CHAPTER 6 - RESTARTING AN ENGINE I N FLIGHT AND EMERGENCIES

CONTENTS

Page

RESTARTING AN ENGINE I N FLIGHT .. .. .. 1

Relighting i n the a i r .. .. ..
AUTO-FEATHERING .. .. .. .. ..
Relighting a f t e r auto-feathering .. ..
MANUAL FEATHER1NG .. .. .. ..
F a i l u r e of manual f e a t h e r i n g .. .. ..
ENGINE FAILURE ON TAKE-OFF .. .. ..
Continued take-of f u s i n g water/methanol ..
Continued t a k e - o f f w i t h o u t water/methanol ..
Continued take-of f i n s t a n d b y mode ( D a r t Mod. 1772)
Abandoned take-of f .. .. .. ..
S i n g l e engine overshoot .. .. ..
/I
PROPELLER OVERS PEEDI NG .. - * . .. ..
SM
1 'l' Alr PROPELLER FLIGHT FINE PITCH STOP FAILURE ..
! FDa
7Av
ENGINE FIRE OR SEVERE DAMAGE/MECHANICAL FAILURE ..
.!
C

In the a i r .. .. .. .. ..
During ground r u n n i n g .. .. .. ..
ENGINE OVERHEATING .. .. .. ..
MECHANICAL AND SYSTEMS FAILURES .. ..
I FLIGHT I N VOLCANIC ASH .. .. .. ..

Contents
Feb. 84
Chapter 6
 CHAPTER 6 - RESTARTING AN ENGINE I N FLIGHT AND EMERGENCIES

RESTARTING AN ENGINE I N FLIGHT

Relighting i n t h e air

O i l temperature - Check above minus 30 deg.C;

Airspeed and a l t i t u d e - No r e s t r i c t i o n
Throttle lever - Closed
L.P. Cock - Check open
F u e l datum i n d i c a t o r
Pre-Mod.1706: - S e t a s o t h e r engine where i n d i c a t e d trim
s e t t i n g i s above 20 p e r c e n t ; i f below,
s e t t o 20 p e r c e n t .
Mod. 1706 : - Set as o t h e r e n g i n e where i n d i c a t e d
t r i m s e t t i n g i s above 50 p e r c e n t ; i f
below, s e t t o 50 p e r c e n t .
F u e l pump s w i t c h - On (low p r e s s u r e warning l i g h t o u t )
Relight switch - On ( i n d i c a t o r l i g h t on)
H.P. Cock
F e a t h e r i n g pump s w i t c h - Hold ON u n t i l e n g i n e r.p.m. b e g i n t o
r i s e then r e l e a s e .
O i l pressure - Checked
Throttle lever - Above 8000 r.p.m. p r o g r e s s i v e l y open
t h e t h r o t t l e l e v e r m o n i t o r i n g T.G.T. and
t o r q u e u n t i l 14,200 r.p.m. i s o b t a i n e d .
(Avoid e x c e s s i v e T.G.T., ideally
m a i n t a i n below 800 deg.C.)
F u e l datum i n d i c a t o r - Set a s required
R Relight switch - Off (indicator l i g h t out) unless i n
moderate o r s e v e r e i c i n g .
NOTE: 1. A T.G.T. --
r i s e may n o t be obvious a t 8000 R.P.M., b u t i t should
b e g i n t o r i s e immediately t h e power l e v e r i s moved from t h e c l o s e d
p o s i t i o n , followed s h o r t l y a f t e r by t o r q u e p r e s s u r e r i s e .
2. -
I f no T.G.T. r i s e i s obvious a f t e r approximately one q u a r t e r
t h r o t t l e opening, t h e p r o p e l l e r should b e r e - f e a t h e r e d and t h e
engine allowed a two minute d r a i n a g e p e r i o d b e f o r e any subsequent
attempt at r e l i g h t i n g . No more t h a n two s u c c e s s i v e a t t e m p t s t o
r e l i g h t should be made e x c e p t i n an emergency.

