SRI SRI RAVISHANKAR VIDYA

MANDIR

BIOLOGY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT

ESTIMATION
ESTIMATION OF REL ATIVE AMOUNT OF CAFFEINE IN
DIFFERENT BRANDS OF TEA

S.PAVITHARA

XII
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 ROLL NO. 18

1
 CERTIFICATE

It is here! "erti#e$ th%t S.PAVITHARA &' "(%ss XII h%s

s%tis'%"t&ri(! "&)*(ete$ the I+,esti-%t&r! Pr&.e"t i+ the s/.e"t
&' Bi&(&-! &+ the t&*i" “ESTIMATION OF RELATIVE AMOUNT
OF CAFFEINE IN DIFFERENT BRANDS OF TEA” i+ the s"h&&(
(%&r%t&r!

 The &r2 "%rrie$ &/t t& i+,esti-%te %&/t the s/.e"t )%tter
%+$ the re(%te$ $%t% "&((e"ti&+ is &ri-i+%( %+$ -e+/i+e %+$ h%s
ee+ "&)*(ete$ s&(e(! %+$ s%tis'%"t&ri(! ! the st/$e+t

SIGNATURE of TEACHER

SIGNATURE of PRINCIPAL

3
 ACKNO4LEDGEMENT

I &/($ (i2e t& e5*ress )! -r%tit/$e t& )! te%"her MrsLEENA

SINGH %s e(( %s the *ri+"i*%( &' )! i+stit/ti&+ MrsMAMATHA
RAVIPRAKASH h& -%,e )e the -&($e+ &**&rt/+it! t& "%rr! &/t
this &+$er'/( *r&.e"t &+ the t&*i" 6Esti)%ti&+ O' Re(%ti,e
A)&/+t O' C%7ei+e I+ Di7ere+t Br%+$s O' Te%8 thr&/-h hi"h I
(e%r+t )%+! thi+-s I %) ,er! th%+2'/( t& the)

Se"&+$(!9 I &/($ %(s& (i2e t& th%+2 &/r L% %ssist%+ts

MrDINESH %+$ MrGURURAJ h& *r&,i$e$ )e ith the '%"i(ities
%+$ "&+$/"ti,e "&+$iti&+s re:/ire$ '&r &+;ti)e "&)*(eti&+ &' 
this Pr&.e"t I %(s& &/($ (i2e t& th%+2 )! *%re+ts %+$ 'rie+$s
h& he(*e$ )e % (&t i+ #+%(i<i+- %+$ "&)*(eti+- this *r&.e"t
ithi+ the (i)ite$ ti)e 'r%)e The err&rs %+$ i+"&+siste+"ies9 i' 
%+!9 re)%i+ )! &+

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 CONTENTS

SL.NO TITLE PAGE NO.

1 CERTIFICATE 1

2 ACKNO4LEDGEMENT 3

3 INTRODUCTION >

4 AIM OF THE PROJECT ?

 APPARATUS ?

! PRINCIPLE ?

" PROCEDURE @

8 OBSERVATION 10

# RESULT 10

1$ INFERENCE 10

11 REFERENCES 11

1

>
 INTRODUCTION

 Te% Thea sinensis is the )&st "&))&+(! %+$ i$e(! /se$ s&'t e,er%-e
i+ the h&/seh&($ It %"ts %s % sti)/(%+t '&r "e+tr%( +er,&/s s!ste) %+$
s2e(et%( )/s"(es %+$ there'&re re)&,es '%ti-/e9 tire$+ess %+$ he%$%"he
It %(s& i+"re%ses the "%*%"it! &' thi+2i+- It is %(s& /se$ '&r (&eri+- &$!
te)*er%t/re The *ri+"i*%( "&+stit/e+t &' te%9 hi"h is res*&+si(e '&r %((
these *r&*erties9 is the %(2%(&i$;"%7ei+e The %)&/+t &' "%7ei+e i+ te%
(e%,es ,%ries 'r&) s%)*(e t& s%)*(e

•  The )&st i)*&rt%+t )eth!(%te$ %(2%(&i$ th%t &""/rs +%t/r%((! is

"%7ei+e
C 8 H 10 N 4 O2
•  Its )&(e"/(%r '&r)/(% is
•  Its IUPAC +%)e is 19 =9 @;tri)eth!(5%+the+e %+$ "&))&+ +%)e is
1;)eth!(%te$ thi&r&)i+e
• P/re(! it is hite9 "r!st%((i+e s&(i$ i+ the '&r) &' +ee$(es
• Its )e(ti+- *&i+t is 13=0C

