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What is mixed use building?

A mixed-use building aims to combine three or more uses into one structure such as residential,
hotel, retail, parking, transportation, cultural, and entertainment. Whatever the combination, it
brings together several uses within either one building or a small area. The two most common
forms of mixed-use design are:

Vertical. As a single, multi-story building, a typical mix places apartments on the upper levels
and retail or offices at street level. A basement level provides parking and/or access to
underground public transportation.

Horizontal. Spread over several buildings, such as a city block or around an open space or
courtyard, these individual buildings serve one or two specific uses while creating a microcosm
within a neighborhood.

Those who live in these developments do not have the same dependence on a car that people
who live in traditional neighborhoods have because they can walk or bike to work and to run many
of their errands, making it easier for them to stay active and function without a vehicle.

Additionally, retailers benefit from the traffic flow of customers who reside so close to their
businesses while residents enjoy the ease of proximity to so many options

History of Mixed Use

perfect historical examples of early mixed-use, live, work, play communities are probably
the medieval villages of the 5th-15th centuries. Densely built within towering city walls, the
medieval village is the perfect example of a functional, productive community, incorporating all
the rules of mixed-use development. This way of living not only benefited them socially in a
variety of ways, but it also served to provide them protection as well, since the walls were able to
protect the village more securely than if the villages were spread out over many hundreds of acres.

In fact, this way of living and structuring society was the norm, even in the US, up until
the early 1900s when development trends and patterns changed radically with the advent of the
trolley and the automobile.

In addition to people having access to more efficient modes of transportation, the population in the
US was also exploding at this time and as American cities swelled to dangerous levels, local governments
began to mandate segregation of land uses – for the health and welfare of it’s citizens.

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Mixed-use at Randolph & Snelling Avenues, St. Paul Mixed-use pick wick plaza

Finely mixed use was the norm before the development of modern zoning and land-use practice
Such mixed-use commercial and residential areas thrived into the twentieth century, often at
intersections and transit stops

Riverplace, Minneapolis The Penobscot Building, 131 West Fort Street

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Mixed-use Development Today
In the late 1970s and 80s, mixed-use developments were built on smaller scales than older MXDs
and PUDs

They also were more integrated with their urban contexts, as interest in historic preservation grew

• Increase intensity of land uses

• Increase diversity of land uses
• Integrate segregated uses

TYPES OF MIXED USE BUILDINGS

• Neighborhood commercial zoning – convenience goods and services, such as

convenience stores, permitted in otherwise strictly residential areas
• Main Street residential/commercial – two to three-story buildings with residential units
above and commercial units on the ground floor facing the street
• Urban residential/commercial – multi-story residential buildings with commercial and
civic uses on ground floor
• Office convenience – office buildings with small retail and service uses oriented to the
office workers
• Office/residential – multi-family residential units within office building(s)
• Shopping mall conversion – residential and/or office units added (adjacent) to an
existing standalone shopping mall
• Retail district retrofit – retrofitting of a suburban retail area to a more village-like
appearance and mix of uses
• Live/work – residents can operate small businesses on the ground floor of the building
where they live
• Studio/light industrial – residents may operate studios or small workshops in the
building where they live
• Hotel/residence – mix hotel space and high-end multi-family residential
• Parking structure with ground-floor retail
• Single-family detached home district with standalone shopping center

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ZONING AND FUNCTION

SHOPS

A shop is a building or part of a building where things are sold . | Meaning,

pronunciation, translations and examples.

from which customers pick their own goods should be no higher than 1.8 m and no lower
than 0.3 m above floor level.

Attention must be paid to circulation routes in larger shops -, @) + @. They should begin
at the trolley/basket pick-up and end at the check-outs.

All shops require some provision for the handling of goods. These needs may vary from
off-pavement deliveries for small units to the complex operations carried out by large retail
businesses.

