Compressor - Problem Solving

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1. 1 bar = how many kPa? 100 6. 224.53

2. 1 horsepower = how many kW? 0.746
3. 420.94

An air compressor which operates at 900 rpm has a

pistion displacement of 4500 cm^3. Determine the
mass flow rate of air at standard density
considering that the volumetric efficiency is 77%.
Answer in kg/hr.
An air compressor has a cylinder diameter of 140
7. 26.73
mm and a piston stroke of 200 mm. Air is taken in
at 0.98 bar and delivered at 7 bar with a clearance
volume of 10%. If the law of compression is PV^1.28
= C, calculate the volume of air delivered per
stroke.
Answer in cm^3.
4. 5.6
An air storage vessel has an internal volume of 566
liters. If the pressure is 40 atmospheres and the
temperature is 26 deg. C, compute the mass of the
air stored in it. Note: density = 1.293 kg/m^3.
answer in kg
8. 34.94
An air compressor is to compress 8.5 m^3/min from
98.56 kPa to 985.6 kPa. Assuming ideal conditions,
and with n = 1.3, what will be the saving in work due
to two staging?
Answer in kW.
5. 5.63

An air compressor takes air at 90 kPa and
discharges to 700 kPa. If the volume flow of
discharge is 1.3 m^3/s, compute the capacity of the
compressor.
Answer in m^3/s.
Air taken from the atmosphere at 100 kPa and 21
deg. C is delivered to the air receiver at 690 kPa
and 150 deg. C by means of a water jacketed
reciprocating compressor. The compressor has
rated capacity of 0.15 m^3/s free air. Determine the
power required to compress the air.
Answer in kW.
9. 23.28 11. 45.24

A compressor has a cylinder diameter of 80 mm

and the stroke of the piston is 160 mm. The
Air taken the atmospheric at 100 kPa and 21 deg. C
pressures at the beginning and end of compression
is deliverd to the air receiver at 689 kPaa and 150
are 1 bar and 5 bar respectively and the delivery
deg. C by means of a water jacketed reciprocating
valves open when the piston is 120 mm from the
compressor. The compressor has a rated capacity
beginning of compression. Find the clearance
of 360 m^3/hr free air. Determine the power
volume if the law of compression is PV^1.3 = C
required to compress the air.
Answer in cm^3
Answer in kW.
12. 1.37
10. 238.49

The bore and stroke of an air compressor are 276

A compressor piston has a stroke of 380 mm and
mm and 164 mm respectively. If the piston
the clearance volume of 7% of the stroke volume.
displacement is 0.039 m^3/s, what is the operating
At the beginning of compression stroke the
speed of the compressor.
pressure of air is 0.99 bar. When the piston has
Answer in RPM.
traveled 260 mm from the beginning of the
compression stroke the delivery valves open and
delivers air at 4 bar. Find the value of n, if the
compression follows the law PV^n = C.
13. 0.7571

Compute the volume of air drawn per minute in a

single-stage compressor that takes in 0.90 kg of air
per minute at atmospheric pressure and 24 deg. C
and compresses it to 10 atm of pressure, if the law
of compression is PV^1.2 = C. Use the specific
volume of air at 0 deg. C is equal to 0.7734 m^3/kg.
Answer in m^3
14. 8.57 17. 0.710

The cylinder of a single-acting compressor is 225

mm diameter and the stroke of the piston is 300 A double-acting compressor with piston
mm. It takes in air at 0.96 bar and delivers it at 4.8 displacement of 0.05 m^3 per stroke operates at
bar and makes four delivery strokes per second. 500 rpm. The clearance factor is 5% and it receives
Assuming that compression follows the law PV^n air at 100 kPa and discharges it at 600 kPa. The
= C and neglecting clearance, calculate the compression and re-expansion curve is polytropic
theoretical power required to drive the with n = 1.3. Determine the free air capacity of the
compressor when the value of the index of the compressor in m^3/s
law of compressor is 1.2
18. 157.54
answer in kW.
15. density of air at standard conditions. 1.2
kg/m^3
16. 0.8457
L

