ROLLS-ROYCE l!

hU2T
MAINTENANCE
A E R O ENGINE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 30 - Ice and r a i n p r o t e c t i o n

De-icing; ehgine a i r i n t a k e s and p r o p e l l e r s

 M a i n t e n a n c e Manual

DE-ICING; ENGINE AIR INTAKES AND PROPELLERS; DESCRIPTION AND

OPERATION

l. GENERAL (fig 1 and 2)

E l e c t r i c a l de-icing i s provided f o r each engine and oil cooler a i r intake, propeller
and. spinner. The intake lips have a continuous supply fed to them, whilst the
r e m a i n d e r have the supply fed via a cyclic t i m e r s k i t c h . Power supplies a r e fed
f r o m the engine driven a l t e r n a t o r s a t 200 volt 3 phase varying frequency a . c.
(See 24-23 -0).

The de-icing s y s t e m c a n be operated a t two speeds, SLOW o r FAST; v i s u a l indication

of the speed selected i s provided by a flashing l a m p operated by.a two-rate f l a s h e r
unit.

Following a n a l t e r n a t o r failure (not o v e r c u r r e n t condition) .the load t r a n s f e r switch

i s manually closed, bringing about a r e -arrangement of the cycling loads t o avoid
exceeding a c c e s s o r y drive gearbox load limitations due t o the remaining a l t e r n a t o r
feeding the whole de-icing load. When a n o v e r c u r r e n t condition occurs, the load
t r a n s f e r switch i s locked out, therefore no engine and oil cooler intake, p r o p e l l e r
and spinner de-icing i s available on that side of the a i r c r a f t which h a s the failed
alternator.

Switching on the de-icing s y s t e m on the ground reduces the a l t e r n a t o r output t o 150

volts approx. t o avoid overheating the h e a t e r m a t s .

The line c u r r e n t of e a c h a l t e r n a t o r can be checked on an a m m e t e r contained i n the

roof panel. The load to be m e a s u r e d i s selected on a toggle switch.

2. DE-ICING CYCLIC TIMER

The t i m e r unit c o m p r i s e s a n a s s e m b l y of seven cam-operated m i c r o switches
driven by a 115 volt 3 phase a . c. m o t o r through a gear box. Closing s i x of the
seven m i c r o switch contacts e n e r g i s e s remote contactors to supply the appropriate
h e a t e r m a t f o r a pre-determined time i n t e r v a l . The seventh m i c r o switch contact
i s used to control a homing c i r c u i t for resetting the t i m e r unit a f t e r use. A timer
unit i s fitted on each of the p o r t and s t a r b o a r d a l t e r n a t o r panels.

3. TWO RATE FLASHER UNIT

The t r a n s i s t o r i s e d f l a s h e r unit, operated f r o m the 27. 5 volt d. c. supply c o n s i s t s
of t r a n s i s t o r s , diodes, capacitors and r e s i s t o r s connected t o provide e i t h e r one of
two r a t e s of flashing which i s t r a n s m i t t e d to a n indicator lamp. The indicator
flashes a t a slow time i n t e r v a l of approximately one flash p e r second and at a f a s t
time of approximately 3.0 flashes p e r second. One unit i s fitted on each of the p o r t
and s t a r b o a r d a l t e r n a t o r panels.

4. TEST AMMETER
The a m m e t e r h a s a full scale deflection of 250 m i l l i a m p e r e s which i s scaled 0 t o 30
a m p s i n i n c r e m e n t s of five a m p s , and i s operated i n conjunction with a c u r r e n t
transformer.
i
5. CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1 The c u r r e n t t r a n s f o r m e r has a r a t i o of 120:1, so that the a m m e t e r ' r e g i s t e r s a total
c u r r e n t of 30 a m p s a t full scale deflection. Three t r a n s f o r m e r units a r e located on
each of the p o r t and s t a r b o a r d a l t e r n a t o r panels.

