Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BY
E.S.S.L.Alekya - 187114
Ch.Pranavya - 187119
Ch.Poojitha - 187111
Department Of ELECTRONICS
2020-2021
1
PARVATHANENI BRAHMAYYA SIDDHARTHA COLLEGE OF
ARTS & SCIENCE
(An autonomous college under the jurisdiction of Krishna University)
Accredited at the “A+‟ level by NAAC
VIJAYAWADA-520010
2020-2021
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS
CERTIFICATION
E.S.S.L.Alekya - 187114
Ch. Pranavya - 187119
Ch.poojitha - 187111
2
CERTIFICATION OF EXAMINATION
Carried by
E.S.S.L. Alekya (187114), Ch. Pranavya (187119), Ch. poojitha (187111) are
here by accord our approval of it case a study carried out and presented in a
manner required for its acceptance in partial fulfillment for the award of the
degree of bachelor of sciences for which it has been submitted. This approval
3
Acknowledgement
E.S.S.L.ALEKYA - 187114
CH.PRANAVYA - 187119
CH.POOJITHA - 187111
4
CONTENTS
PAGE NO
Chapter-1 6-10
• Project Title
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Block Diagram
Chapter-2 11-13
• Circuit Diagram
• Components
• Circuit Description
Chapter-3 14-30
• Project Explanation
• Hardware description
Chapter-4 31-36
• Software description
• Sample code
Chapter-5 37-39
• Result
• Conclusion
Appendix 40
• References
5
IOT BASED GEYSER
CONTROLLER
6
ABSTRACT:
7
INTRODUCTION:
Anyone who says that the Internet has fundamentally changed society may be
right, but at the same time, the greatest transformation actually still lies ahead
of us. With the growing presence of Wi-Fi and 4G-LTE wireless Internet
access, the evolution towards ubiquitous information and communication
networks is already evident.
The problem is, people have limited time, attention and accuracy all of which
means they are not very good at capturing data about things in the real world.
And that's a big deal. If we had controller that knew everything there was to
know about things using data, they gathered without any help from us we
would be able to track and count everything, and greatly reduce waste, loss
and cost. real world.
In this busy world ,the perfect remedy of fatigue, freshness and cleanliness is a
warm water. This project provides a range of automatic smart geyser/heater
that would relax you in seconds by providing warm water with a simple, auto
on/off.
A water heaters and geyser are necessities, especially with the changing
weather conditions. An electric water heater is used in bathrooms during the
cold season for bathing with hot water. A common problem is that when you
wake up in the morning, you need to wait, say 20 minutes, for the electric
heater to sufficiently heat the cold water. One possible solution to this problem
is using a timerswitch.
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In this project, we have a geyser which is connected to IOT, where we can set
the time in advance, once the value is attained, the relay switches OFF the
geyser & we can control via blynk application. when connected with a blynk
application presented in the user’s mobile can be operated from any part of the
world by the user.
Schedule your water heater to automatically switch on and off every day.
once the time is set, the advanced water heater will operate automatically.
However, this project helps with the time, energy, less power
consumption. As it is safe , you need not worry about it .
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BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Cold
water
Powe Heate
r Node Rela
MCU r
Suppl y
Suppl
y y
Hot
water
Blynk App
Wi-Fi
Mobile
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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
11
COMPONENTS:
HARDWARE:
SOFTWARE:
Blynk application
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CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION:
The above circuit diagram shows the circuit for IOT based geyser switch
controller.it comprises of Node MCU, relay , heater supply, as main
components. Miscellaneous components like 5v power supply, a 10uf
capacitor, a coil, cable, connectors, and some wires. Node MCU is used as a
microcontroller (MCU). The circuit also has 5V voltage regulator for powering
Node MCU. A 5V relay module is used to switch on and off the water heater. A
capacitor 10 UF is taken for blocking direct current while allowing alternating
current to pass. In analog circuit, they smooth out the power supplies. A coil is
placed in the circuit to produce magnetic field or to provide electrical resistance
or inductance. Node MCU is an open source IOT platform that includes
firmware that runs on ESP8266 Wi fiModule.
First, the positive terminal of source is connected to Vin of the Node MCU.
The negative terminal of the source is connected to the negative terminal/
ground terminal of the relay and Node MCU. The VCC terminal of relay is
connected to the positive terminal of source. one side of capacitor that is, the
anode of the capacitor is connected to the source positive terminal and relay
VCC terminal. The other side of capacitor, that is, the cathode terminal of the
capacitor is connected to the node MCU negative pin and relay negative pin.
Next, the IN terminal of the relay is connected to the D4 pin in the node MCU.