F-Da7-AV
Nov. 94 @ Rolls-Royceplc 1
Chapter 6
 3. I f t h e r e is evidence t h a t t h e r e l i g h t i s o n l y p a r t i a l , move t h e t h r o t t l e
l e v e r r a p i d l y two o r t h r e e t i m e s between t h e c l o s e d and t h e approximate
h a l f open p o s i t i o n , a v o i d i n g i n i t i a t i o n of t h e a u t o - f e a t h e r i n g system,
and t h e n re-check t h e torque pressures. When c a r r y i n g o u t t h i s a c t i o n
t h e f e a t h e r i n g pump i n d i c a t o r l i g h t may f l i c k e r and c a r e must be t a k e n
t o a v o i d e x c e s s i v e T.G.T. I f a complete l i g h t up is n o t o b t a i n e d
re-feather the propeller.
C AUTO-FEATHERING
.rl
cd
C,
.rl
I 1 a p r o p e l l e r a u t o - f e a t h e r s a t any t i m e o t h e r t h a n d u r i n g t a k e - o f f , c a r r y o u t
&
m t h e manual f e a t h e r i n g d r i l l immediately on t h e f a i l e d engine.
C,
U
Relighting a f t e r auto-feathering
C
.A
I f a p r o p e l l e r h a s a u t o - f e a t h e r e d due t o l o s s of L.P. f u e l p r e s s u r e caused
a by b o o s t e r pump f a i l u r e , e l e c t r i c a l f a i l u r e a f f e c t i n g t h e b o o s t e r pumps, o r
Q,
C,
C
.rl
mismanagement of t h e a i r c r a f t f u e l system, t h e n a h o r m a l a i r r e l i g h t may be
Ll
a c a r r i e d o u t when L.P. f u e l p r e s s u r e h a s been r e s t o r e d .

I f a u t o - f e a t h e r i n g h a s o c c u r r e d a s a r e s u l t of i c e i n g e s t i o n and t h e r e i s no
evidence of mechanical f a i l u r e , t h e e n g i n e s h o u l d be r e l i t immediately.
CAUTION: I F THE REASON FOR THE AUTO-FEATHERING IS NOT APPARENT OR IF A
MECHANICAL FAILURE WITHIN THE ENGINE IS SUSPECTED, THEN AN ENGINE
JK RELIGHT SHOULD NOT BE ATTEMPTED.
Svn MANUAL FEATHERING
FDa H.P. f u e l cock - S e l e c t FEATHER
7Av L.P. cock - CLOSE
F e a t h e r i n g pump s w i t c h - Hold ON u n t i l f e a t h e r i n g complete
SYNCHRONIZER s w i t c h - OFF
Water/methanol master s w i t c h - ON i f c r o s s f e e d i n g , o t h e r w i s e OFF
T h r o t t l e (when t i m e p e r m i t s ) - CLOSE
F a i l u r e of manual f e a t h e r i n g
Should a p r o p e l l e r f a i l t o c o a r s e n when t h e H.P. cock i s p u t t o FEATHER and t h e
f e a t h e r i n g s w i t c h i s s e l e c t e d ON, t h e a u t o m a t i c f e a t h e r i n g system must be brought
i n t o operation a s follows:
1. C l o s e L.P. cock
2. Open t h e t h r o t t l e f u l l y
3. Open t h e H.P. f u e l cock
4. When f e a t h e r i n g i s complete, t r i p t h e f e a t h e r i n g pump c i r c u i t b r e a k e r f o r
t h e a p p r o p r i a t e e n g i n e ; t h e p r o p e l l e r w i l l remain f e a t h e r e d .

Feb. 77 2
Chapter 6
 5. A t touch down c l o s e b o t h t h r o t t l e s t o permit ground f i n e p i t c h t o be
o b t a i n e d on t h e p r o p e l l e r of t h e remaining engine.
NOTE: The above procedure a e r a t e s t h e f u e l system, and t h e engine may run
e r r a t i c a l l y i f re-lit.

