9/10 TLE

NAIL CARE
EXPLORATORY COURSE

LEARNER’S MATERIAL
1 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 Technology
and Livelihood
Education
Nail Care-Exploratory Course

Regional Office Management and Job S. Zape, Jr.,

Development Team:
Jhonathan S. Cadavido, Romyr L. Lazo, Fe M. Ong-Ongowan, Lhovie A. Caui-
lan, Eugene Ray F. Santos

Schools Division Office Management Team: Rogelio O. Morojo, Jr.

Technology and Livelihood Education (Nail Care)-9/10

PIVOT IV-A Learner’s Material
Quarter 1
First Edition, 2020

Published by: Department of Education Region IV-A CALABARZON

Regional Director: Wilfredo E. Cabral
Assistant Regional Director: Ruth L. Fuentes

2 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 WEEKS
Performing Hand and Foot Spa
Lesson
1-2

I
In this lesson, you will study the process and techniques in removing wax
from hands of client. You will learn how to apply the process and techniques of
removing wax from hands of client according to standard and Appreciate the
value of the process and techniques of removing wax from hand of client.
Applying and removing wax from client hand were both part of hand
treatment and spa. These two techniques goes hand in hand to complete a spe-
cific process or service in hand spa or nail care service. The service below in
hand spa shows the application and importance of applying and removing wax.

Steps in Giving Hand Spa and Treatment

1. Prepare and use necessary tools and supplies/materials
2. Wash client's hand with lukewarm water and soap, and towel-dry be-
fore and after scrubbing.
3. Apply appropriate lotion. (By applying lotion, the removal of the hard-
ened paraffin becomes easier)
4. Determine and test appropriate temperature for heat tolerance of cli-
ent. (Touch the edge of your palm to the melted paraffin to test that the temper-
ature is comfortable for you)
5. Soak hands for 4 seconds for 3 consecutive times in wax and wrap
with plastic gloves and mittens.
6. Allow the paraffin to remain in place for 10 to 15 minutes.
7. Remove wax from hands according to manufacturer's instructions.
8. Apply hand softening product and massage according to prescribed
procedure.
9. Advise client after service on maintenance program.
10. Confirm and record client's desired service outcome.

What is paraffin wax?

Paraffin wax is a white or colorless soft, solid wax. It’s made from saturat-
ed hydrocarbons.
It’s often used in skin-softening salon and spa treatments on the hands,
cuticles, and feet because it’s colorless, tasteless, and odorless. It can also be
used to provide pain relief to sore joints and muscles.
Paraffin wax has many other uses, too. It’s often used as lubrication,
electrical insulation, and to make candles and crayons.

Cosmetic benefits of paraffin wax

Cosmetically, paraffin wax is often applied to the hands and feet. The wax
is a natural emollient, helping make skin supple and soft. When applied to the
skin, it adds moisture and continues to boost the moisture levels of the skin af-
ter the treatment is complete.
It can also help open pores and remove dead skin cells. That may help
make the skin look fresher and feel smoother.

1 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 How to Use Paraffin Wax at Home

You can have a paraffin wax treatment done at a nail salon or spa, but
you can also do it at home. It’s important to follow the correct steps to get the
maximum benefits from the treatment.
To do an at-home treatment, you’ll need the following supplies:
• four pounds of food-grade paraffin wax
• double boiler
• measuring cup
• mineral oil
• greased plastic container
• thermometer
• olive oil
• sealable plastic bag
• towel or oven mitt
• timer
• tissue
• moisturizer