TP. 1 30 -20 -0
January 10162 Page 1
 DETAIL 'A'

CONTROL PANEL -
ENGINE DE-ICE TEST -
ENGINE DE-ICE
CONTROL PANEL

PORT ROOF PANEL

DETAIL 'A'
 Maintenance Manual

DE-ICING; ENGINE AIR INTAKES AND PR OPELLERS; DESCRIPTION AND

OPERATION

CONTROL
The de-icing system i s controlled by two p a i r s of t h r e e position ganged toggle switches
labelled OFF, SLOW and FAST, located on the pilots' roof de-icing panel. The
switches control the d. c. supplies to the t i m e r unit solenoid and m i c r o switch con-
tacts, the coil of the main continuous supply contactor f o r the a i r intake l i p heater
mat, the two r a t e flasher unit, and the coils of contactors 48 and 49. Closing of the
t i m e r unit solenoid connects the 115 volt t h r e e phase a . c . supply to the t i m e r unit
motor.

The m a t selector switch, labelled PORT and STARBOARD works i n conjunction with
the phase t e s t switch, labelled A, B and C, to give a n a m m e t e r reading of the c u r r e n t
being used on each phase'when the de-icing s y s t e m i s operating.

With the a i r c r a f t on the ground the port and starboard oleo m i c r o switch contacts
control the output f r o m the alternator control units by energising relays 2 and 56.
With these two relays energised the 150 volt a . c , .tapping i n the alternator control
units now supply the de-icing system.

Two green indicator lamps in the pilots de-icing roof panel flash a t either slow or
fast rate, depending on switch selection. An a m m e t e r i n the pilots' de-icing roof
panel graduated between 0 and 30, gives a reading i n a m p s when the m a t and phase
test selector switches a r e operated.

PROTECTION
The d e - i c e r selector switch circuits a r e protected by 2 7 . 5 volt d. c . circuit b r e a k e r s
66 and 100. The de-icing heater m a t s a r e protected against overheating on the ground
by the action of the port and starboard oleo m i c r o switches completing a circuit to
relays 2 and 56 which when energised bring about a n internal circuit action in the
alternator control units to reduce the output to 150 volt (approx. ) a . c. Relays 2 and
56 asre protected by circuit breaker 68.

The supply to the gnat selector switch c i r c u i t i s protected by fuse 113.

All the above circuit b r e a k e r s and fuse 113 a r e located i n the starboard distribution
panel. '

The 115 volt 3 phase a , c, motor in each d e - i c e r t i m e r unit i e fed f r o m and protected
by fuses 37 and 58 respectively located i n the port distribution panel,

OPERATING INS TRUC TLONS

A. Ground selection
With both engines running and both a l t e r n a t o r s on line.,

(l) Select the port de-icing switch to'SLOW. The port indicator l a m p gives
a steady light till the f i r s t cycled load comes on line. The lamp now
flashes a t approximately 1 flash per second t i l l the 'load comes off line,
when the l a m p gives a steady light again.

TP. 1
December 23 160
 a i ntenarnee Manual

FLASHER UNlT

.................+...............
:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.
.:':S...:..:.:..:.......................
....................................