ENGINE FAILURE ON TAKE-OFF

Continaed take-off u s i n g water/methanol

1. No a c t i o n should be taken u n t i l s a f e l y a i r b o r n e a s automatic f e a t h e r i n g '

F: should occur Pollowing engine f a i l u r e b u t i f t h e p r o p e l l e r f a i l s t o

.rl
(d
C,
.r( f e a t h e r immediately, i t must be f e a t h e r e d manually.
k
m NOTE: I f a p r o p e l l e r a u t o - f e a t h e r s , t h e manual f e a t h e r i n g d r i l l f o r t h a t
P-

C,
L3 engine should be c a r r i e d o u t a s soon a s p r a c t i c a b l e a f t e r auto-
F: f e a t h e r i n g t o prevent t h e f e a t h e r i n g pump motor burning o u t a s
.rl

P
m i t has only a 3 minute r a t i n g .
C;
C

E 2 . I n c r e a s e t h e f u e l datum i n d i c a t o r p o s i t i o n on both engines by 55 per

c e n t Pre-Mod.1706 (30 p e r c e n t Mod.1706) o r t o 100 per c e n t i f t h i s i s
reached f i r s t , immediately b e f o r e t h e water/methanol pumps a r e switched
off.
SM NOTE: Both f u e l datum t r i m switches a r e placed i n t h e i n c r e a s e d p o s i t i o n
Hsn
FDa t o avoid e r r o r s i n s e l e c t i o n .
7Av
A f t e r s w i t c h i n g o f f t h e water/methanol pumps s e l e c t Intermediate
Contingency power a s f o l l o w s :

either

s e t f u e l t r i m t o 100 per c e n t ( i f t h i s is a v a i l a b l e w i t h i n
t h e Intermedihte Contingency T.G.T. l i m i t of 885 deg.C.1
or
s e t f u e l t r i m t o a t t a i n 885 deg.C. ( i f 885 deg.C. i s achieved
a t l e s s than 100 per c e n t t r i m ) .
NOTE: I t i s probable t h a t a t low ambient temperatures 100 per c e n t
t r i m w i l l be achieved w i t h T.G.T.s of l e s s than 885 deg.C.
w h i l e a t high ambient temperatures t h e engine w i l l achieve
885 deg.C. a t l e s s t h a n 100 per c e n t t r i m .

3
Sept. 78
Chapter 6
 CAUTION: THE INITIAL TRIMMING UP PROCEDURE ON THE LIVE ENGINE MAY RESULT
I N THE WET TAKE-OFF LIMIT OF 875 DEG.C. BEING EXCEEDED.
TEMPERAkRES UP TO 950 DEG.C. ARE PERMISSIBLE PROVIDED THAT THE
DURATION I N EXCESS OF 885 DEG.C. DOES NOT EXCEED 5 SECONDS.
THE ABOVE PROCEDURE MUST ONLY BE USED IN THE EVENT OF ENGINE
FAILURE DURING TAKE-OFF OR SINGLE ENGINE OVERSHOOT.

Continued t a k e - o f f w i t h o u t w a t e d m e t h a n o l

1. No a c t i o n should be t a k e n u n t i l s a f e l y a i r b o r n e a s automatic f e a t h e r i n g
should o c c u r f o l l o w i n g engine f a i l u r e b u t i f t h e p r o p e l l e r f a i l s t o
f e a t h e r immediately, i t must be f e a t h e r e d manually.
NOTE: I f a p r o p e l l e r a u t o - f e a t h e r s , t h e manual f e a t h e r i n g d r i l l f o r
t h a t e n g i n e should be c a r r i e d o u t a s soon a s p r a c t i c a b l e
a f t e r a u t o - f e a t h e r i n g t o p r e v e n t t h e f e a t h e r i n g pump motor
burning o u t a s i t has only a 3 minute r a t i n g .

2. S e l e c t b o t h f u e l datum t r i m s w i t c h e s t o t h e INCREASE p o s i t i o n u n t i l t h e
I n t e r m e d i a t e Contingency power i s o b t a i n e d ( i . e . 100 per c e n t f u e l t r i m
and/or 885 deg.C.) on t h e l i v e e n g i n e a s soon a s p r a c t i c a b l e .
NOTE: Both f u e l datum t r i m s w i t c h e s are placed i n t h e i n c r e a s e d p o s i t i o n
SM
t o avoid e r r o r s i n ' s e l e c t i o n .
Hsn
Continued take-off i n standby mode ( D a r t Mod.1772)
1. No a c t i o n s h o u l d be taken u n t i l s a f e l y a i r b o r n e a s automatic f e a t h e r i n g
s h o u l d occur f o l l o w i n g e n g i n e f a i l u r e b u t i f t h e p r o p e l l e r f a i l s t o
f e a t h e r immediately, i t must be f e a t h e r e d manually.
NOTE: I f a p r o p e l l e r a u t o - f e a t h e r s , t h e manual f e a t h e r i n g d r i l l f o r t h a t
e n g i n e should be c a r r i e d o u t a s soon a s p r a c t i c a b l e a f t e r auto-
f e a t h e r i n g t o p r e v e n t t h e f e a t h e r i n g pump motor burning o u t a s i t
has o n l y a 3 minute r a t i n g .

