A lesson plan is the instructor’s road map of what students need to learn

and how it will be done effectively during the class time.A plan is the
product of the planning process and can be defined as a set of
decisions about what to do, why, and how to do it. Before you plan your
lesson, you will first need to identify the learning objectives for the class
meeting.Then, you can design appropriate learning activities and develop
strategies to obtain feedback on student learning. A successful lesson plan
addresses and integrates these three key components:
● Objectives for student learning
● Teaching/learning activities
● Strategies to check student understanding
We hace 3 types of language lessons planning
1.Long-term plans are for the year, which topics will be studied by
each class at what time in the year.
2. Medium-term plans are for the academic term or, setting out what
specific aspect of the curriculum will be covered in week-by-week
format.
3.A short-term plan covers a week, a day or a lesson, and consists of
the working notes for the structure and content of a planned activity
Lesson planning is a significant element of teaching-learning system. A
lesson plan is a step-by-step guide that provides a structure for an
essential learning.
An organized teacher will always be able to deliver the lesson within the
given time.. With the additional time saved, a teacher can give additional
attention and time to students that need additional help. Lesson
planning helps the teacher to control the learning process, It can also
help the teacher to focus more on the basic knowledge.
The components of lesson planning:
1,Time management is an important component of the lesson plan: it
organizes the content of the language course
2. Modern curriculum put accent on the educational objectives the
teacher targets and the competences the students must develop.
3.The teacher should focus on students` ability to use the language.In
many cases, teachers are too dependent on the course book, today
there is nothing to restrict the teacher from using various kinds of
materials.
Planning models. There are three basic approaches to lesson planning:
1.The linear model is the traditional approach, according to which the
teacher first decides the aims/objectives of the lesson and then selects
the classroom activities.
2. The kaleidoscopic model suggests to base lesson planning on a
number of interesting and motivating activities.This model is learner-
centered: the students are allowed to use their materials according to
their personal likes and needs
3.. Mixed model consists of combining the advantages of linear and
kaleidoscopic models. It offers organization and logical structure, clear
objectives.
Project-based learning.In PBL, students are usually given a general
question to answer, a concrete problem to solve,Teachers may propose
students to choose specific topics that interest or inspire them this type
of planning raises interest in learning and makes learning more
relevant,helps students make connections across different
subjects,give student practical skills and they can apply this in their
lives.
To be effective, the lesson plan does not have to be an document that
describes each and every possible classroom scenario. It should
provide you with a general information of your teaching goals, learning
objectives. It is a reminder of what you want to do and how you want to
do it. A productive lesson is not one in which everything goes exactly as
planned, but one in which both students and instructors learn from each
other.