Preparing Wax
The easiest way to melt paraffin wax at home is to use a double boiler. If
you have nail polish on, remove it before starting the process. Wash your hands
well and dry them with a lint-free towel.
Add four pounds of paraffin wax to the top of a double boiler. Add water
to the bottom of the boiler and place it on the stove over low heat.
Add one cup of mineral oil to the wax.
When the wax is completely melted, take the boiler off the stove. Careful-
ly pour the wax into a greased plastic container.
Wait for a thin skin to form on the top of the wax.
Check the temperature of the wax with a thermometer. The wax is ready
to use when it reaches 125°F (51.7°C).
Applying wax
Massage a few drops of olive oil into the skin of the area you’re going the
treat. Dip your entire hand or foot into the wax and leave it in for a few seconds
until a layer forms over the area. Wait for the wax to dry. You’ll know it’s dry
when the shine has faded. Once dry, put your hand or foot back into the wax,
going a little less deep than you did before. This stops warm wax from getting
under the previous layers of wax, preventing burns. Repeat this process until
you have at least 10 layers of wax on your hand or foot.
Once you’ve applied at least 10 layers of wax to your hand or foot, put a
large plastic bag over that. Then place it in an oven mitt or wrap it in a towel for
15 to 20 minutes.
Removing Wax
After 15 to 20 minutes, remove your hand from the mitt or towel and the
plastic bag. Use soft tissue to remove the wax residue from your skin. Apply
moisturizer all over your hand.
When you’ve completed your treatment, cover the paraffin and store it in
safe place for your next treatment.

2 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 D
Learning Task 1: Read again and extract the different techniques or action in-
volved in the hand spa treatment. Complete the table by filling up the infor-
mation suggested in each column. Do this in your notebook.
Proce- Techniques Used wax to perform
dures the Technique
(YES or NO)
1
2
3

Learning Task 2: Ask your parents/siblings about their hand and foot spa ex-
perience. Let them describe the way the staff performed hand spa treatment. Go
on with specific observations. Then, let them rate the actual service based on
the following criteria. You may note other details or processes that are notable.
Criteria Always 4 Usually 3 Seldom 2 Never 1
Melt the wax
Apply the wax
Bag the client hand
Remove the wax
Apply moisturizer all over
hand

Processing Questions:
1. What did you feel while doing activity?
2. How did you feel about doing the service?
3. Were all the processes done perfectly? Explain?
4. What important skills in hand and foot spa did you learn from the experience
of your family?
5 Why is it important to follow standard procedures in performing a service like
hand waxing?

E
Learning Task 3: Based from your previous interview data on hand spa treat-
ment, make a step by step process flow of the steps required in providing hand
spa treatment involving removal of wax. Do this in your notebook.

3 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
Learning Task 4: Choose the word/s in the box that are related for hand spa
treatment. Explain each word in your own words and provide examples. Write
your answer in your notebook.

Waxing Paraffin Trimming

Shampooing Hand Massage Softening Lotion
Drying Bleach Lukewarm water

A
Learning Task 5: Read the following items carefully. Choose the letter of your
answer and write it in your notebook.
1. What technique in nail care services refers to the application of substance to a
hand of client to make it relax?
a. hand scrubbing c. nail polishing
b. hand waxing d. nail cutting
2. What is that white or colorless soft, solid substance made from saturated hy-
drocarbons which used for hand spa treatment?
a. collagen c. petroleum jelly
b. paraffin wax d. massage cream
3. Which of the following is NOT a purpose of applying wax to the hand of client?
a. helping make skin supple c. helping make skin soft
b. prevent skin from drying d. avoid hand off odors
4. Which of the following supplies is NOT important in hand spa treatment using
paraffin wax?
a. tissue c. petroleum jelly
b. dry towel d. sealable plastic bag
5. What is the best way to remove wax from the hand of the client?
a. use towel c. use alcohol
b. use tissue d. rinse with water
Learning Task 6: With the help of your family member, simulate the hand
spa treatment specifically applying and removing paraffin wax. To guide you
with the performance, take note of the rubrics below. After doing the perfor-
mance, let your subject rate your performance using the rubric.
INDICATORS
CRITERIA 4 3 2 1
(Above Expecta- (Meet Expectation) (Approaching Ex- (Below Expectations)
tion) pectations)
Workman- Performed wash- Performed washing, Showed slight evi- Showed a strong
ship ing, drying and drying and scrub- dence of nervous- evidence of nervous-
scrubbing of client bing of client hands ness during the ness during the per-
hands with ease with some hesita- performance formance
confident tions
Use of tools, Proper use is very Proper use is well Proper use is satis- Proper use is fairly
equipment, well observed observed factorily observed observed
and materi-
als
Safety pre- Safety precautions Safety precautions Safety precautions Safety precautions
cautions were strict ob- were strict observed were strict observed were strict observed
served at all times most of the times sometimes if reminded
Work habits Always main- Maintained cleanli- Maintained cleanli- Maintained cleanli-
tained cleanliness ness and orderliness ness and orderli- ness and orderliness
and orderliness in in the work area ness in the work in the work area if
the work area most of the time area sometimes reminded
Speed Work properly Work done on time Work done close to Work done beyond
done and finished the given time the given time
ahead of time

4 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 WEEKS

Process and Techniques in Applying Hand 3-4

Softening and Massage
Lesson
I
In this lesson, you will stidy the process and techniques in applying hand
softening and massage according to prescribed procedures. You will learn how to
perform the process and techniques of applying hand softening product and massage
and appreciate its value.