Aug. 8 1 3A
Chapter 6
. 2. Concurrently w i t h a u t o - f e a t h e r i n g t h e standby system w i l l achieve ' w e t ' power
on t h e s e r v i c e a b l e engine w i t h i n approximately 3 seconds.

CAUTION: I N THE EVENT OF THE STANDBY SYSTEM FAILING TO OPERATE, BOTH WATER/
METHANOL SWITCHES MUST IMMEDIATELY BE SELECTED TO 'ON'.

J u s t p r i o r t o t h e p o i n t i n t h e climb o u t where water/methanol i s t o be

c a n c e l l e d , t h e f u e l datum p o s i t i o n i n d i c a t o r s should be i n c r e a s e d by 55 per
cent re-~od. l706 ( 3 0 per c e n t Mod. 1706) o r t o 100 per c e n t i f t h i s i s reached
first.
NOTE: Both f u e l datum t r i m s w i t c h e s a r e placed i n t h e i n c r e a s e p o s i t i o n t o
avoid e r r o r s i n s e l e c t i o n .

CAUTION: THE INITIAL TRIMMING UP PROCEDURE ON THE LIVE ENGINE MAY RESULT
IN THE WET TAKE-OFF LIMIT OF 875 DEG.C. BEING EXCEEDED.
TEMPERATURES UP TO 950 DEG.C. ARE PERMISSIBLE PROVIDED THAT THE
DURATION I N EXCESS OF 885 DEG. C. DOES NOT EXCEED 5 SECONDS.
THE ABOVE PROCEDURE MUST ONLY BE USED IN THE EVENT OF ENGINE
FAILURE DURING TAKE-OFF OR SINGLE ENGINE OVERSHOOT.

3. When t h e water/methanol pumps have been switched o f f , a d j u s t t h e f u e l t r i m

s e t t i n g s t o e n s u r e e i t h e r 100 per c e n t o r a T. G. T. of 885 deg.C. as a p p r o p r i a t e .
NOTE: I t i s probable t h a t a t low ambient temperatures 100 per c e n t t r i m w i l l
be achieved w i t h T.G.T.s of less t h a n 885 deg.C. w h i l e a t h i g h ambient
t e m p e r a t u r e s t h e e n g i n e w i l l a c h i e v e 885 deg.C. a t less than 100 per
cent t r i m .

Abandoned t a k e - o f f
Immediate a c t i o n :
Throttles - CLOSE
F. F. P. STOP l e v e r - WITHDRAWN: t h i s w i l l e n s u r e maximum d r a g
Do n o t f e a t h e r
S i n g l e e n g i n e overshoot
I n t h e e v e n t of a ' d r y ' s i n g l e engine overshoot, s e l e c t f u l l t h r o t t l e on t h e
l i v e e n g i n e and re-trim t o o b t a i n I n t e r m e d i a t e Contingency power ( i . e . 100 per
c e n t f u e l t r i m o r 885 deg.C.1.

Aug. 81 3B
Chapter 6
 For a 'wet' single engine overshoot, select full throttle in the live engine,
retaining the fuel trimmers at 'trim for the day' until the point on the climb
out where the water/methanol is to be cancelled. Just prior to this point,
increase fuel trim 55 per cent Pre-Mod.1706 (30 per cent Mod.1706) or to 100
per cent if this is reached first. When the water/methanol pumps are switched
off adjust the fuel trimmers to ensure 100 per cent or a T.G. T. of 885 deg.C.
as appropriate.
d
.rl
rd PROPELI3?,R OVERSPEED ING
C,
.,-l

G If a propeller shows any signs of obvious malfunctioning or overspeeding (see

C,
U
Operating data - General, Chapter 3 and NOTE 1 below), carry out the'following
C procedure immediately.
0 :
Q,

C,
1. Feather the propeller of the affected engine by rapidly moving the H.P.
C
rl cock to FEATHER.
k
a
CAUTION: M) -
NOT TOUCH THE THROTTLE: OF THE AFFECTED ENGINE.