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 Shelf display unit

Minimum width of a shop 4.0m, preferably 5.0m

Circulation routes must account for corners

(a and c. entrance and exit separate; b, together)

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OFFICE
An office is generally a room or other area where an organization's employees perform
administrative work in order to support and realize objects and goals of the organization. The word
"office" may also denote a position within an organization with specific dut ies attached to it (see
officer, office-holder, official); the latter is in fact an earlier usage, office as place originally
referring to the location of one's duty. When used as an adjective, the term "office" may refer to
business-related tasks

Separate office ossible layout of a small room in a combined office

Division of space using modular desks

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APARTMENT
An apartment (a type of residential real estate)
Apartment buildings are multi-story buildings where three or more residences are
contained within one structure. Such a building may be called an apartment building, apartment
complex, flat complex, block of flats, tower block, high-rise or, occasionally, mansion block (in
British English), especially if it consists of many apartments for rent. A high-rise apartment
building is commonly referred to as a residential tower, apartment tower, or block of flats in
Australia.

Types and characteristics

Studio apartment

The smallest self-contained apartments are referred to as studio, efficiency or bachelor apartments in
the US, or studio flat in the UK. These units usually consist of a large single main room which acts as the
living room, dining room and bedroom combined and usually also includes kitchen facilities, with a
separate bathroom. In Korea, the term "one room" (wonroom) refers to a studio apartment

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JUNIOR 1BED ROOM

This is a slight step up from a studio and usually includes a separate sleeping room or 3/4 room.

LOFT

One large room with high ceilings. These usually exist in commercial buildings that have been
renovated to residential apartment units.

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LUXURY APARTMENT

Identifying an apartment as luxury is a ploy to attract high-paying tenants and, more so, raise the
monthly rent. First and foremost, most luxury apartments are relatively new, meaning they were built
within the last five to seven years. Refurbished apartments are not considered luxury unless they were
completely gutted and rebuilt without regard for the original layout. Regardless of the leeway in
defining an apartment as “luxury”, however, there are a few things that are commonly thought of as
included in a luxury apartment

PENT HOUSE
A penthouse apartment or a penthouse (coined through French appentier) is an apartment or unit on
the highest floor of an apartment building, condominium, or hotel. Penthouses are typically differentiated
from other apartments by luxury features

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 ROOMS WHICH INCLUDE IN APARTMENT

REST ROOM/BATH ROOM

A bathroom is a room in a house that contains a bath or shower, a washbasin, and sometimes a toilet.
A bathroom is a room in a house or public building that contains a toilet.

BATH ROOM ARANGEMENT

BATH ROOM FITTINGS

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 LIVING ROOM

A living room is a room in a home that's used for entertaining friends, talking, reading, or watching
television. ... You can also call a living room a lounge, a sitting room, a front room, or a parlor.

For midium size living room A space of 12 x 18 ft (about 3.7 x 5.5m) would fit between 6 and 10 people in a
conversation area If you're lucky enough to have a living room size with dimensions larger than 15 x 20ft
(4.6 x 6.0m) then there is the possibility of bringing the sofas away from the walls, having deeper, more
luxurious sofas and creating secondary furniture groupings. Take a look at the living room layout page to
see some of the possibilities.

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DINNING ROOM

A dining room is a room for consuming food. In modern times it is usually adjacent to the kitchen for
convenience in serving, although in medieval times it was often on an entirely different floor level.
Historically the dining room is furnished with a rather large dining table and a number of dining chairs;
the most common shape is generally rectangular with two armed end chairs and an even number of un-
armed side chairs along the long sides.

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PR��AR�D �Y-�BR��M ���U
 BED ROOM

A bedroom is a room of a house where people sleep.