The one side of the coil is connected to the NO terminal of the relay and the
other side of the coil is connected to the heater supply. The COM terminal of
the relay is connected to the heatersupply.
The above circuit description is all about thehardware.
Coming to software, the IOT platform can be accessed using blynk app on
iOS and android devices. The total hardware is connected to the mobile using
connectors and cable.
In the blynk app there are widgets in which we can set timer to the
particular time. This will be done with the help of internet.
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PROJECT EXPLANATION:
Even though we still have no flying cars, some of the fantasies people used
to have about life in the XXI century has already become a reality. One of
the examples is smart homes that are full of devices automatizing our
everyday routine. It is estimated that 10% of households all over the world
will be smart by 2025 — all with the help of IoT. The home can be called
smart when it has a range of smart devices that you can control remotely
by setting them the way you like to automatize house maintenance. They
can also be united into one network. Using this smart technology, we are
designing our project that is, iot based geyser controller. This project can
help mostly the old people, sick people and disabled people who have
difficult in walking and wish to have controller in their hand. Not only for
these types of people , but also for
today’s busy people it will be helpful.
As already seen in the circuit description how components are connected,
here we see its working process. This circuit will not only switch it on and
off but also it will send you a status notification. Today, we are going to
build a IoT based Timer Switch for geyser using Blynk and Node MCU
which switches ON/OFF at times which we set in blynk App. You can build
this project on a breadboard to connect it . The relay module will switch
on/off the devices connected to it. Relay are connected to D4 pin of Node
MCU.
Setting up a Blynk Project
Download the Blynk App from below links as per the platform you are using
• Android
• iOS
Widgets and theiruses
Notification Widget: This widget is used to send notifications as
per the execution ofaction.
Eventor Widget: This widget is used to schedule event or actions. Here you
have to mention date, time and day. Along with action need to be taken.
This is a kind ofscheduler.
LED Widget: This is used to indicate the current status of devices i.e.
switched on or off.
Button Widget: For switching the devices manually.
ForsOFTWAre:
Now let’s setup a Blynk project,
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Tap on NewProject
Enter the name of the project as you like. Choose the device node MCU.
Tap on create.
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Auth token will be sent on your registered email address.
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Now scroll down and select 2 LED widget.
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Now place the widgets properly by selecting and dragging them.
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The time is in 24Hrs format. You can select the time zone
accordingly. Tap on Set theTime.
Now we are going to select the action. So here we will be turning onthe pin.
Tap on turn ON pin.
Select the pin. This refers to the pin connected to relay with Node MCU.
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Now we will set send notification message. This message will trigger
when action is taken as per scheduledtime.
D4
D4
We have added on event and in similar way we can add event to turn off the
Device1
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Configure as shown below to turn off Device1
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Coding the Node MCU
Before uploading the code, make sure you have pasted the Auth Token. Also
make sure to update your WIFI network details. After connecting all the
components and setting up the blynk project, it’s time to test the project. Once
your hardware is connected with internet, it will also reflect in blynk app. Now
you can use button widget to control device manually. You can also schedule
repetitive task and get notified on switching on or off. When you click on Play
in Blynk app, the timer will start. When the timer reaches the pre-determined or
set time, as defined in the app, it will automatically start. The relay will get
energized, and the heater will be switched on. And after the stop time, the relay
will get de-energized and the heater will be switched off. Now, the project is
ready to use.
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HARDWARE DESCRIPTION:
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Power Pins:There are four power pins. VIN pin and three 3.3V pins.
▪ VIN can be used to directly supply the Node MCU /
ESP8266 and its peripherals. Powerdelivered
on VIN is regulated through the onboard regulator on the
Node MCU module – you can also supply 5V regulated to
the VIN pin
▪ 3.3V pins are the output of the onboard voltage regulator
and can be used to supply power to external components.
I2C Pins:are
used to connect I2C sensors and peripherals. Both I2C Master and
I2C Slave are supported. I2C interface functionality can be realized
programmatically, and the clock frequency is 100 kHz at a maximum. It should
be noted that I2C clock frequency should be higher than the slowest clock
frequency of the slave device.
GPIO Pins:Node MCU/ESP8266 has 17 GPIO pins which can be assigned to
functions such as I2C, I2S, UART, PWM, IR Remote Control, LED Light and
Button programmatically. Each digital enabled GPIO can be configured to
internal pull-up or pull-down, or set to high impedance.
When configured as an input, it can also be set to edge-trigger or level- trigger
to generate CPU interrupts.
ADC Channel:The Node MCU is embedded with a 10-bit precision SAR ADC.
