TOPIC 18: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: ARENES

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
1(a) Test – add bromine water (1) (2)
Result – bromine not decolourised (1)
1(b)(i) NO2+ (1) (1)
1(b)(ii) H2SO4 + HNO3  NO2+ + HSO4‒ + H2O (1) Accept HNO3 + 2H2SO4  H3O + +
2HSO4‒ + NO2+ (1)
Accept HNO3 + H2SO4  HSO4‒ + H2NO3+
followed by H2NO3+  H2O + NO2+

(Total for Question 1 = 4 marks)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
2(a) Benzene – Al / Fe OR AlBr3 / FeBr3 catalyst and room temperature (1) (2)
Ethene – room temperature (1)
2(b) Benzene – (electrophilic) substitution (1) (3)
Ethene – (electrophilic) addition (1)
Both reactions described as electrophilic (1)
(Total for Question 2 = 5 marks)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
3(a) C (90.56 ÷ 12.0) = 7.55 AND H (9.44 ÷ 1) = 9.44 (1) (2)
Ratio 1 : 1.25 is 4 : 5 (1)

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3(b) (106 ÷ 53) = 2 so C8H10 (1) (1)
3(c) 1 mark for each correct structure (4)

(4)

(Total for Question 3 = 7 marks)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
4(a) White precipitate (1) (2)
Bromine decolourised (1)
4(b) The lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom is incorporated into the (2)
delocalised electrons of the benzene ring increasing its electron density (1)
The benzene ring is now attractive to an electrophile / to Br+ (1) Accept the benzene ring is now
more susceptible to electrophilic
attack
(Total for Question 4 = 4 marks)

TOTAL FOR ASSESSMENT = 20 MARKS

© Pearson Education Ltd 2019. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. This document may have been altered from the original.