GERUND AND TO-INFINITIVE

A/ LÝ THUYẾT
I) GERUND: là nhữ ng độ ng từ thêm –ing.
* Nhữ ng độ ng từ theo sau bở i GERUND:

admit (thừ a nhậ n) suggest (đề nghị) risk : liều

lĩnh

avoid (trá nh) give up (bỏ ) recollect

(hồ i tưở ng lạ i)

appreciate (đá nh giá cao) hate (ghét) regret

(hố i tiếc ,â n hậ n)

consider (cho là ,xem là ) imagine = fancy (tưở ng tượ ng) resist

( ghịu đượ c, chố ng lạ i)

deny (phủ nhậ n) mention (đề cậ p ,nó i đến) start /

begin

delay (trì hoã n) mind (phả n đố i,phiền) support

(ủ ng hộ )

detest = dislike : ko thích mean (invole)

understand

discuss (talk about) miss (nhớ /bỏ lỡ ) spend

dread (sợ ) prefer (thích hơn)

enjoy (thưở ng thứ c) prevent (ngă n)

escape (trố n thoá t) postpone = put off (trì hoã n)

finish (hoà n thà nh) quit (từ bỏ )

forgive recall (gợ i lạ i,nhớ lạ i)

like / love / hate / enjoy / dislike + V-ing : sở thích

* Những thành ngữ với “go +V-ing”:

Go camping (đi cắ m trạ i) go shopping (đi mua sắ m) go
swimming

Go dancing (đi khiêu vũ ) go fishing (đi câ u cá ) go

sightseeing

* Preposition + gerund (giới từ +gerund):

be interested in (thích thú ) think about (nghĩ về) apologize for

(xin lỗ i về)

insist on (khă ng khă ng về) talk about (nó i về) instead of

(thay vì)

look forward to (mong đợ i)

II) TO-INFINITIVE
* Những động từ theo sau bởi TO-INFINITIVE:

decide to (quyết định) pretend to (giả vờ ) would like to

hope to (hi vọ ng) expect to (mong chờ ) be able to

want to mean to (muố n) be willing to ( sẵ n

sà ng)

need to try to (cố gắ ng) be going to

ask to fail to (rớ t) manage to ( xoay sở )

demand to (yêu cầ u)… deserve to (xứ ng đá ng) volunteer to

agree to (đồ ng ý) struggle to ( đấ u tranh) appear to

consent to (đồ ng ý) offer to (cung cấ p/ cố ng hiến) warn to

refuse to (từ chố i) plan to (dự định) intend to

beg to (cầ u xin) care to (quan tâ m) swear to (thề)

claim to (đò i hỏ i, thỉnh cầ u) threaten to (đe dọ a) promise to (hứ a)

hestiate to (do dự ) afford to (đủ khả nă ng) learn to ( họ c)

begin / start continue seem to

- like / love / prefer : dù ng để diễn tả việc thích hoặ c muố n là m 1 việc gì đó và o 1 thờ i điểm
cụ thể nà o đó .

* Verb +O +To-infinitive:

want s.o to encourage s.o to

need s.o to remind s.o to

ask s.o to (hỏ i , nhờ ) invite s.o to

Would like s.o to permit s.o to

advise s.o to (khuyên) allow s.o to

tell s.o to (bả o) warn s.b to (cả nh bá o)

request s.o to (yêu cầ u); order s.o to (ra lệnh)

require s.o to (đò i hỏ i) force s.o to

order s.o to (ra lệnh).

Ex: She advises me to leave here early.

B/ EXERCISES

1/ Complete the sentences using a verb from the box. Put the verbs into
the gerunds.
go cry live read work take smoke get up be

a. He loves ……working………… in the garden.

b. I really enjoy ……………….. in the bed on Sunday mornings.

c. Are you going to give up ………………….?

d. Joe started ……………….. to school by bike last week.

e. Sylvia suggested ………………..the train to Scotland as it’s faster than the car.

f. I hate ………………… early in the morning.

g. The baby stopped ……………… when her mother came home.

h. She’s enjoying university but she misses ……………… with her old friends.
 i. Do they like ……………….. in their new home?

j. I’m going to finish ……………….. this book tonight.

2/ Complete the sentences using the verbs from the box. Use the to-
infinitive.

have pay help sleep do post leave go

visit drive
a. I forgot ……to do….. my homework last night.

b. She’s hoping …………….. to university next year.

c. He offered ……………….. me but I said no because I didn’t really need any help.

d. Did you remember ……………….those letters?

e. She decided …………….. her job because the pay was so bad.

f. Are you learning ……………..?

g. I wanted …………….. a picnic but the weather was terrible.

h. We tried …………….. but there was a lot of noise outside.

i. We’re planning …………………my cousin in Australia.

j. He agreed …………….for the broken window.

3/ Complete the sentences with the verbs in the correct form (gerund or
to-infinitive).
a. Don’t forget ……to phone… your mother. (phone)

b. I love ….being… on my own and …listening…to music. (be/listen)

c. Do you want …………… tonight? (go out)

d. Would you like ………………… to the beach this afternoon? (go)

e. I remembered …………… all the doors but I forgot the lights. (lock/ turn off)

f. Are you planning …………. On holiday this year? (go)

g. He agreed ……………….me after I wrote him a letter. (see)

h. I enjoy …………….. your leters very much. (read)

i. We like ……………….here but we miss …………….to our old friends. (live/ talk)

j. I’d like ……………….a job with a foreign company. (get)

k. I’m going to learn ………………….. Spanish before we go to Spain for our holidays next
year. (speak)

l. Matthew suggested ………………….for a meal but I wanted ………………….at home. (go

out/ stay)

m. I don’t like ………………… violent films. (watch)

n. When I was a child, I hated …………….in the dark. (sleep)

o. She finished ………………….. the book but then she decided ……………….. another one.
(write/start)

p. We’re hoping ……………………… the house next week. (finish/ paint)

q. I am hoping …………….. ………….. at the factory soon. (stop/ work)

r. He’s very mean – he never offers …………………….. for anything. (pay)

s. I tried …………………… sugar in my tea but I didn’y like it. (give up/ take)