I l \
DE-ICER TIMER UNIT RELAY 54 RELAY 56

PORT ALTERNATOR CONTROL PANEL

CURRENT

J~~~~~~~~~~~~

- FLASHER UNlT

/- I l
RELAY 2 RELAY I DE-ICER TIMER UNIT

STARBOARD ALTERNATOR CONTROL PANEL

ENGINE AND PROPELLER DE-ICING COMPONENTS

ON &LTERNATOR CONTROL PANELS TRI
FIGURE 2

L
Page 4 June 27/61
 M a i n t e n a n c e Manual

DE-ICING; ENGINE AIR INTAKES AND PROPELLERS; DESCRIPTION AND

OPERATION

(2) Select m a t t e s t switch t o PORT,

(3) Select A, B and C in t u r n on phase t e s t switch. T h e ' a m m e t e r readings
should r e a d between a minimum of 2 a m p s and a maximum of 19 amps,
depending on which p a r t of the timed cycle the c i r c u i t i s operating.
(4) Select the p o r t de-icing switch t o FAST. The port indicator l a m p s gives
a steady light till the f i r s t cycled load c o m e s on line. The ,lamp now
f l a s h e s a t approximately 3 . q ,flashe s a second till the load c o m e s off line,
the l a m p gives a steady light again.
(5) Select A, B and C i n t u r n on phase t e s t switch. The te.st a m m e t e r should
r e a d the s a m e a s f o r slow, when each line i s selected.
(6) Repeat the above procedure (1) to (5) with the de-icing switch selected
t o STARBOARD.

NOTE. .. .
The engine de-icing switch m u s t not be selected ON before switching on
the a l t e r n a t o r s a s this m a y prevent the a l t e r n a t o r output reaching 150
volt a . c .

B. Selection in flight
With the a i r c r a f t i n flight, switch selection i s s i m i l a r , when selecting ON and
checking the a m m e t e r lin'e c u r r e n t , a s when on the ground. The a m m e t e r
readings a r e different due t o a l t e r n a t o r outputs now being 200 volts a . c. the
readings now v a r y between a minimum of 3 a m p s and a maximum of 25 a m p s .

10. CIRCUIT OPERATION ( A i r c r a f t on ground)

I t i s a s s u m e d in the following c i r c u i t operation that both engines a r e running and both
a l t e r n a t o r s a r e on link: As the c i r c u i t action f o r both s y s t e m s a r e s i m i l a r only the
p o r t c i r c u i t i s degc'ribed.(fig. 3).

A. P o r t de-icing switch selected SLOW

~ r o m c i r c u i t b r e a k e r 66, a 27. 5 voJt d. c. supply i s fed t o de-icing switch A
t e r m i n a l 2 and the p o r t de-icing indicator l a m p t e r m i n a l 2 ( p r e s s -to-test).
The supply f r o m de-icing switch A t e r m i n a l 2 i s fed a c r o s s to t e r m i n a l 3, then
t o de-icing switch B t e r m i n a l 2 a c r o s s to t e r m i n a l 1.

(1) F r o m de-icing switch A t e r m i n a l 3 the supply i s fed to p o r t d e - i c e r

t i m e r t e r m i n a l 5 energising a r e l a y coil, which closes i t s contacts and
connects a 3 phase supply f r o m f u s e s 37 ( ~ e and d Blue, Yellow e a r t h )
t o the t i m e r m o t o r which commences t o rotate.
(2) The s a m e d. c. supply i s fed t o r e l a y 56 contacts 3 a - 3 ( r e l a y e n e r g i s e d
by p o r t and s t a r b o a r d oleo m i c r o switches) t o p o r t a l t e r n a t o r control
unit pin G. 1 plug 4, energising two i n t e r n a l r e l a y s (which when operated
bring about a reduction of a l t e r n a t o r output to 150 volts, a . c . See 24-23 -0)
then t o e a r t h via a l t e r n a t o r control unit pin H 1 plug 4 and r e l a y 56 contacts
l-la.
(3) The d. c . supply i s a l s o fed t o contactor 48 t e r m i n a l 3 , i n t e r n a l r e l a y con-
t a c t s t o t e r m i n a l 1, contactor 48 t e r m i n a l 6, internal r e l a y contacts t o
t e r m i n a l 4 then to t e r m i n a l 1 of the p o r t d e - i c e r indicator lamp, which
now illuminates and gives a steady light, until the f i r s t of the d e - i c e r
t i m e r contacts m a k e , then the l a m p s t a r t s flashing.

