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20 Woven Fabric Defects with Pictures

Garments Production, Quality

Woven Fabric Defects and Their Images:

In the textile industry, woven fabric is produced by interlacing warp and weft yarn. Faulty
woven fabrics hamper the total quality of woven garments such as shirts, pants, trousers,
jackets, etc. As a textile engineer, you should know about the major woven fabric faults
produced during woven fabric manufacturing. As its importance, this article has shown those
woven fabric faults with their images.

Major Defects Found in Woven Fabrics:

Various types of faults found in woven fabrics have mentioned below:

 1. Bad selvage,
2. Broken ends or warp,
3. Broken picks or weft,
4. Loose warp,
5. Loose weft or snarl,
6. Double-end,
7. Tight end,
8. The float of warp,
9. Wrong end color,
10. Miss pick,
11. Double pick,
12. Weft bar,
13. Ball,
14. Hole,
15. Oil spot,
16. Tails out,
17. Temple mark,
18. Reed mark,
19. Slub,
20. A thick and thin place.

All the above-woven fabrics faults have explained in the following:

1. Bad or defective selvage:

Bad selvage in woven fabrics due to faulty weaving. Here, the warp ends being set too far apart
for the thickness of the yarn or in the finished fabric.

Defective selvage in fabric

2. Broken ends or warp:

A defect in the woven fabrics caused by a warp yarn that was broken during weaving or
finishing.

Broken ends

3. Broken picks or weft:

A filling yarn that is broken in the weaving of fabric.

Broken picks
4. Loose warp:

This type of fault is produced in woven fabrics when the tension of warp yarn is slow.

Loose-warp

5. Loose weft or snarl:

It is produced in woven fabrics due to the looseness of filling yarn.

Loose weft or snarl

6. Double ends:

This kind of fault is produced in woven fabrics when the two ends of warp sticks get together
after sizing.

Double ends

7. Tight ends:

If the tension of warp yarn is more than the other ends present in the loom then this type of fault
is produced in woven fabrics.
Tight ends

8. Float of warp:

If someone pulls the fabric together with the cloth roller intentionally or unintentionally then this
kind of defect is produced in woven fabrics.

Float of warp

9. Wrong end color:

It is produced in the woven fabric due to the wrong drawing of colored yarn.
Wrong end color

10. Miss pick:

This kind of defect is produced in the woven fabric when the operator starts a stopped machine
without picking the broken weft from the shade.

Miss pick

11. Double pick:

It is produced in the woven fabric when the cutter doesn’t work properly.
Double picks

12. Weft bar:

When the count of yarn varies from one cone to another cone then a bar of weft will be appeared
in the fabric after weaving.

Weft bar

13. Ball:

If the warp is too hairy then the reed will create a ball in warp yarn in between the reed and heald
shaft. If the ball is small enough to pass through the dent of reed then those will form the ball in
fabric.
Ball

14. Hole:

A fabric imperfection in which one or several yarns are sufficiently damaged to create an
opening.

Hole

15. Oil spot or stain:

Discoloration on a local area of a substrate that may be resistant to removal by laundering or dry
cleaning. It occurs during spinning, weaving, or finishing. It is also often seen in the woven
fabric. It is also produced in woven fabric if too much oiling has been done on the loom parts.

Oil spot

16. Tails out:

This kind of fault is produced in woven fabric if the cutter doesn’t work properly.

Tails out
17. Temple mark:

If the placement of the ring in the temple bar is wrong or the pressure of the temple to the fabrics
is too high then this type of fault is produced.

Temple mark

18. Reed mark:

In woven fabric, a crack between the groups of warp ends either continuous or at intervals. It’s
maybe caused by the wrong drawing-in of the warp or damage to the reed wires.
Reed mark in woven fabric

19. Slub:

If the yarn contains an unexpected slub in it then that slub will appear in the fabric as a fault.

Slub

20. Thick and thin place:

Fabric defect in which fabric count varies more than a specified percentage from the intended
count. If the thick or thin place is more than one inch (2.54cm) wide then it is considered a major
defect in fabric grading.
A thick and thin place

A segment of yarn at least ¼ inch (0.6cm) long that is noticeably thicker than adjacent portions
of yarn is called the thick place. A segment of yarn at least 25% smaller in diameter than
adjacent portions of yarn is called the thin place.

GSM Calculation for Woven Fabric

List of Fabrics Used in Knit Garments Manufacturing

Seam Properties in Apparel | Seam Slippage | Seam Strength

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19 comments

19 comments

 thushara

March 28, 2016 at 4:19 pm

like

Reply
 Avinash Chaubal

April 25, 2016 at 2:35 pm

Nice collection and classification done!!!

Reply

 Subhasish Banerjee

April 27, 2016 at 1:02 am

Being Textile Professional, I appreciate such study and sharing Fabric damages. It would
be very useful for shopfloor people in Manufacturing in understanding such damages
cause loss in Gaments. Process control, Machines auditing and checking from time to
time also training to Weaver for avoiding such damages during operation.
Damage control is the topmost priority and means of cost cutting.

Inspection should be just checking and packing than counting points and decision making
whether Fresh packing is above 98% and customer need not to worry for any rejection at
their end.

Reply

 Manas pradhan

November 19, 2016 at 1:31 pm

Nice description of fabric defects.

Reply

 Shyam Sunder Bali

 January 24, 2017 at 11:43 am

Nice study done and presented in a nice format so that a person can learn also fro it.

Reply

 rifat

January 28, 2017 at 1:43 pm

good

Reply

 Amaan

March 13, 2017 at 3:41 pm

Very helpful.Easy to understand with images

Reply

o Mayedul Islam

March 18, 2017 at 7:58 pm

Thanks

Reply

 Santosh Arote

April 1, 2017 at 9:07 pm

 Good easy to understand. …….

Reply

 Repunjay singh

June 5, 2017 at 3:46 pm

Good eaisly to understand………………..

warm regards

Reply

 Md. Golam Kibriya

September 7, 2017 at 12:13 pm

It is very helpful for us who are working taking garments. Next we want more such as
post. Thank you so much.Thanks all.

Reply

 Balaji

February 2, 2018 at 6:05 pm

Very useful informations

Reply

 anuj kapoor
 September 6, 2018 at 1:50 pm

nice informative website

Reply

o Mayedul Islam

September 7, 2018 at 3:49 pm

Thanks.

Reply

 Eduardo

February 27, 2019 at 7:22 am

Nice description, thanks! I am working on image processing and I want to detect all these
kinds of defects, but my dataset is too bad. Do you have any picture that you can give
me?
Thanks a lot!

Reply

 Didarul Alam

July 5, 2019 at 5:56 pm

Understand clearly for image.

Reply
  Sazzad

June 13, 2020 at 4:58 am

This very help us

Reply

o Mayedul Islam

June 27, 2020 at 12:45 am

Thank you.

Reply

 Md.Rashedul islam

October 30, 2020 at 8:13 am

Very important learning issue.

Reply

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