To ensure comfort while sleeping, the bed length should be 250 mm longer than the individual's height.
Based on average heights, beds are produced in a range of standard sizes: 900 x 1900 mm, 1000 x 1900
mm, 1000 x 2000 mm, 1600 x 2000 mm and 2000 x 2000 mm. The bedroom layout should give at least
600 mm, preferably 750 mm, around the bed

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PR��AR�D �Y-�BR��M ���U
 CLOSET

Built-in cupboards and fitted wardrobes are ideal for owneroccupied houses, whereas free -standing
units are better for rented housing. With small rooms it is necessary to make use of every space and this
need can be satisfied effectively by creative use of built-in cupboards. Highly suitable are complete fitted
wardrobes or cupboard rooms in walls between the bedrooms.

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KITCHEN

A kitchen is a room or part of a room used for cooking and food preparation in a dwelling or in a
commercial establishment. A modern middle-class residential kitchen is typically equipped with a stove,
a sink with hot and cold running water, a refrigerator, and worktops and kitchen cabinets arranged
according to a modular design. Many households have a microwave oven, a dishwasher, and other electric
appliances. The main functions of a kitchen are to store, prepare and cook food (and to complete related
tasks such as dishwashing). The room or area may also be used for dining (or small meals such as
breakfast), entertaining and laundry

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 RESTAURANT
That prepares and serves food and drinks to customers as for the profit. Meals are generally served
and eaten on the premises, but many restaurants also offer take-out and food delivery services.

To be able to eat comfortably, one person requires a table area of around 60cm wide by 40cm deep.
This provides sufficient clearance between adjacent diners. Although an additional 20cm of space in the
centre for dishes and tureens is sometimes desirable, an overall width of 80-85cm is suitable for a dining
table. Round tables, or tables with six or eight sides, with a diameter of 90-120cm are ideal for four
people and can also take one or two more diners.

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TABLE SEATING PLANS

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PARKING
Parking is the act of stopping and disengaging a vehicle and leaving it unoccupied. Parking on one or both
sides of a road is often permitted, though sometimes with restrictions. Some buildings have parking
facilities for use of the buildings' users.

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PR��AR�D �Y-�BR��M ���U
SAUNA

The sauna is more than a method of bathing: for many it is a type of physical cleansing,
almost a ritual, and it is now an essential part of all modern sports facilities. In Finland there is one
sauna for every six people. They are built to a standard traditional design and used once a week,
both communally within the family and also in public without segregation of the sexes.

The classic location for saunas is next to a clear lake with woods and meadows for air bathing between
sweat baths.

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CAFE/RESTURANT

with a tea room is usually a towncentre business located in a busy area. A cafe does not serve alcoholic
drinks except for premium bottled beers, liqueurs etc., and specialises in hot and cold patisserie and
snacks. Tea rooms serve alcohol-free drinks, patisserie and sandwiches, and have capacity for about 150
seats. They normally open from 11.00 to 17 .30 p.m. They serve mainly pre-made meals, and therefore
need little storage space.

RESTURANT kITCHEN

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PR��AR�D �Y-�BR��M ���U
BASSEMENT RAMP SYSTEM
A parking ramp slope of 5% or less is preferred, although parking ramp slopes up to 7% are tolerated by
the public in very dense urban areas. Parking ramp slopes should not exceed a 6.67% slope

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 CINIMA

cinema is a movie theater, or the production of films and movies. An IMAX movie theater at Regal Cinemas
is an example of a cinema. The collection of all Hollywood films and movies is an example of American
cinema.

Film projection: Fire separation materials are no longer required for the projection room with
safety film. Projectionists operate several projectors; the projection room is no longer a
continuously used workplace for staff. 1 m of space behind the projector and at the operating side,
2. 80 m high, ventilation, noise insulation to the auditorium side. Projection rooms may be
combined for several auditoriums.

Film widths of 16mm, 35mm and 70mm. The centre of the projected beam should not deviate more
than 5° horizontally or vertically from the centre of the screen, or it should be deflected via a deflection
mirror

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PR��AR�D �Y-�BR��M ���U
 ����S C��L�GE

D��AR�M�NT OF AR��ITEC�URE
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