QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

Solution1:

The equation x 2  px  r  0 has roots ,  and the equation x 2  qx  r  0 has roots , 2
2

 r   ;     p ;  2  q
2
2q  p 2  2p  q 
 and  
3 3
2
   r   2q  p  2p  q 
9

Solution2:
a 2  b  c  0
   a  b    c
c
 a  b 

c
Similarly, a  b 


1 1    3  3 
  
 a  b   a  b 
3 3
c3
3
 c  b    b 
3           
3 3     b3  3abc
   a  a   a 

c3 c3 a 3c 3

Solution3:
D 1
 f (x) min 

4a 4
 b  4c  1 ...(1)
2

b 3
 g(x) max occurs at x    b  3
2a 2
From (1), c  2
Solution4:
x 2  2x  3 1
Let y   1 2
x  2x  4
2
x  2x  4
x 2  2x  4   x  1  3  3,  
2

1  1
   0, 
x  2x  4  3 
2

1  1 
   , 0 
x  2x  4  3 
2

1 2 
 y  1   ,1
x  2x  4  3 
2

2 
For solution to exist, k   ,1
3 

Solution5:
Clearly, x  a, b, c satisfies the given equation
Therefore, the given equation is an identity.
Hence, there are infinitely many roots.

Solution6:
Since p  x  is quadratic polynomial and has x  1 as repeated root,

Let p  x   k  x  1
2

p(2)  2  k  2

 p  x   2  x  1
2

 p  2   18

Solution7:

x 2
 px  3q   x 2  rx  q   x 2  sx  2q   0
 x 2  px  3q  0 or  x 2  rx  q  0 or  x 2  sx  2q  0
D1  p 2  12q ; D 2  r 2  4q ; D 3  s 2  8q
For q  0, D 2  0  atleast two real roots
For q  0, D1  0, D3  0  atleast four real roots
Hence, at least two real roots will be there.
Solution8:
Given x12  12x1  18 , x 2 2  12x 2  18

 x1 , x 2 are the roots of x 2  12x  18 or x 2  12x  18  0

 x1  x 2  12 ; x1x 2  18

x1 x 2  x1  x 2   2x1x 2 12  2 18 
2 2

   6
x 2 x1 x1 x 2 18

Solution9:

   
t t
For the equation 15  4 14  15  4 14  30 to be true, t  1

Now, t  x 2  2 | x |

 x  1
2
x2  2 x 1  0   0  x  1
2 44
x2  2 x 1  0  x   x  1  2
2
Hence, total four solutions are there.

Solution10:
,  are the roots of x 2  px  1  0
      p,   1

,  are the roots of x 2  qx  1  0

     q ,   1

Also,  2  q  1  0 ,  2  q  1  0

              
            2            2 
 1  p   2 1  p   2 

  p  q  p  q 
   p  q  p  q 
   p2  q 2   q 2  p2
Solution11:

Given,  x 2  5x  5 
x 2  4x  60
1

The following cases are possible:

CaseI: x 2  4x  60  0 and x 2  5x  5  0

  x  10  x  6   0
 x  10 or x  6

CaseII: x 2  5x  5  1
  x  4  x  1  0
 x  4 or x  1

CaseIII: x 2  5x  5  1 and x 2  4x  60  even

 x 2  5x  6  0
  x  2  x  3  0
 x  2 or x  3

When x  2, x 2  4x  60  48 , which is an even integer.

When x  3, x 2  4x  60  39 , which is not an even integer.

Thus, we get x  2
Hence, sum of all real solutions  10  6  4  1  2  3

Solution12:

ax 2  2  a  1 x  9a  4
f (x)   0  xR
x 2  8x  32
x 2  8x  32   x  4   16  0  x  R
2

 ax 2  2  a  1 x  9a  4  0  x  R
 a  0 and D  0
 1
Solving, we get a   ,  
 2

Solution13:

ab  bc  ca  12
 b  8  b    8  a  b  a  12
 b 2  b  a  8   a 2  8a  12  0
 bR  D  0
  a  8   4  a 2  8a  12   0
2

