Tafila Technical University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of electrical eng.

Applied electricity Lab

Experiment # 1
Experiment name: Resistors and color codes.

Prepared by : Yousef ahmad naddaf.

Instructor : D. Jalal Abdullah.
Section : Monday 8-11.
Date : 25/10/2021.
#Introduction:
Many electrical circuits contain multiple variations of resistor networks.
Resistors play a vital role in the distribution and limiting of electric
current in a circuit. Learning to identify and measure the values of
these components to effectively design and trouble shoot electrical and
electronic circuits is vital when building a circuit. Each resistor has three
to five colored bandson them that represent different values.
Reading and decoding these bands allows you to determine a
resistor’s value and accuracy.

#Objectives:
1. To show and describe the basic types of resistors.
2. To show how can we measure the resistance by ohmmeter.
3. Identify resistance by color code or labeling.

#Equipment:
1. Different carbon resistors
2. Wires.
3. Multi meters.

#Theory:
There are many different types of resistors available which can be used
in both electrical and electronic circuits not only as loads, but also for
distributing the current or for producing a voltage drop in many
different ways. But in order to do this, the actual resistor needs to have
some form of “resistive” or “resistance” value.

It is not possible to manufacture all value of resistors right from one

Ohm ( Ω ) to millions of Ohms. So, only a set of preferred values of
resistors is generally made with their resistance value printed onto
their body in colored ink.

Also, in a manufacturing process, in which thousands of resistors are

made in a day, it is not possible to adjust every ordinary resistor to an
exact value. The term 'tolerance' denotes the acceptable deviation in
the resistance value of a resistor and is expressed as a percentage of its
“nominal” or preferred value.

The resistance value, tolerance, and wattage rating are the main
specification of resistor which are generally printed onto its body as
numbers or letters when the resistors body is big enough to read the
print, such as large power resistors. But when the resistor is small such
as a 1/4 watt carbon or film type, these specifications must be shown in
some other manner as the print would be too small to read.

So to overcome this, small resistors use colored painted bands to

indicate both their resistive value and their tolerance with the physical
size of the resistor indicating its wattage rating. These colored painted
bands produce a system of identification generally known as a Resistor
Color Code.
#Procedures:
1- Mesure a different carbon resistors by using color-coded method.
2-Mesure a different carbon resistors by using ohmmeter .
3- Record the values.
 #Result and calculation:
Case 1 band 2 band 3band Resistance tolerance Measured
value value

1 blue grey orange 68000 Ω +-5% 69600 Ω

2 brown green black 15 Ω +-5% 15.1 Ω

#Discussion:
1-For a resistor value of 530 kΩ, write the first, second and third color
for this resistor?
Green orange yellow
5 3 10000 = 530 kΩ
2. Find the relative error between measured value and color-coded
value for table?
3. What are the functions of resistors in electrical circuits?
resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide
voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines.
4. What are the basic uses of variable resistors?
Variable resistors are widely used in electric circuits to adjust the value
of current or voltage, since the resistance of variable resistors can be
set to a certain value. Variable resistors allow you to adjust the value of
voltage by changing the resistance and keeping current constant.

#conclusion:
During this lab, the resistance values of resistors was determined by
matching band colors with their numerical values based on a chart. The
bands also indicated a tolerance value. A Multi Meter was used to
measure the actual resistance of the resistors and the values were
compared to their band values.