Reading Comprehension:

 Non-Governmental Organizations

The acronym NGO stands for Non-Governmental Organisation which refers to all private voluntary but
legal associations concerned with sustainable development. For this purpose, these organizations play an
important role in empowering youth and women in Economic, social and environmental fields.

In the economic field, these organizations help women and youth to work not only by providing them with
micro-credits, but also by supporting them take the initiative in setting up their own enterprises and invest
their money appropriately through a trainings. In other words, they participate in fighting against poverty
especially in rural areas.

Socially, they work on improving the status and situation of women in society so as to achieve social justice
and establish a sort of equality between men and women by trying to increase literacy rates among women
through informal education. Additionally, they try to provide other basic social services such as health care,
running water and electrification of rural areas to stop rural exodus. Moreover, they work hard to eliminate
some harmful cultural behaviour like racism, stereotypes and violence against women and children.

As for the environmental side, NGOs do a lot to conserve natural resources for future generations and to
reduce pollution by sensitising people about the toxic danger of litter and trash. They also set up
programmes to preserve water, to plant trees and to take care of public gardens as well as to protect some
endangered species from extinction.

NGOs’ role, therefore, is so important that most of the projects connected to sustainable development are
based on their success and perseverance.

Comprehension questions:

1-        What are the domains that NGO’s try to improve ?

……………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………

2-       Who are the people concerned from this move?

……………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………

3-       What kind of social problems these NGO’s try to put an end to?

……………………………………………….………………………………………………………………

4-       How do they try to reduce pollution and preserve natural resources?

……………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………
Vocabulary:

Find in the text words that mean the same as:

a)       Make stronger …………………….        P 1 j)         Equity …………………….         P3

b)       Stand for …………………….        P1 k)       Reduce ………………….                  P3

c)  Without Sth* in return ………………        P 1 l)         Immigration …………………….     P3

d)       Domains …………………….        P1 m)     Give …………………….         P3

e)       Interested in …………………….        P1 n)      For example …………………….        P3

f)         Start up …………………….        P2 o)       Preserve …………………….     P4

g)       Assisting …………………….        P2 p)       Poisonous …………………….         P4

h)      Places …………………….        P2 q)       And …………………….        P4

i)         Position …………………….        P3 r)        So …………………….     P5

What do the underlined words refer to in the text?

1- Them …………………………… line 4
2- They ………………………….. line 6

Consider the text to complete the collocations:

a)     Social …………………………

b)    Fight  …………………………

c)     Rural …………………………

d)    Health …………………………

e)     Natural …………………………

Fill in the gaps with the following words:

In order to – as well as – in spite of – However – for – therefore – for instance -although

1-     She learned to read and write …………………………………. she was 59years old.

2-    NGOs help impoverished people ………………………………….. the environment.

3-    NOGs play a prominent role in society ……………………………… people are still ignorant and don’t
help these organizations. ………………………………….. NGOs collect garbage in one street, some people
throw it in the other.

4-    Most countries do their best …………………… prosperity and welfare.

5-     The rate if illiteracy is increasing day after day. …………………………. The government and NGOs
together should endeavor great efforts to reduce it.

6-    ………………………………………. the global warm menaces, developed as well as developing

countries are still giving off toxic and chemical waste.

7-     NGOs work hard ……………………………. improve people’s lives.

Focus on vocabulary:
Match the words in column A with those in column B to make collocations.

Column A Column B
1- health a- organization
2-       water b-       society
3-       social c-       development
4-       climate d-       energies
5-       raw e-       care
6-       micro f-        infrastructure
7-       money g-       change
8-       forest h-       pollution
9-       ecological i-         justice
10-   poverty j-         elimination
11-   energy k-       investment
12-   recycling l-         right
13-   transport m-     preservation
14-   property n-       crisis
15-   civil o-       materials
16-   on governmental p-       waste
17-   sustainable q-       enterprises
18-   renewable r-        areas
19-   urban s-       preservation

Writing:
Study the information in the following chart.

Project Area Environment preservation Now use the

chart to write
Goals of your project  reducing the amount of waste an application
 sensitising people to the dangers of letter to the
pollution local
 Creating green spaces and
authorities
playgrounds for both the adults and the asking
kids
Your main activities ( what are you going Planting trees and flowers
to do to meet the goals of your project)  Organising sensitisation
campaigns
 Providing enough dust bins in the
neighbourhood.
Requirements ( the equipment and things trees, seedlings and flowers
you would  need to implement your  Digging equipment such as
project) shovels, hoes and wheelbarrows.
 Dust bins in different colours.
Estimated budget ( How much money 35.000DH.
would you need to finance your project)