A double acting compressor with piston

displacement of 0.05 m^3 per stroke operates at
500 rpm. The clearance factor is 5% and it receives
air at 100 kPa and discharges it at 600 kPa. The
The diameter of an air compressor cylinder is 140 compression and re-expansion curve is polytropic
mm, the stroke of the piston is 180 mm, and the with n = 1.3. Determine the power required to
clearance volume is 77 cm^3. The pressure and compress the air.
temperature of the air in the cylinder at the end Answer in kW.
of the suction stroke and beginning of
compression is 0.97 bar and 13 deg. C. The
delivery pressure is constant at 4.2 bar. Taking the
law of compression as PV^1.3 = C, calculate the
volume of air delivered per stroke in liters.
19.
An ideal single stage air compressor without
clearance takes in air at 100 kPa with a temperature
of 16 deg. C and delivered at 413 kPa after isentropic
compression. What is the discharge work done by
the compressor in kJ/kg.
20.
If the power to drive shaft is 7 HP and the
mechanical efficiency is 74%, what is the actual
compressor power.
Answer in HP
-145 21. 0.2006
In a single-acting three stage tandem air
5.18 compressor, the piston diameters are 70, 335 and
375 mm diameter respectively, the stroke is 380
mm and it is driven directly from a motor running
at 250 rpm. The suction pressure is atmospheric
(1.013 bar) and the discharge is 45 bar gauge
pressure. Assuming that the air delivered to the
reservoir is cooled down to the initial suction
temperature and taking the volumetric efficiency
as 90% , calculate the volume of compressed air
delivered to the reservoirs per minute.
Answer in m^3/min
22. 4.8 or
5
Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) is manufactured by
compressing Propane gas to high pressures. A
multi-stage centrifugal compressor driven by
electric motor is installed to handle the job. The
compressor draws 500 liters per second of the
gas at 140 kPa and -35 deg. C. The gas is
delivered into a spherical tank elevated 7 m from
the centerline to the compressor. Discharge
pressure and temperature are 4.25 MPa and 45
deg. C respectively. Suction diameter is 50 cm
while the discharge is 30 cm. Rise in temperature
of water for cooling the compressor is 6 deg. C.
Take specific heat for propane as 1.65 kJ/kg-C and
M = 44 kg/kg-mol, SG = 0.55. Determine the no.
of stages are in the compressor if each stage can
develop a head of 160 m.
23.
The mean effective pressure of an air
compressor is 500 kPa. If the compressor work is
150 kW, what is the volume displacement in
m^3/min.
24.
The piston displacement of a double acting
compressor is 0.358 m^3/s delivers gas from
101.325 kPa and 300 K to 675 kPa at the rate of
0.166 m^3/s at 150 rpm. Value of n for
compression and expansion is 1.33. Find the
compression percent clearance.
Answer in %
25. Positive work is based on an engine when man
dreamed of some machine that replaces the
horse. A compressor and a pump for that matter
are the reverse of an engine in the sense that
they consume mechanical energy rather than
produce it. Therefore the work of a compressor
is always
26. Pressure drop at the discharge is (+/-)?
Pressure drop at the suction is (+/-)?
18 27. 17, 8.1
Reciprocating compressor is to compress 47 L/s of
dry air from 1 atm and 32 deg. C to 6 atm. The
clearance in the compressor is 0.05 and the over-
all efficiency is 65.6%. Calculate the actual power
required to drive the compressor assuming
16.96
isentropic compression and the piston
displacement if the compressor is double acting
and operating at 200 strokes per minute.
28. -32.02
A rotary compressor receives 8 m^3/min. of a gas
(R = 0.410 kJ/kg-K, Cp = 1.03 kJ/kg-K) at 108 kPa,
27 deg. C and delivers it at 650 kPa. Find the work
if compression is polytropic with PV^1.3 = C.
Answer in kW.
negative
+
-
29. 17.28 31. 203.59

A single acting air compressor has a volumetric

efficiency of 87% operates at 500 rpm. It takes in
air at 100 kPa and 30 deg. C and discharges it at
600 kPa. The air handles is 6 m^3/min measured at
A single-acting air compressor has a clearance discharge condition. If compression is isentropic,
volume of 10%. Air is received at 90 kPa and 293 K find the mean effective pressure in kPa.
and is discharge at 600 kPa. The compression and
32. 0.0819
re-expansion curve are polytropic with n = 1.28. The
pressure drop is 5 kPa at the suction port and 10 kPa
at the discharge port. The compressor pistion
displacement is 500 cm^3 when operating at 900
rpm. determine the mass of air compressed in kg/hr.
30. 9.69

