18EEE10- SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS

Module I – World Energy Scenario

1.1 - Introduction

1.2 - Global energy demand availability

1.3 – Energy utilization in various sectors and its changing

pattern
1.4 - Exponential increase in energy consumption

1.5 - Projected future demands

 1.1. Introduction

1.1 Renewable Resources:

A renewable resource is a resource which can be used repeatedly
and replaced naturally. Renewable energy almost never runs out.

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 1.1. Introduction

•
Geothermal

Nuclear
Solar Coal
Wind

Hydroelectric
Biomass

This video describes about what is renewable energy

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 1.1. Introduction
1.1.2 Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:
✔ Renewable energy won’t run out
✔ Maintenance requirements are lower
✔ It has numerous health and environmental benefits
✔ Renewables lower reliance on foreign energy sources

Disadvantages:
✔ Higher upfront cost
✔ Intermittency
✔ Storage capabilities
✔ Geographic limitations

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 1.1. Introduction
1.1.3 Non Renewable Resources
✔ Non Renewable Resource is a resource of economic value that
cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a level equal to its
consumption.

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 1.1 Introduction
1.1.4 Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:
✔ Non – renewable resources are high in energy.
✔ Provide us more energy in comparison to renewable energy.
✔ These resources are easy to use whether in a home or
anywhere else.

Disadvantages:
✔ Release a large amount of carbon dioxide when burnt.
✔ ozone layer depletion.
✔ Dangerous and cause respiratory problems to humans.

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1.1. Introduction

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 1.1 Introduction
1.1.5 Renewable Energy Types
Solar Energy
Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun that is harnessed
using a range of ever-evolving technologies such as solar heating,
photovoltaics, solar thermal energy, solar architecture, molten salt
power plants and artificial photosynthesis.

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 1.1 Introduction

Wind Energy
✔ Wind energy (or wind power) describes the process by which wind
is used to generate electricity.
✔ Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into
mechanical power.
✔ A generator can convert mechanical power into electricity.

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 1.1 Introduction
Hydro Energy
✔ Hydropower refers to the conversion of energy from flowing water into
electricity.
✔ It is considered a renewable energy source because the water cycle is
constantly renewed by the sun.

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 1.1 Introduction
Tidal Energy
✔ Tidal power or tidal energy is the form of hydropower that converts the
energy obtained from tides into useful forms of power, mainly
electricity.
✔ Although not yet widely used, tidal energy has the potential for future
electricity generation.
✔ Tides are more predictable than the wind and the sun.

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 1.1 Introduction
Biomass Energy
✔ Biomass energy is energy generated or produced by living or
once-living organisms.
✔ The most common biomass materials used for energy are plants, such
as corn and soy.
✔ The energy from these organisms can be burned to create heat or
converted into electricity.

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 1.1 Introduction
Geothermal Energy
✔ Geothermal energy is heat derived within the sub-surface of the earth.
✔ Water and/or steam carry the geothermal energy to the Earth's surface.
✔ Depending on its characteristics, geothermal energy can be used for
heating and cooling purposes or be harnessed to generate clean
electricity.

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 Discussion Questions

• Which of the following is a disadvantage of renewable energy?

a)High pollution
b)Available only in few places
c)Unreliable supply
d)High running cost
• Which Ministry is mainly responsible for research and development
in renewable energy sources such as wind power, small hydro,
biogas and solar power?
a)Human Resource Development
b)Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
c)Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
d)Health and Family Welfare

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 Discussion Questions
Which of the following country generate all their electricity using renewable
energy?
• Iceland
• England
• USA
• China
In terms of total primary energy consumption, India stands _______
The availability of Renewable energy sources is _____
• Uncertain
• Constant
• High
• regular

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