The two functions can be implemented using ADC. Testing power supply
voltage of VDD3P3 pin and testing input voltage of TOUT pin.
However, they cannot be implemented at the same time.
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SPI Pins:Node
MCU/ESP8266 features two SPIs (SPI and HSPI) in slave and
master modes. These SPIs also support the following general- purpose SPI
features:
▪ 4 timing modes of the SPI formattransfer
▪ Up to 80 MHz and the divided clocks of 80MHz
▪ Up to 64-ByteFIFO
PWM Pins:The board has 4 channels of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). The
PWM output can be implemented programmatically and used for driving
digital motors and LEDs. PWM frequency range is adjustable from 1000 μs
to 10000 μs (100 Hz and 1kHz).
Control Pins:are
used to control the Node MCU/ESP8266. These pins
include Chip Enable pin (EN), Reset pin (RST) and WAKE pin.
▪ EN: The ESP8266 chip is enabled when EN pin is
pulled HIGH. When pulled LOW the chip works at
minimumpower.
▪ RST: RST pin is used to reset the ESP8266chip.
▪ WAKE: Wake pin is used to wake the chip from deep-
sleep.
Control Pins are used to control the Node MCU/ESP8266. These pins
include Chip Enable pin (EN), Reset pin (RST) and WAKE pin.
▪ EN: The ESP8266 chip is enabled when EN pin is
pulled HIGH. When pulled LOW the chip works at
minimumpower.
▪ RST: RST pin is used to reset the ESP8266chip.
▪ WAKE: Wake pin is used to wake the chip from deep-
sleep.
RELAY: A relay is an electrically operated switch. It consists of a set
of input terminals for a single or multiple control signals, and a set of
operating contact terminals. The switch may have any number of contacts in
multiple contact forms, such as make contacts, break
25
contacts, or combinations thereof. This is a channel 5V relay module. It
operates on 5 VDC. This relay module is not opto-isolated. so, the relay and
signal both operate from a single power source. The input of relay comprises
of vin, gnd, vcc. The output of relay comprises of NC, COM, NO. Relays are
simple devices that allow an easy way for logic-level power to control very
high-powered devices. Adding some relays to items in your home can quickly
automate an entire room full of lamps and lights and bring excitement to your
Internet of Everything connected home!
26
CAPACITOR:
The capacitor is a device in which electrical energy can be stored. It is an
arrangement of two-conductor generally carrying charges of equal magnitudes
and opposite sign and separated by an insulating medium. The non-conductive
region can either be an electric insulator or vacuum such as glass, paper, air or
semi-conductor called as a dielectric.
Capacitor vary in shape and size, they have many important applications in
electronics.
Capacitors are used for
• Storing electric potential energy such as batteries.
• Filtering out unwanted frequency signals
• Delaying voltage changes when coupled with resistors.
• Used as a sensing device.
• Used in the audio system of the vehicle.
• Used to separate AC and DC.
Coil: Coil, in an electric circuit, one or more turns, usually roughly circular
or cylindrical, of current-carrying wire designed to produce a magnetic
field or to provide electrical resistance or inductance; in the latter case, a coil is
also called a choke coil (see also inductance). A soft iron core placed within a coil
produces an electromagnet. A cylindrical coil that moves a plunger within it by
variations in the current through the coil is known as a solenoid.
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A coil may refer to any of the following:
1. Short for electromagnetic coil, a coil is conducting wire such as copper
shaped in a helical form around an iron core. The coil creates an inductor or
electromagnet to store magnetic energy. Coils are often used to remove power
spikes and dips frompower.
2. A coil can also refer to a spring.
BREAD BOARD:
A breadboard is a widely used too l to design and test circuit.You do not need
to solder wires and components to make a circuit while using a bread board.It is
easier to mount components & reuse them. Since, components are not soldered
you can change your circuit design at any point without any hassle. It consists of
an array of conductive metal clips encased in a box made of white ABS plastic,
where each clip is insulated with another clips. There are a number of holes on
the plastic box, arranged in a particular fashion. A typical bread board layout
consists of two types of regional so called strips. Bus strips and socket strips.
Bus strips are usually used to provide power supply to the circuit. It consists of
two columns, one for power voltage and other for ground.
Socket strips are used to hold most of the components in a circuit. Generally
it consists of two sections each with 5 rows and 64 columns. Every column is
electrically connected from inside.
A breadboard is a circuit which if of a temporary nature used for the
purpose of testing and prototyping circuits. It is easy to prototype circuits
with the help of breadboards because it is fast and easy.
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Breadboards are generally used to test circuits. As this device have holes in it.
