use specialized knowledge and expertise in
performing the task with the use of specific tools and techniques.
8.__________ It means that the manager performs as the symbolic head of the
organization. His words will persuade his people and expected to be heard and
followed
9.__________This level of managers is responsible in setting policies and general
direction which includes controlling resources and overseeing the over-all
performance of the organization..
10._________It is the role of the manager to be updated about the things around him
like news, information, political and economic trends vital to his decision-making task..

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 ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

1. Do a research on the life of Mark Zuckerberg. Describe his role in his

company and the kind of managerial skills he used.

REFERENCES:

Roberto G. Medina,2015, Business Organization and Management, Revised Edition,

Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.(RBSI)
Helena Ma. F. Cabrera, PhD, Anthony DC. Altarejos, Phd, and Riaz Benjamin, 2016,
Organization and Management, Textbook,Quezon City, Manila: Vibal Group,
Inc.
Cynthia A. Zarate, 2016, Organization and Management for Senior High School, 839
EDSA, south Triangle, Quezon City, C&E Publishing, Inc.

Internet Sources:

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uXkME_VXW3Y
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qBGBJ651ys

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