A single acting air compressor operates at 150

rpm with an initial condition of air at 97.9 kPa and
27 deg. C and discharges the air at 379 kPa to a
cylindrical tank. The bore and stroke are 355 mm
and 381 mm respectively with 5% clearance. If the
surrounding air is at 100 kPa and 20 deg. C while
the compression and expansion process are
PV^1.3 = C, determine the free air capacity in
A single acting air-compressor has a cylinder m^3/s.
diameter of 250 mm and the piston stroke of 400
mm. It runs at 2.5 rev/s taking air at 1.01 bar and
delivering it at 5.5 bar. Calculate the indicated
power when the law of compression is PV^1.2 = C
and clearance is to be neglected.
Answer in kW.
33.
A single acting, single stage reciprocating
compressor is required to deliver 50 kg per hour
from 100 kPa and 25 deg. C conditions to 900 kPa
delivery pressure. The compression is expected to
follow PV^1.25 = C. Determine the required power of
the compressor under ideal conditions.
Answer in kW.
34.
A single acting two-stage air compressor delivers air
at 16 bar. The volume flow rate of air entering the
compressor is 17 m^3/min with the temperature and
pressure of 33 deg. C and 1 bar respectively. If the
compressor is designed for minimum work and
complete intercooling, determine the power
required to drive the first stage if it follows the
compression law of PV^1.3 = C.
Answer in kW.
3.28 35. 16.95
A single cylinder, double acting compressor with
bore and stoke of 45 cm x 45 cm is tested at 150
rpm and found to deliver a gas from 101.3 kPa and
300 K to 675 kPa at a rate of 0.166 m^3/s when n =
1.33 for compression and expansion process?
Calculate the percent clearance.
Answer in %
46.3 36. 132.2
A single cylinder, double-acting reciprocating
compressor is designed to handle 3000 cm^3 of air
at 99 kPa per revolution. The air is to be
compressed to 594 kPa according to the PV^1.32 =
C. The clearance factor is to be 6% and the stroke
to bore ratio is unity. Assume that displacement of
crank end and head end are the same and no
pressure drop in valves. Calculate the cylinder
dimensions in mm.
37.
A single stage air compressor handles 0.454 m^3/s
of atmospheric pressure, 27 deg. C air, and delivers
it to a receiver at 652.75 kPa. Its volumetric
efficiency is 0.72, its compression efficiency on an
isothermal basis is 0.85 and its mechanical
efficiency is 0.90. If it rotates at 350 rpm, what
power in kW is required to drive it?
Answer in kW.
38.
A single-stage air compressor has a cylinder
diameter of 250 mm, the stroke of the piston is 350
mm, and the clearance volume of 900 cm^3. Air is
taken in at 0.986 bar and delivered at 4.1 bar. Using
the law of compression PV^1.25 = C, calculate the
distance traveld by the piston from the beginning
of compression stroke the moment delivery valves
open.
Answer in mm.
112.02 39. 4.07
liters
A single-stage compressor compresses 0.0424 m^3
of air at a pressure of 1 bar. If the clearance volume
in the cylinder is 1230 cm^3 and the discharge
pressure is 8 bars, calculate the volume of air
delivered per stroke considering that it is an
isothermal expansion
40. 262
250.5
A single stage double acting reciprocating
compressor is guaranteed to deliver 0.236 m^3/s of
free air with a clearance factor of 3% and suction
conditions of 100 kPa and 21 deg. C and delivery
pressure of 725 kPa. When tested under these
condition it satisfies the manufacturer's guarantee,
and test results show that compression and re-
expansion curve follows PV^1.34 = C. A 75 kW, 750
RPM, 3 phase, 440 V motor is used for drive. What is
the piston displacement of the unit.
Answer in L/s
41. 120.1 45. 42.56,
77.40

A single-stage single acting air compressor,

running at 5 rev/s; has air intake of 22.8 liters at
atmospheric pressure and 25 deg. C. If it
compresses 5.7 liters in accordance with the
compression law PV^1.2 =C, calculalte the
temperature of the air at the end of compression
Answer in deg. C.
42. Standard air pressure and temperature
A turbo-compressor is a gas turbine plant used to
compress 10 kg/s air from an initial pressure of 102
kPa to a discharge pressure of 622 kPa, with inlet
and discharge temperature measured at 297 K and
101.325 527 K respectively. The compressor inlet pipe is 50
kPa and cm I.D. and the discharge pipe is 20 cm I.D. Find the
21.11 inlet and discharge velocities of air.
deg. C. Answer in m/s.

