Republic of the Philippines

BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY

Main Campus
C.P.G. Avenue, Tagbilaran City
Vision: A premier S & T university for the formation of world class and virtuous human resource for sustainable development in Bohol and the
Country.
Mission: BISU is committed to provide higher quality education in the arts and sciences, as well as in the professional and technological fields,
undertake research and development and extension services for the sustainable development of Bohol and the Country.
Goals: To deliver its mandate, BISU is directing all its efforts towards excellence guided by its foresight. To address the needs of the strategic
sectors, BISU shall:
Pursue faculty and education excellence and strengthen the current viable curricular programs and develop curricular programs that are
responsive to the demands of the times both in the industry and the environment;
Promote quality research output that responds to the needs of the local and national communities;
Develop communities through Responsive Extension Programs;
Adopt Efficient and Profitable Income Generating Projects/Enterprise for Self-Sustainability;
Provide adequate, state of the art and accessible infrastructure support facilities for quality education;
Promote efficient and effective good governance support on higher education;
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PME 416

MALANOG, CHRISTIAN MIL

BSME 4A

ENGR. JUANITO ORIGINES JR.

INSTRUCTOR
1. What are the known Coal-fired steam power plants in the country and abroad; its capacity?
What is the name and capacity of the coal-fired steam power plant nearest to our province?
: Known coal-fired steam power plants in the country and its capacity:
 Sual Power Plant 1,200 MW
 Pagbilao Power Plant 1,155 MW
 Masinloc Power Plant 995 MW

Known coal-fired steam power plants abroad and its capacity:

 Datang Tuoketuo Power Station (China) – 6.7 GW

 Taean Power Station (South Korea) – 6.1G W
 Dangjin Power Station (South Korea) – 6G W
 Taichung Power Plant (Taiwan) 5.7GW

Nearest coal-fired steam power plant in our province and its capacity:

KEPCO-SPC Power Plant Naga, Cebu 200 MW

2. Ideal site for coal-fired steam power plant?

 That could save expenses on fuel transportation, the steam power plant should be
nearby to the coal mines.
 Since the condenser requires a huge amount of water, such a plant should be placed
near a river or canal to provide a consistent supply of water.
 A modern steam power plant frequently necessitates the transfer of materials and
machinery. As a result, appropriate transportation infrastructure must be available, i.e.,
the facility must be well connected to other parts of the country via rail and road.
 Smoke and pollutants from a steam power plant harm the surrounding area since it
burns a big amount of coal. This necessitates that the facility be located far away from
densely populated areas.

3. How to increase the efficiency of a coal-fired steam power plant?

 The most widely investigated options for increasing the efficiency of CFPPS include
equipment. refurbishment, plant upgrades, and improved O&M schedules. The cost of
the upgrades is typically compared against the expected return in increased efficiency
when deciding whether or not to proceed with a program.
4. What are the various methods of coal combustion?
 Various methods of coal combustion, such as grate firing or fixed bed coal combustion,
pulverized fuel combustion, fluidized bed combustion, coal liquid mixture combustion,
and combined cycles, and combined power and process methods for coal utilization,
such as magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) technology and power process combination
options.
 5. What are the main and auxiliary components of the coal-fired steam power plant and their
functions?

Coal Storage- It is the place where coal is stored which can be utilized when required.
Coal Handling- Here the coal is converted into the pulverized form before feeding to the
furnace. A proper system is designed to transport the pulverized coal to the boiler furnace.
Boiler- It converts the water into high pressure steam. It contains the furnace inside or outside
the boiler shell. The combustion of coal takes place in the furnace.
Air-preheater- it is used to pre-heat the air before entering into the boiler furnace. The
preheating of air helps in the burning of fuel to a greater extent. It takes the heat from the burnt
gases from the furnace to heat the air from the atmosphere.
Economizer- As its name indicates it economizes the working of the boiler. It heats the feed
water to a specified temperature before it enters into the boiler drum. It takes the heat from
the burnt gases from the furnace to do so.

Turbine- It is the mechanical device which converts the kinetic energy of the steam to the
mechanical energy.
Generator- It is coupled with the turbine rotor and converts the mechanical energy of the
turbine to the electrical energy.
Ash Storage- It is used to store the ash after the burning of the coal.
Dust Collector- It collects the dust particle from the burnt gases before it is released to the
chimney.
Condenser: It condensates the steam that leaves out the turbine. It converts the low pressure
steam to water. It is attached to the cooling tower.
Cooling Tower- it is a tower which contains cold water. Cold water is circulated to the condenser
for the cooling of the residual steam from the turbine.
Chimney- It is used to release the hot burnt gases or smoke from the furnace to the
environment at appropriate height. The height of the tower is very high such that it can easily
throw the smoke and exhaust gases at the appropriate height. And it cannot affect the
population living near the steam power plant.
Feed Water Pump- lt is used to transport the feed water to the boiler.
6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of coal-fired steam power plants compared to
other existing power plants?

ADVANTAGES

 In comparison to a hydroelectric facility, less land is required.

 Coal used as a source of energy, and it is less expensive than gasoline and diesel. As a result, the
cost of energy production is low.
 The cost of maintaining the said power plant is low.
 A steam power plant can be built in any location where there are readily available water
supplies and transportation.
DISADVANTAGES

 Low Efficiency: The overall efficiency of a steam power plant is between 35 and 41 percent,
which is low.

 Global Warming: The discharge of coal or fuel-bumed gases contributes significantly to global
warming. The hot water that is poured into rivers, ponds, and other bodies of water has an
unfavorable effect on aquatic living organisms and upsets the ecology.

7. What are the pollutants produced by coal-fired steam power plants and the necessary
technology to control them?

 Coal combustion emits a variety of pollutants, including nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides
(SOx), as well as particulate matter. They also emit greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2)
and methane (CH4), both of which have been linked to global warming and climate change.
Power plants must use technologies to limit the output of these hazardous chemicals in order to
assist reduce emissions.
 For controlling gas emissions: Carbon capture is one way, which involves separating CO2 from
emission sources and recovering it in a concentrated stream. After then, the CO2 can be
pumped underground for long-term storage, known as sequestration. Reuse and recycling can
also help to mitigate the negative consequences of coal production and consumption on the
environment.

8. What are the different types of coal? Provide their corresponding properties.

 Anthracite: The highest rank of coal. It is a hard, brittle, and black lustrous coal, often referred to
as hard coal, containing a high percentage of fixed carbon and a low percentage of volatile
matter.

 Bituminous: Bituminous coal is a middle rank coal between sub bituminous and anthracite.
Bituminous coal usually has a high heating (Btu) value and is used in electricity generation and
steel making in the United States. Bituminous coal is blocky and appears shiny and smooth when
you first see it, but look closer and you might see it has thin, alternating, shiny and dull layers.

 Subbituminous: Subbituminous coal is black in color and is mainly dull (not shiny).
Subbituminous coal has low-to-moderate heating values and is mainly used in electricity
generation.

 Lignite: Lignite coal, aka brown coal, is the lowest grade coal with the least concentration of
carbon. Lignite has a low heating value and a high moisture content and is mainly used in
electricity generation.