Have you seen hands which are dry and has callous in it? Do you experience
having a rough hands that’s has scorches and dead cells? Most certainly, it is not good
of having such condition in your hands. Due to people activity, commonly involved part
of our body is our hands and suffer most of the scratches and frictions. This resulted
to a rough and unacceptable hand appearance.

Applying softening lotion and massage are important process of hand spa
treatment or in nail care as a whole. These two techniques goes hand in hand to
complete a specific process or service in hand spa or nail care service. The service
below in hand spa shows the application and importance of applying and removing
wax.

Hand Massage Procedure

1. Hold the client’s hand in your hand. Place a dab of lotion on the back of the
client’s hand and spread it to the fingers and wrist.

2. Hold the client’s hand firmly. Bend the hand slowly with a forward and
backward movement limber the wrist. Repeat three times

3. Grasp each finger. Gently bend each finger, one at a time, to limber the top of
the hand and finger joints. As the fingers and thumb are bent, slide your thumb
down toward the fingertips.

4. With the client’s elbow resting on the table, hold the hand upright. Massage the
palm of the hands with the cushions of your thumbs, using a circular
movement in alternate directions. This movement will completely relax the
client’s hand.

5. Rest client’s arm on the table. Grasp each finger at the base, and rotate it gently
in large circles, ending with a gentle squeeze of the fingertips. Repeat three
times.

5 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 6. Hold the client’s hand. Massage the wrist, then top of the hand with a circular
movement. Slide back and with both hands wring wrist in opposite direction
three times.

7. Finish massage by tapering each finger. Beginning at the base of each finger,
rotate, pause, and squeeze with gentle pressure. Then, pull lightly with
pressure until tip is reached. Repeat three times.

8. Repeat steps 1-7 on the other hand.

What is Lotion?

A lotion is a low viscosity topical preparation intended for application to the

skin. By contrast, creams and gels have higher viscosity, typically due to lower water
content. Lotion is applied to external skin with bare hands, a brush, a clean cloth, or
cotton wool.

Cosmetic uses of lotion

Most cosmetic lotions are moisturizing lotions, although other forms, such as
tanning lotion, also exist. Cosmetic lotions may be marketed as anti-aging lotions,
which can also be classified as cosmetic in many case, and may contain fragrances.
Massage lotion is an essential lubrication agent for a broad range of massage
modalities. Massage lotions penetrate the skin, providing hydration and softness.

Lotion-based massage cream have some benefits over those containing oil.
Because they are not sticky. It is said that lotion-based creams may be better choice
for clients with a lot of body hair or acute skin issues. Lotion are less penetrating than
other options

Advantages of using lotion for massage

Lotion penetrates the skin, providing hydration and softness. Many people feel
lotion helps their skin look younger. Lotion often contain beneficial vitamins and
compounds, such as vitamin D, aloe vera, shea butter, vitamin E and keratin.

The beneficial ingredients in lotion can replace lost skin moisture, heal skin
conditions, and repair damaged skin.

Disadvantages of using lotion for massage

Lotions are more likely to contain synthetic chemicals which can cause harm
to sensitive type of skin. Many creams come in a jar, which cannot be easily attached
to a holster. Moreover, lotion can feel cold when applied to skin. Some therapists keep
lotion warmers for this purpose.

6 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 D
Learning Task 1: Write the word that is defined in each number. The clues are
provided for you. Write your answers in your notebook.

S 1. rubbing and kneading of muscles and joints

T 2. become less severe or hard

O 3. thick, smooth liquid applied to skin

Q Z 4. firmly press typically with one’s fingers squeeze

O T E 5. make something less dry moisturize

Learning Task 2: Study the pictures below, and answer the questions that fol-
low. Do this in your notebook.

A.