TP. 1 30-20-0
December 23/60 Page 5
 H#.I GIIIERATOR
IHDlCAtOA CIRCUIT

1 I (1 Ho.2 GENERATOR
INDICATOR ClilNIl

COHTROL PANEL

PELLER h SPINNER

ROTE: PORT SIDE ONLY SHOWH - STARBOARD 5105 SINILAR

 M a i n t e n a n c e Manual
-
DE-ICING; ENGINE AIR INTAKES AND PROPELLERS; DESCRIPTION AND '

OPERATION

The s a m e d. c . supply i s fed t o the coil of r e l a y 3, which e n e r g i s e s and

connects a 150 volt 3 phase varying frequency a . c . supply to the a i r i n -
take l i p h e a t e r iriat, which i s hea$ed continuously whilst de-icing i s
selected on.
F r o m de-icing switch B t e r m i n a l 1 a, 2 7 . 5 volt d . c. supply i s fed t o de -
i c e r t i m e r t e r m i n a l 1 through the c a m closed m i c r o switch contacts
(closed f o r 90 s e c s . ) to t e r m i n a l 4, unenergised r e l a y 54 contacts 6-6a,
contactor 48 t e r m i n a l 3 t o e n e r g i s e the left hand coil of contactor 48.
With the above coil energised, the 150 volt 3 phase varying frequency a . c .
supply i s fed f r o m No. 1 a l t e r n a t o r control unit t o contactor 48 t e r m i n a l s
A l , B1 and C l , through the now closed contacts t o contactor 48 t e r m i n a l s
A3, B3 and C3 t o the propeller and spinner d e - i c e r h e a t e r m a t t e r m i n a l s
2 , 4 and 1.
The 27. 5 volt supply a t contactor 48 t e r m i n a l 3, f r o m d e - i c e r - switch A
t e r m i n a l 3, i s now fed through the e n e r g i s e d contacts t o t e r m i n a l 2 , t o
the two r a t e flasher unit t e r m i n a l 1. The f l a s h e r unit operates and a
s e r i e s of pulses i s now fed v i a t e r m i n a l 3 of the flasher unit to the indi -
c a t o r l a m p t e r m i n a l 1, causing the l a m p t o flash a t approximately once
a second.
After a contact period of 90 seconds, the c a m operated m i c r o switch
contacts open breaking the supply f r o m d e - i c e r switch B t e r m i n a l 1 to the
l e f t hand coil of contactor 48, which i n t u r n opens i t s contacts, cutting off .
the 150 volt 3 phase varying frequency a . c . supply f r o m the a l t e r n a t o r con-
t r o l unit to the propeller and spinner d e - i c e r m a t s . The supply a t t e r m i -
n a l 3 via the i n t e r n a l contacts now m a k e s on t e r m i n a l 1 to give a steady
illumination on the p o r t indicator lamp. The two r a t e f l a s h e r unit i s now
inope rative again.
As the t i m e r c a m s continue t o rotate, the next m i c r o switch i n sequence
c l o s e s supplying a 2 7 . 5 volt d . c . supply f r o m de-icing switch B t e r m i n a l
1 to t i m e r unit t e r m i n a l 1, through the now closed m i c r o switch contacts
(closed f o r 60 seconds) t o t e r m i n a l 3, unenergised r e l a y 54 contacts 8-8a,
contactor 48 t e r m i n a l 1 t o e n e r g i s e the right hand coil of contactor 48.
With the above coil contacts closed a 150 volt 3 phase varying frequency
a . c. supply i s fed f r o m No. 1 a l t e r n a t o r control unit via contactor 48
t e r m i n a l s A l , B1 and C l , through the now closed contacts, contactor 48
t e r m i n a l s AZ, B 2 and C2 to the intake d e - i c e r h e a t e r m a t t e r m i n a l s 2, 4
and 6.
A 2 7 . 5 volt d. c. supply f r o m d e - i c e r switch B t e r m i n a l 1 i s fed via con-
t a c t o r 48 t e r m i n a l 3, through the de -energised contacts to t e r m i n a l 1,
contactor 48 t e r m i n a l 6, through the now e n e r g i s e d contacts t o t e r m i n a l 5,
t o the two r a t e f l a s h e r unit t e r m i n a l 1 . The f l a s h e r unit now o p e r a t e s and
a s e r i e s of pulses i s now fed via t e r m i n a l 4 af the f l a s h e r unit t o the
indicator l a m p t e r m i n a l 1, causing the l a m p to flash a t approximately once
a second.
After a contact period of 60 seconds, the c a m operated m i c r o switch con-
t a c t s open, breaking the supply f r o m d e - i c e r switch B t e r m i n a l 1 t o the
right hand coil of contactor 48, which i n t u r n opens i t s contacts, cutting
off the 150 volt 3 phase varying frequency a . c. supply f r o m the a l t e r n a t o r
control unit to the intake d e - i c e r h e a t e r m a t . The supply a t t e r m i n a l 6
via the i n t e r n a l conta.cts now q a k e s on t e r m i n a l 4 to give a steady
illumination on the p o r t indicator lamp. The two r a t e f l a s h e r unit i s
now inoperative again.

