CONCLUSION

In conclusion, according to our study about this topic, for humans it was quite
normal for us to experience trauma or stress in our life. Because of this, our brain and
memory are affected. The effects of stress and trauma damage a person's brain
function and memory and can be debilitating. When stress and trauma occur, several
brain areas are activated, including the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus.
This area will undergo constant changes due to stress and trauma, and mostly it was a
negative effect. High amounts of stress can damage the body's standard stress
response mechanism, affecting our physical and mental health. For our brain, chronic
stress can reduce brain size and weight, resulting in a shrinking effect and, as a result,
atrophy, and the main area of the brain affected is the prefrontal cortex. A constant
flood of stress hormones can also damage your immune system and kill the brain
cells, leaving you more prone to infections. For our memory, people who suffer from
stress can cause both short-term and long-term memory loss. These two types of
memory are ineffective for those who have chronic stress. Due to stress, the memory
becomes weak, and it is difficult for people affected to focus or concentrate on
something. Their capacity to remember things is also impaired.
When we consider the impact of trauma on the brain, we can see that some
people are able to avoid long-term effects. For others, though, those memories stick,
causing symptoms like recall something bad, phobia, and unwanted emotions that
affect with their life. PTSD, or post-traumatic stress disorder, is a treatable disorder of
key biological mechanisms that enable us to deal with any situations such as severe or
uncontrollable situations. The hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex are
engaged in PTSD, because they might generate feelings of threat and hopelessness,
which trigger the brain's alarm system. If the effects of trauma or PTSD are not
treated immediately, it will potentially be detrimental to the individual experiencing
it. Being exposed to traumatic events on our daily routine can have a great influence
on neuronal connections in the memory centre, particularly our long-term memory. It
can even change the way we remember actual events that happen to us in our real life.
Learning how to cope with this problem can help minimize these effects. Because
if we want to overcome this problem, people who suffer from it need to have the
courage make a change in their life. The thing they can do is try exercise such as yoga
or jogging which can calm their body and mind. Get at least seven hours of sleep.
Seek support from friends and loved ones, create a new memory and spend more time
doing an activity that will bring a new memory that can replace the traumatic event in
their life, and if necessary, talk to a mental health professional. The better they able to
handle about their problem which is stress and trauma, the less likely that life's bumps
will knock them off track.
We hope that in the future everyone who suffers from stress and trauma can
overcome their problems and hopefully more research is done on the effects of stress
and trauma on the brain and memory, so that patients who have this problem can deal
with their problems more preparedness.