Name: John Lloyd S. Flores Course, Yr. & Sec.

: BSCE 2B

Lesson 13

1V. Assessment:

In the spaces below, answer the following questions in two to three sentences:

1.) How did Rizal view the role of an educated individual in society?

The role of an educated individual in society, according to Rizal, is to actively

participate in discussions regarding the state of the nation. Educated individuals must involve
and/or engage themselves in trying to change society for the better which can be achieved by
seeking ways on how to address societal concerns.

2.) Aside from the works mentioned in the discussion, what other works of Rizal mentioned
or showed the importance of education?

Aside from the works mentioned in the discussion, A la juventud filipina (To The
Philippine Youth) and Por la Educación Recibe Lustre la Patria (Education gives luster to the
Motherland) are other literary works by Rizal which mentioned or have shown the importance of
education. A la juventud filipina is a poem dedicated to the Filipino youth which speaks volume
about the importance of education to one's future and is beaming with strong messages which
imply that the readers, particularly the youth, are the hope of the nation. Por la Educación
Recibe Lustre la Patria, on the other hand, is also a poem which highlights that education is
crucial in building a nation withstanding a country having freedom and democracy.

3.) From the 1860’s to the 1890’s intellectuals were tagged as destabilizers by the colonial
government. In your opinion, why were the intellectuals, such as Padre Jose Burgos and
the ilustrados, became the favourite target of repressive regimes?
 Intellectuals such as Padre Jose Burgos and the ilustrados were tagged as
destabilizers by the colonial government and became the target of repressive regimes because
they are considered as a threat. For repressive regimes, people who are ignorant and gullible are
highly favored because they are easy to control and manipulate. Thus, I believe that the main
reason why intellectuals were targeted because of their ability to enlighten and educate people
who lack knowledge and awareness, and make them realize and/or better understand the truth of
their situation.
 Lesson 14

1V. Assessment:

In the spaces below, answer the following questions in two to three sentences:

1. How did Rizal view his fellow compatriots upon his arrival in Spain? How did he immediately
manage his time and schedule?

Upon his arrival in Spain, Rizal viewed his fellow compatriots as indulged in learning who
also know how to enjoy a little pleasure from time to time. Rizal, however, kept his eyes on his
goal and immediately occupied himself by spending his time on his studies, writings, and even
creating an organization.

2. How is the youth connected to nation building? Is it a burden or a civic duty?

The youth plays a vital role in nation-building as key contributors of social reform and
improvements which are crucial in determining the future of a nation. By looking upon the state
of the community, society, and nation, the youth can help address concerns and move the nation
towards progress and greatness. It is a civic duty for the youth to prioritize the good of the nation
since they must carry on the task to deliver advancements for the nation from their forebears.
Lesson 15

Fill out the chart below:

My characteristics or traits most similar to those of my Mother

(Positive)

Caring
Reliable
Patient
Generous
Self-sacrificing
Conscientious 1
V.

(Negative)

Picky
Bossy

Assessment:

In the space below, answer the following questions in two to three sentences.

1. Why was learning the Spanish language an important skill during the 19th century?

During the 19th century, learning the Spanish language is an important skill because it denotes
that one can freely participate in social discourse since it was the language used in politics,
education, and trade. For women who were prohibited by Spanish friars to learn the language,
learning the Spanish language would mean that they can finally break free from the latter’s
control and be more involved in discussions regarding the state of the nation.
 2. Why did Rizal encourage women to follow the example of Spartan women?

Rizal encouraged women to follow the example of Spartan women who are known for their
courage to voice out their ideas, as well as to struggle and fight for freedom and what is just.
They would be the first to inculcate children with love for the country and learning, shaping
them to become God-fearing and responsible citizens. In this way, women would not become
mere followers who are ignorant and silent.

3. How did Rizal propose to empower women?

Rizal proposed to empower women by expressing his great desire for Filipino women to
pursue their education and enjoy its privileges and become key players in nation-building. He
believes that the education of women is one of the first prerequisites to empower women in
society for them to become active citizens who are vital in the nation’s formation.

4. What limited Rizal’s perspective on the role of women in society?

Although Rizal grew up in a patriarchal or male-centric society that dictated women to be

passive individuals who should only stay at home which could limit his perspective on the role
of women in society, he still recognized that women must play a more crucial role in nation-
building. After all, Donya Teodora served as a strong woman figure who cultivated his respect
for women.
Lesson 16

QUALITIES OF A GOOD LEADER

ACTIVITY:
Answer the question.