 PROPERTIES OF CAFFEINE
• It is % itter %(2%(&i$
• It is *s!"h&  sti)/(%+t
• It i)*r&,es *h!si"%( %+$ )e+t%( %i(it!
• Its e7e"t i+ (e%r+i+- is $&/t'/( /t i+te((e"t/%( *er'&r)%+"e )%!
i)*r&,e %s it h%s ee+ /se$ t& re$/"e '%ti-/e &r &re$&)
• 4he+ %$)i+istere$ i+ter+%((!9 it sti)/(%tes the he%rt %+$ +er,&/s
s!ste)
• It is % )i($ $i/reti" ie it i+"re%ses /ri+e &/t*/t
• O+ the "&+tr%r! their e5"essi,e /se *r&,es t& e h%<%r$&/s %+$
their (&+- /se )%! (e%$ t& )e+t%( ret%r$%ti&+9 $i-esti&+ re(%te$
*r&(e)s9 re+%( )%('/+"ti&+9 +er,&/s+ess9 et"

U%&% of C'(&)*&+
• I+ )e$i"i+e9 it is /se$ t& sti)/(%te9 "e+tr%( +er,&/s s!ste) %+$ t&
i+"re%se & &' /ri+e
• C%7ei+e h%s ee+ /se$ t& re(ie,e '%ti-/e e"%/se &' its sti)/(%ti+-
e7e"ts B/t it is $%+-er&/s %+$ &+e )%! "&((%*se i' +&t "&+s/)es it
/+$er "ert%i+ (i)it


• C%7ei+e is %(s& /se$ i+ %+%(-esi" t%(ets9 %s it is e(ie,e$ t& e %
*%i+ re(ie,er It is %(s& e+e#"i%( i+ )i-r%i+es

?
FIGURE 1 CAFFEINE MOLECULE

FIGURE 3 CAFFEINE PURE PO4DER

FIGURE = CRSTAL STRUCTURE OF CAFFEINE

@
AIM OF THE PROJECT

 T& esti)%te the re(%ti,e %)&/+t &' "%7ei+e *rese+t i+ ,%ri&/s

r%+$s &' te%

APPARATUS REUIRED

• BEAKERS
• BUNSEN BURNER
•  TRIPOD STANDS
• 4IRE GAUE
• FUNNEL
• SEPERATING FUNNEL
• FILTER PAPER
• DIGITAL 4EIGH BALANCE
• GLASS ROD
• SAMPLES OF ATLEAST 3 DIFFERENT BRANDS OF TEA

CHEMICALS

CH 
¿
COO
• LEAD ACETATE  ¿3¿  
¿
¿

  CHCl3
• CHLOROFORM  

PRINCIPLE

C%7ei+e is the )%i+ %"ti,e *ri+"i*(e "&)*&+e+t &' te% (e%,es

 It is *rese+t i+ te% (e%,es /* t& = %+$ "%+ e e5tr%"te$ ! #rst &i(i+-
the te% (e%,es ith %ter hi"h $iss&(,es )%+! -(!"&si$e "&)*&/+$s i+
%$$iti&+ t& "%7ei+e

 The "(e%r s&(/ti&+ is the+ tre%te$ ith (e%$ %"et%te t& *re"i*it%te the
-(!"&si$e "&)*&/+$s i+ the '&r) &' (e%$ "&)*(e5

 The "(e%r #(tr%te is the+ &i(e$ %+$ re$/"e$ t& &+e thir$ its i+iti%( ,&(/)e
It is (%ter e5tr%"te$ ith "h(&r&'&r) e"%/se "%7ei+e is )&re s&(/(e i+ it


th%+ i+ %ter This "h(&r&'&r) e5tr%"t is (%ter e5*&se$ i+ &r$er t& %((&
e,%*&r%ti&+ &' "h(&r&'&r)