2. Reduce airspeed to prevent possible overspeeding of the propeller.

3. After the propeller has feathered, close the throttle of the affected
engine. Complete the feathering drill.

SM NOTE: 1. While 17,000 r.p.m. is the overspeed limit for 20 seconds, any r.p.m.
Hsn above 15,000 for full throttle, or that normal for part throttle,
FDa
7Av lasting for more than a few seconds could be considered an overspeed
and, if there is any doubt, the propeller should be feathered.

2. Propeller windmilling characteristics are a function of true airspeed

and descending to a lower altitude will give a slower rotation for the
same indicated airspeed. Therefore in any cases of failure to feather,
it is essential to reduce airspeed and height as quickly as possible.

PROPELLE!R FLIGHT FINE PITCH STOP FAILURE

If, for any reason, the flight fine pitch stop removed warning lights or the
below flight fine pitch stop warning lights come on in the air, check that the
F.F.P. STOP lever is in the ENGAGED position.

If the F.F.P. STOP lever is in the ENGAGED position, and the warning lights
remain on, changes of power should be made with great care.

During the approach to land, although the pitch coarsening system should still
be effective, sufficient power should be maintained to ensure that the propeller
is kept above the flight fine blade angle.
Aug.81 - - 4
Chapter 6
 1/ In t h e a i r
ENGINE FIRE OR SEVERF: DAMAGE/MECHANICAL FAILURE

H.P. cock - S e l e c t FEATHER ( t h i s a l s o t u r n s

OFF f u e l and w a t e r / m e t h a n o l )

L.P. cock - CLOSE

F e a t h e r i n g pump s w i t c h - Hold ON u n t i l f e a t h e r i n g c o m p l e t e

SYNCHRONIZER s w i t c h - OFF
Water/methanol m a s t e r s w i t c h - ON i f c r o s s f e e d i n g , o t h e r w i s e OFF
When f e a t h e r i n g d r i l l is c o m p l e t e d :

F i r e extinguisher switch - SELECT 1st SHOT

T h r o t t l e (when t i m e p e r m i t s ) - CLOSE

I n t h e e v e n t of a f i r e w a r n i n g l i g h t n o t g o i n g o u t a f t e r 45 s e c o n d s , s e l e c t
second s h o t .

WARNING: AN ENGINE MUST NOT BE RESTARTED AFTER A FIRE WARNING; THE L.P. FUEL
COCK MUST NOT BE RE-OPENED.

D u r i n g ground r u n n i n g

H.P. cock . - S e l e c t FEATHER ( T h i s a l s o t u r n s OFF

f u e l and w a t e r / m e t h a n o l )

I f t h e s t a r t e r motor i s r u n n i n g , p u t t h e s t a r t e r m a s t e r s w i t c h t o SAFE.
Hsn
FDa
7A v
L.P. cock - CLOSE
h13 Feathering switch - Hold ON u n t i l f e a t h e r i n g c o m p l e t e
An
When f e a t h e r i n g d r i l l i s c o m p l e t e d :
F i r e extinguisher switch - SELECT 1st SHOT

I f t h e o t h e r e n g i n e i s r u n n i n g , t h e p r o p e l l e r of t h a t e n g i n e must a l s o be
f e a t h e r e d t o f a c i l i t a t e ground f i r e f i g h t i n g .

WARKING: AN ENGINE MUST NOT BE RESTARTED AFTER A FIRE WARNING; THE L.P. COCK

MUST NOT BE RE-OPENED.

J u n e 80 5
Chapter 6
 T h i s w i l l be i n d i c a t e d b y an ENGINE OVERHEAT w a r n i n g l i g h t .

H.P. cock - Select FEATHER

L.P. cock - CMSE
Feathering p u m p s w i t c h - H o l d ON u n t i l f e a t h e r i n g c o m p l e t e
SYNCHRONIZER s w i t c h - OFF
~ a t e r / m e t h a n o lm a s t e r s w i t c h - ON if c r o s s f e e d i n g , o t h e r w i s e OFF

K e e p close o b s e r v a t i o n on t h e NACELLE F I R E w a r n i n g l i g h t .