TP. 1
December 23/60 Page 7
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a i n t e n a n c e Manual

. DE-ICING; ENGINE AIR INTAKES AND PROPELLERS; DESCRIPTION AND

OPERATION

P o r t de-icing switch selected FAST

F r o m c i r c u i t b r e a k e r 66, a 27. 5 volt d . c. supply i s fed t o de-icin-g switch A
t e r m i n a l 2 and the p o r t de-icing indicator l a m p t e r m i n a l 2 ( p r e s s - t o - t e s t ) .
The supply f r o m de-icing switch A t e r m i n a l 2 i s fed a c r o s s to t e r m i n a l 3 , then
to de-icing switch B t e r m i n a l 2 a c r o s s t o t e r m i n a l 3.

(1) The c i r c u i t action a s detailed i n p a r a . A, sub. p a r a . (1) to (4).i s s i m i l a r

when the switch i s selected t o FAST.
(2) The 27. 5 volt d . c. supply f r o m de-icing switch B t e r m i n a l 3 i s fed to
the two r a t e f l a s h e r unit t e r m i n a l 2 through the unit t o t e r m i n a l 5, d e - i c e r
t i m e r unit t e r m i n a l 2, through the c a m closed m i c r o switch contacts
(closed f o r 30 seconds) t o t e r m i n a l 4. The c i r c u i t action 'as detailed i n
p a r a . A, sub. p a r a . (5) t o (8) i s s i m i l a r and completes the r e m a i n d e r of the
actions to the propeller and spinner hea-ter m a t s .
(3) As the t i m e r c a m s continue to r o t a t e , the next m i c r o switch in sequence
c l o s e s , supplying a 27. 5 volt d . c . supply f r o m de-icing switch B t e r m i n a l
3 t o the two r a t e f l a s h e r unit t e r m i n a l 2, through the c a m closed m i c r o
switch contacts (closed f o r 20 seconds) t o t e r m i n a l 3. The c i r c u i t action
a s detailed i n para. A, sub. p a r a . (9) t o (12) i s s i m i l a r and completes the
r e m a i n d e r of the actions to the a i r intake h e a t e r m a t s .
(4) With the de-icing switch selected t o f a s t the port indicator l a m p f l a s h e s a t
approximately 3.0 f l a s h e s p e r second when a de-icing m a t i s ' b e i n g heated.
During the period between heating cycles the l a m p gives a steady i l l u m i -
nation.

P o r t de-icing switch selected t o e i t h e r SLOW o r FAST in flight.

