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Course covers
Generalized measurement systems
Functional elements
Static and Dynamic characteristics
Primary sensing elements
Transducers and associated topics
Measurement techniques for different variables
MEMS based transducers
Statistical characteristics
Dynamic characteristics
Range
The input range of an element is specified by the minimum and maximum values of
I, i.e. IMIN to IMAX. The output range is specified by the minimum and maximum
values of O, i.e. OMIN to OMAX.
Span
Span is the maximum variation in input or output, i.e. input span is IMAX IMIN, and
output span is OMAX OMIN.
It is the ratio of change in output of the system to the change in input to the
system,
Example:
If,
Then,
Repeatability is the ability of an element to give the same output for the same
input when repeatedly applied to it.
Lack of repeatability is mostly due to random effects in its environment i.e.
randomness in IM and II.
By making reasonable assumptions for probability density functions of the
inputs IM and II , the probability density function of output O can be found.
The most likely probability density function for I, IM and II is the Gaussian
distribution function.
Consider a temperature measurement system, shown in above figure. The model equation of Platinum
RTD is,
,
Also, the standard deviation and mean values of different components and variables are given as,
Calculate, standard deviation (uncertainty) in RT and i at a mean temperature value of 117 0C.
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