B.

1. What do you think is the person doing in letter A sets of picture?

2. What do you think is the person doing in letter B sets of picture?

3. What specific techniques or process in hand treatment does the pictures

show?

4. What specific material, chemical or substance does the person is using?

5. Which situation do you think is easier to do and why?

7 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 Learning Task 3: Illustrate the procedure in Hand Massage using lotion by
following the diagram below.
HAND MASSAGE PROCEDURES

Learning Task 4: Construct a simple step by step process flow to perform

hand massage using lotion. Fill in the provided diagram below and explain it
briefly. Do this in your notebook.
HAND MASSAGE USING LOTION

Brief Explanation

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

8 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
E
Learning Task 5: Complete the table by writing at least three advantages and
disadvantages of using lotion in massage. Do this in your notebook.

Lotion in Advantages Disadvantages

Massage
1

1. What can you say about the use of lotion in massage?

2. What idea about lotion in massage catches your attention? Why?

Learning Task 6: Fill in the table with the needed information. Write only
three (3) in your notebook.

No Important skills in Discuss how this skill should be performed

. hand massage
1

What realization do you have in mind after learning the massage using Lotion.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

9 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 A
Learning Task 7: Read the following questions and write only the letter of
your answer in your notebook.
1. What nail care supply is use for skin bridging the gap between cleansing
and moisturizing by adding an extra layer of protection of moisture?
a. soft wax c. softening lotion
b. nail polish d. moisturizing alcohol
2. What practice in nail care services which is a form of reflexology wherein
hands are rubbed with fingers, knuckles and blunt?
a. cutting nails c. hand massage
b. applying wax d. hand washing
3. The first procedure in hand massage is_________________?
a. Grasp each finger.
b. Hold client hand firmly.
c. Rest client arm on the table.
d. Hold the clients hand in your arm.
4. What is the purpose of applying lotion to skin in hand massage?
a. to make it more gentle to massage and moisturize
b. to add more attractiveness to hand
c. to make hand more dry
d. to help clean hand
5. Which reflexology movement of fingers will completely relax the client
hands?
a. circular movement c. soft scrubbing
b. straight movement d. hard press

Learning Task 8: With the help of your family member, simulate know the
process, techniques and skills that must be done in applying lotion and mas-
sage. To guide you with the performance, take note of the rubrics below. After
doing the performance, let your subject rate your performance using the rubric
on the next page.

INDICATORS
CRITERIA 4 3 2 1
(Above Expecta- (Meet Expecta- (Approaching Ex- (Below Expecta-
tion) tion) pectations) tions)

Workmanship Performed wash- Performed wash- Showed slight evi- Showed a strong
ing, drying and ing, drying and dence of nervous- evidence of nerv-
scrubbing of cli- scrubbing of client ness during the ousness during the
ent hands with hands with some performance performance
ease confident hesitations
Use of tools, Proper use is very Proper use is well Proper use is satis- Proper use is fairly
equipment, and well observed observed factorily observed observed
materials
Safety precautions Safety precau- Safety precautions Safety precautions Safety precautions
tions were strict were strict ob- were strict observed were strict observed
observed at all served most of the sometimes if reminded
times times
Work habits Always main- Maintained clean- Maintained cleanli- Maintained cleanli-
tained cleanliness liness and orderli- ness and orderli- ness and orderli-
and orderliness in ness in the work ness in the work ness in the work
the work area area most of the area sometimes area if reminded
time
Speed Work properly Work done on Work done close to Work done beyond
done and finished time the given time the given time
ahead of time

10 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 WEEKS
Applying Hand Treatment 5-6
Lesson