With the de-icing switch selected to e i t h e r SLOW o r FAST i n flight, the c i r c u i t
action i n p a r a . A and B i s s i m i l a r except that the port and s t a r b o a r d oleo m i c r o
switch contacts have changed over and r e l a y 56 (pars. A sub-para. (2))is now
de -energised, and the a l t e r n a t o r output of 200 volt 3 phase varying frequency
a . c . i s now fed to the de-icing s y s t e m .

Alternator failure
In the'event of a l t e r n a t o r failure due t o overvoltage, M e r z - P r i c e fault o r a l t e r -
nator overheating., the loads of the failed a l t e r n a t o r a r e t r a n s f e r r e d to the
serviceable a l t e r n a t o r (See 24-23 -0). ,

Should the s t a r b o a r d a l t e r n a t o r fail due to one of the above faults, the load
t r a n s f e r switch i s selected to TRANSFER, and a supply f r o m c i r c u i t b r e a k e r
98 i s fed through the now closed load t r a n s f e r switch t e r m i n a l s 2-1, n o r m a l l y
closed r e l a y 55 contacts 2 -2a, de-energised r e l a y 72 contacts 8 -7 t o the coil
of r e l a y 1, which i s now energised. The s a m e supply i s now fed f r o m r e l a y 1
coil contact C, a c r o s s r e l a y 1 contacts l - l a , to the coil of the load t r a n s f e r
contactor 71 which i s now energised. The 200 volt 3 phase varying frequency
a . c. supply i s now fed f r o m the No. 1 a l t e r n a t o r to the loads normally c a r r i e d
by the No. 2 a l t e r n a t o r via cqntactor 71 contacts. Closing of r e l a y 1 contacts
5-5a and 7-7a cuts off the signals f r o m the s t a r b o a r d de-icing t i m e r unit to
contactor 49.

30-20-0 TP. 1
Page 8 December 23 160
 Maintenance Manual

DE-ICING; ENGINE AIR INTAKES AND PROPELLERS; DESCRIPTION AND

OPERATION

The p o r t de-icing t i m e r unit now controls the whole of the de-icing h e a t e r

sequence. The c i r c u i t operations a s described i n p a r a . A, B and C continue
to operate the p o r t de-icing sequence, a l s o operate a t the s a m e t i m e s i m i l a r
loads on the s t a r b o a r d de -icing s y s t e m via p o r t de-icing ' t i m e r unit contacts
3 and 7, now energised r e l a y 1 contacts 7-7a and 5-5a to the right and l e f t
energising coils of contactor 49 respectively.

The timed sequence loading for both p o r t and s t a r b o a r d de-icing s y s t e m s i s

now a r r a n g e d s o t h a t i t does not exceed a pre-determined figure.

E. Alternator failure over c u r r e n t condition

Should a n a l t e r n a t o r fail due to over c u r r e n t conditions, the coupling contactor
r e l a y 55 i s e n e r g i s e d and the load t r a n s f e r switch i s locked out ( s e e 24-23-0)
thereby loosing the de-icing on the failed a l t e r n a t o r side of the a i r c r a f t . The
serviceable a l t e r n a t o r side of the de-icing s y s t e m will function n o r m a l l y a s
described i n p a r a . A, B and C.

F.- T e s t a m m e t e r
Inserted i n the t e s t a m m e t e r c i r c u i t i s r e l a y 39 which i s e n e r g i s e d when the
m a t s e l e c t o r switch i s placed t o STARBOARD. With the switch selected to
STARBOARD a supply f r o m fuse 113 i s fed through m a t selector switch B
contacts 2-3 t o the coil of r e l a y 39 which i s now energised. Selection of the
phase t e s t switch A, B o r C enables the t e s t a m m e t e r t o be r e a d ( s e e p a r a . 9).

With the m a t s e l e c t o r switch placed t o PORT, r e l a y 39 i s de-energised.

Selection of the phase t e s t switch t o A, B o r C enables the t e s t a m m e t e r t o be
r e a d (see p a r a . 9).

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December 2 3 / 6 0 Page 9
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