Eusebio High School

C. Raymundo Avenue, Rosario Pasig City

S. Y. 2020 – 20201

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC INTELLIGENCE AND

PROCRASTINATION OF GRADE 12 STUDENTS

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements on Practical Research 2

Presented to:
Mr. Vladimir Lou C. Victoria

Presented by:
Acibar, Rogelio Jr.
Mirando, John Enzo
Torrente, Gene Carlo
Superada, Jhonmark
Llaban, Cheryn

CHAPTER 2
 Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter represents the related literature and studies made about Academic Intelligence and
Procrastination which are domineering as to give a mainly overview of the relationship between
these variables and what are does the researchers found about this. The first part will be
discussed the related legal basis, related foreign literature, related local literature, related foreign
studies, related local studies and lastly the synthesis of related literature and study.

Legal bases:
(RA) 9155, Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001.
This to help students become more productive and earn more because education
is considered an investment, to strengthening their skills and abilities.

Republic Act No. 10687 (UniFAST)

This is for the students to motivate them to pursue their dreams by given them a free tuition or to
provide their needs.

(RA) 9258 GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING ACT OF 2004,"

It is for students to help them to approach to the development, by helping their potential and to
plan his/her future.

Foreign Literature:
Men seem to procrastinate slightly more than women, and procrastination seems to decrease with
age (Steel, 2007; Steel & Ferrari, 2012). Procrastination research investigates procrastination in a
variety of different domains of life like academic and relationship. (Ferrari & Psychl, 2012; Steel
& Ferrari 2012). This condition needs learners to manage their time regularly through the course.
Insufficient self-regulation, which exhibits itself as procrastination, is associated to a diversity of
negative study performances (Stott, Stewart, & Nuttall, 2016). The tendency to procrastinate is
very commonly recognized to an inadequacy in self-regulation processes (Yamada et al, 2016;
Michinov et al., 2011).

Local Literature:
Procrastination is defined as "essentially a normal illness and it is not a simple act of avoidance,
which may be a highly sensible option in some circumstances." (Gabriel,2020). Procrastination
had already formed and became a practice of individuals living during the Renaissance period.
(Samala, 2020). Individuals spent the most of their time doing things that were unrelated to their
academics (Smith, Heather, 2008). The Philippines was having problems with procrastination
among students. Only a tiny group seems to be able to escape from this damaging habit. They are
setting themselves up for failure because time management is such an important aspect of life
success. (Nartea, 2020).

Foreign Studies:
Gupta and Bashir (2018) states that academic procrastination refers to an irrational tendency of
students to delay at the beginning or completion of an academic task, homework, project work
and co-curricular activities. According to Bashir and Gupta (2019), in their study the purpose of
it was to look into the link between academic procrastination and academic achievement in
university students. The study's participants were 380 university students who were chosen using
a straightforward selection procedure. The findings demonstrate that there is a considerable
difference in academic procrastination between male and female university students, as well as a
substantial difference in academic performance between male and female university students.
Furthermore, there is a considerable negative association between academic procrastination and
university students' academic success. Furthermore, academic procrastination variables such as
time management, task aversiveness, honesty, and personal initiative were found to be negatively
connected to student academic performance. The findings show that those with a higher level of
academic procrastination perform worse academically.

Local Studies:
Based on Mrs. Carla (2016), the study shows the differences in procrastination behaviors among
the students in terms of gender, academic courses, level of performance and level of academic
self-efficacy. They are 200 college students gathered to took response from this research study.
Results revealed that the gender differences in procrastination where male students procrastinate
more than the female students and students with low perceived academic self-efficacy showed
significantly higher procrastination scores than those with high self-efficacy. Furthermore, most
college students are experiencing problems in time management, lack of motivation to
accomplish a task and inability to concentrate in one's work. These actions often hinder
themselves from achieving
their desired academic goals.
Synthesis of the Review Literature and Studies:
The literature and studies helps the researcher to understand what are the similarities and
difference in writing of different writers and professionals in relevance to significant relationship
of academic intelligence and procrastination. And with a wide range of readings associated with
the current study, the researchers conceptualized the significance of the study.
To a certain extent, various study was contributory to present study particularly to those authors.
(Gabriel,2020) stated that procrastination is a normal illness. (Smith, Heather, 2018) stated that
some of students spent time doing unrelated to their studies. (PubMed 2021) stated that we
should encourage those students to believe in their abilities not to brag down because it may
cause failing future. And Mrs. Carla (2016) stated that most of men students are procrastinating
than women.
There are a lot of similarities about procrastination, the researchers were having difficult time to
find studies about relationship of academic intelligence and procrastination. We should do more
studies about relationship of academic intelligence and procrastination to have information and
to fully understand those students who are conscious to their intelligence, and to maintain their
time- management especially in Eusebio High School.