I
In this lesson, you will study about appropriate advise to client after ser-
vice on maintenance program. You will learn how to give appropriate mainte-
nance program for client after service and later appreciate the importance of giv-
ing advise to client after service on maintenance program.
Have you ever been to salon? What service did you avail? Are you satis-
fied with the service given to you? If yes, then the salon personnel gave their
best for you. Have you tried having a hand or foo massage? After the service has
been done, did the salon personnel gave you the maintenance program for you
to maintain the result of the service?
As nail technicians, our perfect dream would be to have a full book of cli-
ents that frequent our salon for all their nail needs. The reality is that there are
a great many women (and men) that cannot afford, or have the time, to seek our
services and must perform their own nail care at home. I would much rather see
us take it upon ourselves to educate the public about the benefits of home nail
care than to see them chance the possibility of nail damage because of not
knowing the proper procedures of a manicure, pedicure, or the proper use of
nail related tools and implements and after service maintenance practices.
Now that we understand the complete nail unit, we will be better able to
properly care for our nails. There are several things we need to know or remem-
ber:
• The skin and nails are constantly bathed by a tidal flow of oils and
moisture.
• Everything we see and touch except for light and electricity is a chemi-
cal.
• Excessive hand washing or using household cleaning solutions without
protection can rob our skin and nails of vital oil and moisture, resulting
in split, peeling nails.
• Water is a chemical, so are all nail related products.
• Overexposure to any chemical can cause an allergic reaction.
• The nail plate is comprised of many layers of cells that lose their inner
material and become flat, hard and translucent.
• Strength is a combination of hardness, and flexibility.
• It is the client’s responsibility to maintain her nails at home between
salon visits.
• It is the technician’s responsibility to help the client maintain beautiful,
healthy nails.
• Nails that split and peel lack sufficient oil and moisture.
• Nail diseases and disorders should be diagnosed by a physician and the
prescribed medication taken or used as directed.
• The nail technician is trained to recognize nail diseases and disorders,
but not to treat them in the salon.

How to Take Care of Your Hands

Keeping Your Hands Clean
It’s important to keep your hands clean, but using an antibacterial hand
soap can dry out your skin. Instead, wash your hands with a moisturizing soap
that contains hydrating ingredients, such as shea butter, olive oil, or aloe vera,
to avoid stripping the natural oils from your skin. When you wash your hands,

11 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
avoid using hot water, which can also dry out your skin. Wash with lukewarm
water instead.
Clean under your nails with a nail brush. Even if you wash your hands
regularly, there may be dirt and grime under your fingernails that doesn’t rinse
away. While you’re washing your hands, use a good quality nail brush to gently
scrub beneath your nails and remove any dirt that may be stuck there.
You'll have an easier time keeping your nails clean if you groom them
properly. Use nail clippers to keep them at a length that you like, and file them
with a crystal nail file or gentle emery board into a neat shape, such as a square
or oval.
Exfoliate your hands weekly. Use a hand scrub once a week to buff away
the dry, rough skin and keep your hands soft and healthy. Wet your hands with
lukewarm water, and massage a small amount of the scrub over both of your
hands, working in circular motions. Rinse it off with warm water, and apply a
hand cream.
Moisturizing Your Hands
To ensure that your hands stay soft, you should use a hand cream sever-
al times a day. Look for a formula that contains emollient ingredients, such as
glycerin, shea butter, and natural oils. Massage the cream in after you wash
your hands in the morning and before you go to bed at night. If your hands start
to feel dry at any point during the day, reapply then as well.
Use vitamin E oil to moisturize your nails. While you should rub your
hand cream over your nails to keep them moisturized, it’s also important to tar-
get them directly with more intensive treatments. To keep your cuticles healthy,
apply a vitamin E oil to the skin around your nails each night before you go to
bed. That will help prevent the skin from becoming cracked and painful.
When your hands become extremely dry, the skin may actually crack and
split. To treat this painful type of dry skin, you need more intensive moisture
than a regular hand cream can provide. Reach for a rich ointment instead -- it
will deliver moisture and create a barrier over your skin that helps protect and
heal.
Even if you moisturize your hands daily, they may not get all the mois-
ture that they need. Use a hand mask once a week to deliver a super dose of hy-
dration that keeps the skin on your hands soft and healthy. Apply it to clean,
dry hands, and allow it to sit for the specified time on the packaging. Wash it off
with warm water, and follow up with a hand cream to lock in the moisture.
Protecting Your Hands
Just like the rest of your skin, your hands are vulnerable to damage from
the sun, including dark spots that can make them look older. To protect your
hands from the sun, apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a SPF of 30 or
higher everyday.
Plenty of the tasks that you have to do around the house can do damage
to your hands. Whether you’re washing dishes, doing yard work, or working
with tools, always put on a pair of protective gloves first. That will keep your
hands from getting dry, cracked, and callused.
If your hands have developed dark spots or other discolorations, the best
treatment is some type of retinol cream. Retinol helps stimulate the production
of new skin cells, so it works well to fade dark spots. Apply a retinol-based
cream to your hands before bed to keep your hands clear and smooth.
It's a good idea to moisturize after each time that you wash your hands.
Even if you use a moisturizing hand soap, washing can strip some of the mois-
ture from your skin. Applying a hand cream can help make sure that your
hands are properly hydrated.