 PROCEDURE

•  T%2e %t (e%st t& $i7ere+t r%+$s &' te% here9 6Br&&2e B&+$ three r&ses8
r%+$ %+$ 6Tet(e! -ree+ te%8 r%+$ %re t%2e+
•  T& 10 )( &' %ter %$$ 0 - &' te% (e%,es9 i+ % e%2er The+ he%t the
e%2er t& e5tre)e &i(i+-
• Fi(ter the s&(/ti&+ %+$ %$$ (e%$ %"et%te t& the #(tr%te9 (e%$i+- t& the
'&r)%ti&+ &' % "/r$! r&+ "&(&/re$ *re"i*it%te
• C&+ti+/e %$$i+- (e%$ %"et%te ti(( +& )&re *re"i*it%te h%s ee+ '&r)e$
• A-%i+ #(ter the s&(/ti&+
•  The #(tr%te s& &t%i+e$ is he%te$ /+ti( it h%s e"&)e 0 )( %((& it t&
"&&(
• A$$ 30 )( &' "h(&r&'&r) t& the #(tr%te T& (%!ers %**e%r
• Se*%r%te the (&er (%!er /si+- % se*%r%ti+- '/++e(
• E5*&se the s&(/ti&+ t& the %t)&s*here i+ &r$er t& %((& the "h(&r&'&r) t&
-et e,%*&r%te$
•  The resi$/e (e't ehi+$ is "%7ei+e
• 4ei-h the resi$/e
• Per'&r) the %&,e *r&"e$/re ith $i7ere+t s%)*(es &' te% (e%,es %+$
&ser,e the :/%+tit! &' "%7ei+e i+ the)
•  T%/(%te !&/r &ser,%ti&+s
•  The re(%ti,e *er"e+t%-e %)&/+t &' "%7ei+e *rese+t i+ % -i,e+ te%
s%)*(e is "%("/(%te$ /si+- the '&r)/(%

Weight of caffeine
 × 100
 Initial weight of tea sample

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FIGURE >;SAMPLE OF GREEN TEA UEDS TETLEY GREEN TEA

FIGURE ;SAMPLE OF RED LABEL TEA USED BROOKE BOND = ROSES

FIGURE ?; BOILING OF TEA LEAVES

11
 FIGURE @;
 CURDY BRO4N PRECIPITATE FORMED AFTER ADDING LEAD ACETATE

FIGURE ;THE PRECIPITATED MITURE IS FILTERED

FIGURE ; THE FILTERED MITURE IS BOILED

OBSERVATIONS

13
 SL BRAND OF TEA SAMPLE INITIAL 4EIGHT 4EIGHT OF PERCENTAGE
NO OF TEA SAMPLE CAFFEINE OF CAFFEINE
OBTAINED PRESENT
1 Br&&2e &+$ = R&ses 30? - 0?1 - 3@
Re$ L%e(
2 Br&&2e &+$ = R&ses 31 - 0?3 - 3
Re$ L%e(
3  Tet(e! Gree+ Te% 1?0 - 0=3 - 1
Gree+ L%e(
4  Tet(e! Gree+ Te% 1 - 0= - 3
Gree+ L%e(

RESULT

 THE AVERAGE AMOUNT OF CAFFEINE PRESENT IN

A Re$ (%e( te%  3@

B Gree+ (%e( te%  1

 THEREFORE, RED LABEL TEA CONTAINS APPRECIABLE AMOUNT OF

CAFFEINE9 SLIGHTLY MORE THAN GREEN LABEL TEA.

INFERENCE

 The res/(ts &t%i+e$ %re %Qr)%ti,e B&th the r%+$s &' te% teste$ *&siti,e
'&r "%7ei+e C&)*%risi&+ etee+ the r%+$s re,e%(e$ th%t Br&&2e &+$ =
r&ses re$ (%e( "&+t%i+e$ s(i-ht(! hi-her (e,e(s &' "%7ei+e hi"h )%! e
res*&+si(e '&r etter e+h%+"e$ %,&/r %+$ is "&)*%r%ti,e(! % etter
e+er-! *r&,i$er H&e,er9 Tet(e! -ree+ te% -ree+ (%e( %(s& -%,e
s%tis'%"t&r! res/(ts

 T& %,&i$ %$,erse e7e"ts te% ith &*ti)%( %)&/+t &' "%7ei+e sh&/($ e
"&+si$ere$

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REFERENCES

Books

•  T&-ether ith Bi&(&-! L% M%+/%( C(%ss 13

• E5*(&ri+- Bi&(&-! '&r Me$i"%( E+tr%+"es ! Sudhakar Banerjee %+$
Sanjay Sharma
• NCERT Bi&(&-! C(%ss 13

Web

• 4i2i*e$i% htt*se+i2i*e$i%&r-i2iC'(&)*&
• i"se"&) *r&.e"tsi"se"&)  Che)istr!
• G&&-(e I)%-es

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