Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Rules
𝑑 𝑔(𝑥)𝑓′ (𝑥)−𝑓(𝑥)𝑔′(𝑥)
1. Constant: 𝑑𝑥 𝑐 = 0 𝑑 𝑓(𝑥)
5. Quotient: 𝑑𝑥 𝑔(𝑥) = [𝑔(𝑥)]2
𝑑
2. Constant Multiple: 𝑑𝑥 𝑐𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐𝑓′(𝑥) 𝑑
6. Chain: 𝑑𝑥 𝑓 ′(𝑔(𝑥))𝑔′(𝑥)
𝑑
3. Sum: 𝑑𝑥 [𝑓(𝑥) ± 𝑔(𝑥)] = 𝑓 ′(𝑥) ± 𝑔′(𝑥) 𝑑
7. Power: 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑑
4. Product: 𝑑𝑥 𝑓(𝑥)𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥)𝑔′(𝑥) + 𝑑
8. Power: 𝑑𝑥 [𝑔(𝑥)]𝑛 = 𝑛[𝑔(𝑥)]𝑛−1 𝑔′(𝑥)
𝑔(𝑥)𝑓′(𝑥)
Functions
Trigonometric
𝑑 𝑑
9. 𝑑𝑥 sin 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 12. 𝑑𝑥 cot 𝑥 = − csc 2 𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
10. 𝑑𝑥 cos 𝑥 = − sin 𝑥 13. 𝑑𝑥 sec 𝑥 = sec 𝑥 tan 𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
11. 𝑑𝑥 tan 𝑥 = sec 2 𝑥 14. 𝑑𝑥 csc 𝑥 = − csc 𝑥 cot 𝑥
Inverse trigonometric
𝑑 1 𝑑 1
15. 𝑑𝑥 sin−1 𝑥 = 18. 𝑑𝑥 cot −1 𝑥 = − 1+𝑥 2
√1−𝑥 2
𝑑 1 𝑑 1
16. 𝑑𝑥 cos −1 𝑥 = − √1−𝑥 2 19. 𝑑𝑥 sec −1 𝑥 = |𝑥|√𝑥 2−1
𝑑 1
17. 𝑑𝑥 tan−1 𝑥 = 1+𝑥 2 𝑑
20. 𝑑𝑥 csc −1 𝑥 = − |𝑥|√𝑥 2−1
1
Hyperbolic
d 𝑑
21. 𝑑𝑥 sinh 𝑥 = cosh 𝑥 24. 𝑑𝑥 coth 𝑥 = − csch2 𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
22. 𝑑𝑥 cosh 𝑥 = sinh 𝑥 25. 𝑑𝑥 sech 𝑥 = − sech 𝑥 tanh 𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
23. 𝑑𝑥 tanh 𝑥 = sech2 𝑥 26. 𝑑𝑥 csch 𝑥 = − csch 𝑥 coth 𝑥
Inverse hyperbolic
𝑑 1 𝑑 1
27. 𝑑𝑥 sinh−1 𝑥 = √𝑥 2+1 30. 𝑑𝑥 coth−1 𝑥 = 1−𝑥 2
𝑑 1
𝑑
28. 𝑑𝑥 cosh−1 𝑥 = √𝑥 2 −1
1
31. 𝑑𝑥 sech−1 𝑥 = − 𝑥√1−𝑥 2
𝑑 1 𝑑 1
29. 𝑑𝑥 tanh−1 𝑥 = 1−𝑥 2 32. 𝑑𝑥 csch−1 𝑥 = − |𝑥|√𝑥 2
+1
Exponential
𝑑 𝑑
33. 𝑑𝑥 𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 34. 𝑑𝑥 𝑏 𝑥 = 𝑏 𝑥 (ln 𝑏)
Logarithmic
𝑑 1 𝑑 1
35. 𝑑𝑥 ln|𝑥 | = 𝑥 36. 𝑑𝑥 log𝑏 𝑥 = 𝑥(ln 𝑏)