12 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 D
Learning Task 1: Write the word that is defined in each number. The clues are
provided for you. Write your answers in your notebook.

M T 1. the act of preserving something’s quality

G M 2. a set of related measures or activities with a particu-

lar long term aim

U C N 3. a cream or lotion rubbed on to the skin to pro-

tect it from the sun

P T N 4. the act of guarding something to avoid get-

ting in contact with

R V O
5. the act of stopping something from happen-
ing or arising

Learning Task 2: Complete the table by writing at least three (3) practices. Do
this in your notebook.

How to Take Care of Your Hands

No. Keeping Your Hands Moisturizing Your Protecting Your
Clean Hands Hands
1

Learning Task 3: Fill in the table with the needed information about the im-
portant practices in hand maintenance program.

Taking Care of Hand After Service

No Significant Practices How it should be done
.
1
2

13 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 E
Learning Task 4: Read and analyze the situation below and answer the
following guide questions. Write your answers in your notebook.

Haydee and Maria went to a salon to experience hand spa

treatment because their friend told them about the beneficial effects of
hand spa. Unfortunately, during the hand spa session, Haydee found
a lot of mistakes in her service while the service for Maria was perfect-
ly done. What are the common problems or mistakes that Haydee ex-
perienced? How will you find solutions to these problems if you will be
the one to give an after service maintenance program for Haydee and
Maria. Considering that they have different situation.

Processing Questions:

1. What do you think are the problem encountered by Hydee? Give at

least two.

2. What is your opinion about the services rendered by the salon per-
sonnel?

3. Are you happy with the situation happened to Hydee? How about
for Maria? Why?

Learning Task 5: Fill in the table with the information needed. Construct sug-
gestions about the service maintenance practices for Hydee and Maria, consider-
ing that they have different situation. Do this in your notebook.

After Service Maintenance Practices Recommendations

Hydee

Maria

14 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
D
Learning Task 6: Read the following questions and write only the letter of
your answer in your notebook.
1. What do you call the set of activities given by the salon technician to their
customer after the service such as hand massage?
a. quality measures
b. post guided activity
c. quality service protocols
d. after service maintenance program
2. What nail care supply is commonly used to protect skin from direct sun-
light?
a. gel
b. collagen
c. sunscreen
d. paraffin wax
3. The maintenance practice you need to do in a dry skin is______________?
a. was hand daily
b. apply moisturizing cream
c. cover hand with rubber gloves
d. treat hand with ointment
4. Which of the following is NOT good for maintenance program after any nail
care service?
a. doing chores with no gloves at all
b. treat hands with a mask weekly
c. exfoliate your hand weekly
d. moisturize your hands
5. How often you should use sunscreen to protect your hand from direct heat?
a. everyday
b. every other day
c. when needed
d. once a week

15 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 WEEKS
Performing Hand and Foot Spa 7-8
Lesson