43. 70.15 46. 5.013

A two cylinder single acting air compressor is

directly coupled to an electric motor running at
1000 rpm. Other data are as follows:
The stroke of the piston of an air compressor is
Size of cylinder = 150 mm x 200 mm
250 mm and the clearance volume is equal to 6%
Clearance volume = 10% of displacement volume
of the stroke volume. The pressure of the air at
Exponent n for both compression and re-
the beginning of the compression of 0.98 bar
expansion process = 1.6
and it is discharged at 3.8 bar. Assuming
Air constant =1.4
compression to follow the law PV^n = C, where
Air molecular mass = 29
n = 1.25, calculate the distance moved by the
Calculate the volume rate of air delivery in terms
piston from the beginning of its pressure stroke
of standard air for a delivery pressure 8 times
before the discharge valves opens. Express this
ambient pressure under ambient air conditions of
as a percentage of the stroke.
300 K and 100 kPa.
44. H= Answer in m^3/min.
Pressure
head +
Static
Head +
Total head created by a compressor? Velocity
Head
47. 1.31 50. 70.49

A two-stage air compressor at 90 kPa and 20 deg. A two stage compressor receives 0.35 kg/s of air at
C discharges at 700 kPa. Find the polytropic 100 kPa and 269 K and delivers it at 5000 kPa. Find
exponent(n) if the intercooler intake temperature the heat transferred in the intercooler.
is 100 deg. C. Answer in kW.
48. 339.87 51. 1661,
649

A two-stage air compressor has a suction pressure

of 101.325 kPa and a discharge pressure of 1,140
kPa. What is the intercooler pressure in kPa.
49.
A two-stage, double acting, L-type air compressor
77.68 16 x 10 x 7 in, 600 rpm, has a free air unloaded at
each end for capacity control. It is driven through
V-belts by a 150 HP electric motor, 460 V, 3 phase,
60 Hz and 1200 rpm. Barometric pressure is 125 psi
gage. calculate the piston displacement in m^3/hr.

A two stage compresor with first stage piston

displacement of 94,390 cm^3/s is driven by a
motor. Motor output is 35 HP, suction temperature
is 22 deg. C, volumetric efficiency 85%, mechanical
efficiency 95%, the intercooler pressure is 30 psi
gage. Air temperature in and out of the
intercooler are 105 deg. C and 44 deg. C. Final
discharge pressure is 100 psi gage, suction
estimated 14.5 psi. Find the compression
efficiency.
Answer in %.
52. 23.65 56. Work for a water Total power = Work of the
jacketed compressor compressor - Heat Rejected

A two stage, double acting reciprocating

compressor is rated at 100 L/s of free air . It
compresses the air according to the relation
PV^1.32 = C, from 100 kPa initial presure with
temperature of 32 deg. C to 800 kPa delivery
pressure when operating at 200 rpm and a
clearance factor of 8% in each cylinder. Calculate
the work input to the compressor.
Answer in kW.
53. Value for Gas Constant of Air in kJ/kg-K 0.287
54. water-filled casing surrounding a device, typically water
a metal sheath having intake and outlet vents to jacket
allow water to be pumped through and circulated.
The flow of water to an external heating or cooling
device allows precise temperature control of the
device.
55. 25

A water jacketed compressor receives 140 L/s air

at 100 kPa and 21 deg. C and discharges the air at
500 kPa and 140 deg. C. Cooling water entering at
16 deg. C and leaving at 21 deg. C is circulated at
the rate of 0.18 L/s. Determine the power required
for the driving motor for this compressor. Assume
friction losses associated with rotating parts
account to 5% of the total power required.
Answer in kW.