29
Electronics wire is a type of wire is
normally thought of as being a single
wire covered in some form of
insulation. It is normally used for point
to point connections, or a variety of
wires may be used for different
connections. Under these
circumstances the wires may be
bundled together in a wiring loom.
30
SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION:
Blynk was designed for the Internet of Things. It can control hardware
remotely, it can display sensor data, it can store data, visualize it and do many
other cool things.
31
Blynk Server - responsible for all the communications between the smart
phone and hardware. You can use our Blynk Cloud or run your private
Blynk server locally. It’s open-source, could easily handle thousands of
devices and can even be launched on a RaspberryPi.
• Blynk Libraries - for all the popular hardware platforms - enable
communication with the server and process all the incoming and outcoming
commands whirl.
Features
Similar API & UI for all supported hardware & devices
Connection to the cloud using:
Wi-Fi
Bluetooth and
BLE Ethernet
USB
(Serial)
GSM
…
Set of easy-to-use Widgets
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Direct pin manipulation with no code writing
Easy to integrate and add new functionality using virtual pins History
data monitoring via Super Chart widget Device-to-Device
communication using Bridge Widget
Sending emails, tweets, push notifications, etc.
… new features are constantly added!
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SAMPLE CODE:
/* Comment this out to disable prints and save space */
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h>
#include <Servo.h>
int flag = 1;
int state1 = 0;
Servo myservo1;
Servo myservo2;
Servo myservo3;
Servo myservo4;
BLYNK_WRITE(V1) {
pill1 = param[0].asInt();
}
BLYNK_WRITE(V2) {
pill2 = param[0].asInt();
}
BLYNK_WRITE(V3) {
pill3 = param[0].asInt();
}
BLYNK_WRITE(V4) {
pill4 = param[0].asInt();
}
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void setup()
{
// Debug console
Serial.begin(9600);
Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
pinMode(sensPin1, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(buz, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(buz, LOW);
myservo1.attach(16); //D0
myservo2.attach(0); //D3
myservo3.attach(2); //D4
myservo4.attach(13); //D7
myservo1.write(0);
}
void loop()
{
Blynk.run();
if (pill1 == 1 && flag == 1)
{
flag = 0;
Serial.println("Recev..");
myservo1.write(90);
digitalWrite(buz, HIGH);
}
if (digitalRead(sensPin1) == LOW && flag == 0)
{
Blynk.virtualWrite(V1, 0);
Blynk.syncVirtual(V1);
flag = 1;
myservo1.write(0);
digitalWrite(buz, LOW);
Serial.println("End..");
}
//sensPin2
if (pill2 == 1 && flag == 1)
{
flag = 0;
Serial.println("Recev..");
myservo2.write(90);
digitalWrite(buz, HIGH);
}
if (digitalRead(sensPin2) == LOW && flag == 0)
{
35
Blynk.virtualWrite(V2, 0);
Blynk.syncVirtual(V2);
flag = 1;
myservo2.write(0);
digitalWrite(buz, LOW);
Serial.println("End..");
}
//sensPin3
if (pill3 == 1 && flag == 1)
{
flag = 0;
Serial.println("Recev..");
myservo3.write(90);
digitalWrite(buz, HIGH);
}
if (digitalRead(sensPin3) == LOW && flag == 0)
{
Blynk.virtualWrite(V3, 0);
Blynk.syncVirtual(V3);
flag = 1;
myservo3.write(0);
digitalWrite(buz, LOW);
Serial.println("End..");
}
//sensPin4
if (pill4 == 1 && flag == 1)
{
flag = 0;
Serial.println("Recev..");
myservo4.write(90);
digitalWrite(buz, HIGH);
}
if (digitalRead(sensPin4) == LOW && flag == 0)
{
Blynk.virtualWrite(V4, 0);
Blynk.syncVirtual(V4);
flag = 1;
myservo4.write(0);
digitalWrite(buz, LOW);
Serial.println("End..");
}
}
36
RESULT:
According to the picture geyser starts working when the timer starts by
indicating with led light and water starts heating and the system stops
automatically after completion of time.
37
From the above figure system got stopped after completion of time. In this
way the ‘IOT BASED GEYSER CONTROLLER’ works.
38
CONCLUSION:
The future enhancement of this project is that we can use this concept of reading
the temperature for industrial purposes mainly in power plants so that we can save
a huge amount of money, work , production if there is a damage of power plant
equipments due overheating. This can be as a cause for major revolution in the
household appliance because of the fast moving world as people want everything
as automated and done quickly this can be a best suited one for all users and for
their needs.
39
REFERENCES:
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