I
In this lesson, you will study how to dispose waste products including
used wax according to OHSC and Department of Health requirements. You will
be able to sanitize and store tools and equipment and the workstation for the
next treatment activity.
Storing and Sanitation Techniques
Look at the things around you. Even though these things may look
clean in your eyes but what you do not know is that there is still presence of
contaminants. Contaminant is any substance that causes contamination. Sa-
lon professional must always ensure safety and sanitation in the salon to pre-
vent and control infections and contagious diseases although it is very impos-
sible to keep the salon free from all contamination.
There is still a solution to prevent and control infections or contagious
diseases in the salon and that is through decontamination. Decontamination
is removing pathogens and other substances from tools or surfaces.
There are three levels of decontamination and these are sterilization,
sanitation, and disinfection.
Sterilization is the process of making an object germ-free by the de-
struction of all kinds of bacteria and it is also the highest level of decontami-
nation. Sterilization is impossible since you cannot sterilize all the tools and
equipment used in the salon.
Sanitation means significantly reducing the number of pathogens found
on a surface and is also considered as the lowest level of decontamination.
Why is sanitation considered as the lowest level of decontamination? Example
is the hair in a comb. Hair is the contaminant in the comb. How do you apply
sanitation here? All you must do is to remove the hair from the comb, and it is
as easy as that. That is why sanitation is the lowest level of decontamination.
Disinfection is the second level of decontamination next to sterilization.
Disinfection is very much applicable in the salon since sterilization is not prac-
tical and sanitation alone is not enough. Disinfection is the use of disinfectant
and antiseptic. Disinfectant is any substance or chemicals used to destroy
bacteria but is not safe to use on skin while antiseptic is an agent that pre-
vents the multiplication of bacteria. Since it is milder than disinfectant. It can
be used directly on the skin.
Any of these levels of decontamination must always be a part of every
nail care services and should be done before and after giving nail services to
your client. Proper waste disposal and proper handling and use of chemicals
are also of great importance when it comes to post-service activity.
Service Maintenance Program
Now, after performing the hand spa treatment to your client, it is time
for you to do the following steps:
1. Dispose waste products including used wax according to occupational
health and safety rules and regulations.
2. Sanitize and store tools, supplies and equipment.

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 3. Clean and sanitize workstation for the next treatment activity.
Good Housekeeping System (5’s)
Proper Waste Disposal refers to the process in keeping waste materials or
products in the proper place to avoid contamination.
Below are the steps in handling waste materials or products.
The 5’s:
1. Seiri (Sort) TIDINESS, ORGANIZATION
• Taking out and disposing of unnecessary items.
• Items that are not needed are thrown away or disposed.
2. Seiton (Systematize) ORDERLINESS
• Tools, equipment, and materials must be systematically arranged for
the easiest and most efficient access.
• Arrange / Organize necessary items in good condition.
• Assign a place for everything for easy access and returning of the equip-
ment, tools and even documents.
3. Seiso (Sweep) CLEANLINESS
• Cleaning even if things are not dirty. Regular cleaning prevents things
from getting too dirty that it would be difficult to make it clean.
• Indicates the need to keep the workplace clean.
4. Seiketsu (Standardize) STANDARDS
• Maintaining the workplace in high standard housekeeping.
• Allows for control and consistency. Basic housekeeping standard apply
everywhere in the facility.
• Housekeeping duties are part of regular work routines.
5. Shitsuke (Self-discipline) SUSTAINING DISCIPLINE
• Doing things spontaneously without having to be told.
• “Teach by doing”
• It is a good discipline to leave the workplace cleaner that when it is
found.
Check condition of tools and equipment
It is important to assemble, sanitize and sterilize all the necessary items
before starting any nail care activity. Sanitation is the application of measures
to promote public health and prevent the spread of infectious diseases. The ob-
servance of safety rules in the salon industry can be of great help in preventing
accidents and injury to anyone in the salon.
Sterilization and Sanitization
Sterilization is the process of destroying all living micro-organisms. Sani-
tization is the process of destroying some, but not all micro-organisms. Steriliza-
tion and sanitization techniques which are being practiced in the beauty salon
involve the use of physical agents like heat and radiation, and chemical agents
like antiseptics and vapor fumigants.