 3a 2  16a  16  0
8  4 7 8  4 7 
 a , 
 3 3 
 a  0,1, 2,3, 4,5, 6

Solution14:
x 2  2  a  b  x   a  b  8  0

For unequal real roots, D  0

 4  a  b   4  a  b  8  0
2

 a 2  a  2b  1  b2  b  8  0  x  R
 D  0
  2b  1  4  b 2  b  8   0
2

33
 b
8

Solution15:
f  x   1  b 2  x 2  2bx  1

m b 
D


4b 2  4 1  b 2 

1 
4a 4 1  b 
2
1  b2

 1  b 2  1,  
1
   0,1
1  b2

Solution16:
Consider x 2  47x  k  0
For real roots, 47 2  4k  0  k  552
 k  1, 2, 3.........., 552
Product of real roots  1 2  3  4  .............  552  552!
Solution17:

Let y 
 x  a  x  b 
 x  c
 yx  cy  x 2   a  b  x  ab
 x 2   a  b  y  x   ab  cy   0
For real roots, D  0
  a  b  y   4  ab  cy   0
2

  a  b   y 2  2  a  b  y  4ab  4cy  0
2

 y 2  2  a  b  2c  y   a  b   0
2

Which is true for all values of y if D  0

 4  a  b  2c   4  a  b   0
2 2

  a  b  2c  a  b  a  b  2c  a  b   0
  2a  2c  2b  2c   0
  a  c  b  c   0
  c  a  c  b   0
 c must lie between a and b
i.e. a  c  b or b  c  a

Solution18:
If x   is the common root of both the equations, then
 4  6 2  25  0   4   25  6 2
Using this value of  4 in the second equation
 3  25  6 2   4 2  28  5  0
 75  18 2  4 2  28  5  0
  2  2  5  0
On comparing with x 2  bx  c, we get
b  2, c  5
So, P  x   x 2  2x  5
 P 1  4

Solution19:
x 2  2x  n  0
For integral roots, D must be a perfect square.
D  4  4n  4 1  n 
 1  n is a perfect square
 1  n  9,16, 25,36, 49, 64,81,100
 n  8,15, 24, 35, 48, 63, 82, 99
Therefore, 8 values are possible

Solution20:
Let , ,  be the required roots
       b ,       c ,    d
Also,     2  3   b
  b   2b  d
         c      c
 3  3  
2b 2 d
  c
9 b

3
 2b  27d  9bc
3

Solution21:
Given equation has more than two roots if it is an identity
 cos 3  1  0 ; 2 cos 2   1  0 ; 1  2 cos   0

cos 3  1     which does not satisfy 2cos 2  1  0
3
Hence, no value is possible.

Solution22:
Let  be the common root. Then
k 2    k  0
k 2  k  1  0
On solving, we get,
2  1
 2  2
1 k 2
k k k k
2 1  k 2 k2  k
 2 and   2 1
 k k k k
1 k2
  1  k2  k  1 k2
k k
2

1
 k   ,1
2
For k  1, both roots are equation.
1
Hence, k  
2
Solution23:
2 
 2
11x  2
 2
33x  2 22x 1
1
Let t  211x
t3
  4t  2t 2  1
4
 t 3  8t 2  16t  4  0
Let the equation has roots t1 , t 2 , t 3
t1 t 2 t 3  4
 211x1.211x 2 .211x3  4
11 x1  x 2  x 3 
2  22
 11  x1  x 2  x 3   2
2 .
 x1  x 2  x 3 
11

Solution24:
x 2  x  6   x  2  x  3

CaseI : x  2 or x  3
x2  x  6  x  2
 x 2  2x  8  0
  x  4  x  2   0
 x4
CaseII :  2  x  3
x 2  x  6  x  2
 x2  4
 x  2, 2
 The roots are 2, 2, 4

Solution25:
f  x   x 3  ax 2  bx  c is divisible by x 2  1 or  x  i  x  i 
So, f  i   0 and f  i   0
f  i   0  i 3  ai 2  bi  c  0
 i  a  bi  c  0
  c  a   i  b  1  0
 c  a , b 1
f  i   0   i   a  i   b  i   c  0
3 2
 i  a  ib  c  0
  c  a   i  b  1  0
 c  a, b 1