WARNING: 1. THE F I R E EXTINGUISHER IS NOT TO BE USED FOR ENGINE OVERHEAT

WARNING.

2. AN ENGINE MUST NOT B E RESTARTED AFTER AN ENGINE OVERHEAT WARNING

AND THE L . P . COCK MUST NOT BE MOVED TO 'OPEN' U N T I L THE CAUSE OF
THE WARNING HAS BEEN TRACED AND R E C T I F I E D .

SM
H sn
FDa
7Av C o n t i n u e d on page 7

6
Chapter 6
 MECHANICAL AND SYSTEMS FAILURES

On t h e ground

SYMPTOM ACTION

I I d l i n g r.p.m. incorrect S h a r p l y open t h e THROTTLE l e v e r one

i n c h approx., t h e n c l o s e l
I n flight

SYMPTOM ACT ION

Sudden drop i n T.G.T. Check f u e l f l o w and t o r q u e p r e s s u r e

I f t h e f u e l flow has d e c r e a s e d ,
r e s t o r e power by t r i m and monitor

I f f u e l flow and t o r q u e normal,

t h i s i n d i c a t e s p o s s i b l e T. G. T.
instrumentation f a u l t

Trim t o f u l l d e c r e a s e t o p r e v e n t
damage t o e n g i n e

For l a n d i n g t r i m u p t o 70% and

s e l e c t water/me than01 pumps on

Repeated f l u c t u a t i o n of T.G.T. I f . f l u c t u a t i o n s o c c u r w i t h a swing

(as opposed t o f l i c k e r ) g r e a t e r t h a n 4 0 deg.C. and a r e
accompanied b y f l u c t u a t i o n s i n
t o r q u e and f u e l f l o w - FEATHER

O i l pressure:
1. F l u c t u a t i o n 1. Monitor o i l temperature
2. High ( p o s s i b l e a d d i t i o n a l symptoms; 2. FEATHER
r.p.m. drop, low t o r q u e , and T.G.T.
rise)
3. F a l l 3. FEATHER

Torque p r e s s u r e :
1. F l u c t u a t i o n 1. Reduce power by 4 0 t o 50 p . s . i .
torque pressure. If fluctuation
c e a s e s , reset power; i f n o t ,
FEATHER.
2. Sudden d r o p o r unexplained 2. FEATHER
f all-off

S e p t . 78 7
Chapter 6
I
Throttle seizure:
SYMPTOM

Affected engine :
ACTION
lI
When c o n d i t i o n s demand t h e continuous S e l e c t RELIGHT s w i t c h t o ON ( 3
use of f u e l h e a t i n g ( i . e . f u e l minutes maximum).
h e a t e r s s e l e c t e d t o ON) t h e r e i s a S e l e c t FUEL HEATER s w i t c h t o AUTO.
r i s k of t h r o t t l e s e i z u r e due t o t h e Complete f l i g h t w i t h FUEL HEATER
e f f e c t of heated f u e l on t h e Fuel s w i t c h a t AUTO.
Control Unit Repeat RELIGHT s e l e c t i o n i f r e q u i r e d .
Record and r e p o r t f o r Maintenance
action.

NOTE: Heated f u e l can cause a r e d u c t i o n i n 'dry'.power, t h e r e f o r e , i t i s

recommended t h a t water/methanol be s e l e c t e d ON d u r i n g t h e approach
t o e n s u r e s a t i s f a c t o r y power w i l l be a v a i l a b l e should an overshoot
be necessary.

I f v o l c a n i c a s h i s encountered,

Immediate a c t i o n :

Igniters - SelectON

Leave t h e a r e a of v o l c a n i c a s h a s r a p i d l y a s p o s s i b l e .

Moni t o r T. G. T.

When c l e a r of v o l c a n i c ash:

Igniters - S e l e c t OFF

Check f o r s a t i s f a c t o r y e n g i n e o p e r a t i o n

Report i n c i d e n t f o r maintenance a c t i o n

Feb. 84 8
Chapter 6