According to Rizal, the qualities of a

good leader must be of intelligence and
foresight. A good leader must be:

Do I have some or all the qualities

a) Knowledgeable of the facts at hand; of a Good Leader?????
b) Passionate;
c) Unwavering;
d) Responsible;
e) Radical; and Among the qualities of a good
f) Steps up to the challenge. leader as viewed by Rizal, I believe
that the qualities I possess include
being intellectual, passionate,
responsible, having a good
Lesson 17
Rizal-Bonifacio connection

ACTIVITY:

Rizal and Bonifacio had more connections than differences. The Filipinos
today, however, make them quarrel. The point is, with a few heroes we have,
why make them clash, dead as they are? They might have utilized different
methods, but the ultimate goal was the same---to establish a separate Filipino
nations

List down all the possible connections you can find about Rizal and
Bonifacio. Categorize them according to:

Category Rizal Bonifacio

 Rizal opposed  Just like Rizal,
the Spanish Andres
colonial rule by Bonifacio also
means of a opposed the
Ideology pacifist Spanish colonial
approach rule but by
where he used means of armed
his liberal ideas struggle and
in asking for military
peaceful engagement
reforms
 Fought and
 Fought and risked his life
sacrificed his with the ultimate
life with the goal to gain
ultimate goal to freedom and
gain freedom independence
from the from the
Spaniards Spaniards
 Jose Rizal  Joined an
founded the La organization
Organiza Liga Filipina established by
tions which is a civic Rizal, the La Liga
organization Filipina
where Andres
Bonifacio was a  Rizal’s Noli me
member Tangere and El
Filibusterismo
 The La Liga inspired
Filipina led to Bonifacio to join
the creation of the organization
the Katipunan
headed by  Due to
Andres disagreements
Bonifacio on how reform
must be
attained, the La
Liga Filipina was
dissolved and
Bonifacio
eventually
founded the
Katipunan
consisted of
radicals

 Intelligent  Intelligent
 Hated injustice  Hated injustice
Individual  Patriotism  Patriotism
Characteristics  Charismatic  Charismatic
 Initiative  Initiative
 Great  Great leadership
leadership

 Rizal earned his  Andres was self-

degree in educated, having
Cultural studies Bachelor of Arts read local and
language at Ateneo international
Municipal de books in his
Manila at the time. Aside from
age of 16 and Spanish and
continued his Tagalog, he could
study at speak English,
Universidad which he learned
Central de from the British
Madrid. Having firm where he
 traveled worked.
extensively in
Europe, America
and Asia, he
mastered 22
languages
including the
Tagalog, Spanish
and English.

1V. Assessment:
In the spaces below, answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
1. What factors led to the radicalization of Rizal?
The factors that led to the radicalization of Rizal include him initially entertaining the idea
of a separate Filipino nation, the Calamba Hacienda Case which he led himself, and the events
that followed it. The Manifestation of 1888 which was the first to affect Rizal as the first public
outcome of Noli me Tangere’s influence, the continuation of arrests from late March to early
April in 1889, and when Rizal’s family was directly affected by the Spanish persecution all
greatly influenced his separatist stance which eventually led to his radicalization.

2. What were the main arguments of Renato Constantino when he criticized Rizal? What were the
arguments of Floro Quibuyen to counter the narratives of Constantino?
When Renato Constantino criticized Rizal, the main arguments he presented were that
Rizal is a colonial and limited hero who prioritizes his fellow ilustrados’ interests. He backed up
his claims using two main evidences namely Pio Valenzuela’s prison testimony in 1896 and the
repudiation for revolution in Rizal’s December 15, 1898 manifesto to certain Filipinos.
Countering Constantino’s narratives is Floro Quibuyen who argues that Constantino and other
writers had hastily and anachronistically studied Rizal when a careful analysis of Rizal’s works
and contributions, where traces of his radicalization can be found, is necessary.
 3. How did the Filipino revolutionist perceive the cult of Rizal? Why was considered
the Tagalog Christ.

Filipino revolutionists perceived the cult of Rizal as composed of religious Filipinos who
believe in his divinity. In line with this, Rizal was considered the Tagalog Christ because he
embodies Filipino sacrifice. Moreover, his death by the firing squad serves as a reenactment of
Christ’s passion and death.
Lesson 18

1V. Assessment:
In the space below, answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
1. What types of sacrifices did Rizal make in his lifetime?
The types of sacrifices Rizal had made in his lifetime include being separated from his family
in order to pursue his education at an environment conducive for learning abroad. He also had
to sacrifice his pursuit of his love of arts for his medical degree. Furthermore, he also sacrificed
his life for an ideal and noble cause.

2. How did he take his final sacrifice? To whom was it dedicated?

Rizal, upon his final moments, made his final sacrifice which is his life. He dedicated and
have given his life for his beloved muse, the Philippines. He believed that his death will be part
of the fight to liberate his dear country.

3. In terms of his martyrdom, to whom did he make the most impact?

In terms of his martyrdom, Rizal made the most impact to the Katipunero. They continued
their fight and struggle for liberation with Rizal’s sacrifice in mind. His martyrdom shed light on
their shared angst, providing hope for his fellow Filipinos.