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Disinfectant and Antiseptic
A disinfectant is a substance used to control micro-organisms on non-
living surfaces such as tools, equipment, and furniture/ fixtures. An antiseptic
is an agent that prevents the multiplication of micro-organisms. Since it is mild-
er than a disinfectant, it can be used directly on the skin.
Preparation of Equipment to be Sanitized
• Read directions on disinfectant.
• Measure and mix disinfectant as directed.
• Saturate a cleaning cloth with disinfectant solution and wipe entire surface
area of equipment.
• Wipe the surface with paper towel to dry it.
• Dispose of sanitizing solution and used towels.
Preparation of Metals Implements for Sterilization
• Soak the tools/ implements in hot, soapy water solution to remove any de-
bris and oil residue. Rinse them thoroughly.
• Place the tools/implements in a 70% to 90% alcohol solution for 20 minutes.
• Remove the tools/implements from solution, wipe them dry, and place them
into a dry sterilizer.
Preparation of the Sanitizing Jar
• Cleanse sanitizing jar with disinfectant and wipe it dry.
• Place thin layer of sterile cotton at the bottom of jar.
• Remove implements from wet or dry sanitizer and place them into the jar,
handles up, except for metal nail file.
• Fill jar with 70% to 90% alcohol solution to cover cutting edges and tips of
orangewood sticks.
Keep in mind that all tools/implements and equipment should not be
used unless effectively sanitized or sterilized to prevent possible diseases and
that all materials are neatly organized on the trolley. All beauticians should
maintain a high standard of personal hygiene. Wherever possible, use disposa-
ble products.
Make sure that the client’s safety and comfort is ensured by using tools
and equipment which are in good condition and that he/she is provided with
the appropriate personal protective clothing.
Your goal is to give the highest professional nail care service to each cli-
ent thus, tools and equipment are checked thoroughly to identify those which
function efficiently and those which are not; Functional tools and equipment
are stored safely in accordance with salon requirements and local health regula-
tions. Non-functional or faulty tools and equipment are segregated and labeled
properly either for repair or for discarding.
After every working session, the following should be done:
• Tools which are made of plastic should be kept clean and sanitized properly
in preparation for the next patron.
• Empty bottles and containers are discarded in a covered trash bin.

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• Used treatment products and other chemicals are stored, arranged and
properly labeled in the cabinet.
• Finger bowls must be sanitized before use of every client.
• The hand and foot spa machines must be flushed with a solution of about
5% bleach and circulate the liquid through the system for at least 10
minutes.
• Leave the solution in the hand and foot spa machines overnight or at least 5-
10 hours before draining the machines so that they are thoroughly sanitized.
• Tabletops and door handles are wiped with disinfectant and the floor should
be mopped with disinfectant as well.
• Metal tools and instruments must be sterilized following proper sterilization
techniques. After the process, store in a dry cabinet until needed.
• Tools/Implements which are made of porous materials such as nail files,
buffers, nail brushes and orangewood sticks can harbor bacteria easily.
Since they are wood products which cannot be sterilized, these tools should
not be reused.
• Waste materials should be disposed properly in an enclosed waste bin fitted
with polythene bag. The bin should be sanitized with disinfectant regularly in
a well-ventilated area. Remember to wear protective gloves while doing this.
• Contaminated wastes should be disposed of as recommended by local au-
thority.
• Any tool or equipment in poor condition must be repaired immediately or
disposed properly so as not to pose danger to the clients as well as the beau-
ticians.

D
Learning Task 1: Fill-in the blanks with the correct words to complete a mean-
ingful statement. Choose from the words inside the box.

contamination second destroy

germ free reducing

1. Contaminant is any substance that causes __________ .

2. Sterilization is the process of making an object __________ by destruction of
all kind of bacteria.
3. Sanitation means significantly __________ the number of pathogens found in
an object.
4. Disinfection is the __________ level of decontamination.
5. Disinfectant is any substance used to __________ bacteria but is not safe to
use on skin.

19 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
Learning Task 2: On a separate sheet of paper, compose a narrative with 2-3
paragraphs with 150 words. Provide it an appropriate title. Use the guide ques-
tions below.

• What may happen if wastes are handled improperly?

• What rules and regulation does OHSC provides in handling this matter?
• How should we handle wastes?
• In what way handling wastes properly will benefit us?

E
Learning Task 3: Create a project plan on how to properly implement it base on
the OHSC guidelines. Make a project plan based on the given sample.

Project Plan
Project Plan No.:
Date Performed / Begun:
Date Finished:
Total Hours / Minutes Spent:

I. Name of the Project / Activity: ___________________________

II. Objectives / Purposes:
1. ____________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________
III. Bill of Materials:

Qty. Unit Description of Materials/Supplies Unit Cost Total Cost

Cost of Material/Supplies Php _______

IV. Tools and Equipment Needed:
1.______________________
2.______________________
V. Safety Precautions:
VI. Tasks/Procedures Involved in the Activity:
1. _____________________________________
2. _____________________________________
VII. Sketch / Drawing:
VIII. Cost of Production: (Bill of Materials + Cost of Service)
IX. Evaluation by the Teacher using Criteria/Rubrics:
X. Remarks:

20 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
Learning Task 4: Complete the figure below by supplying scenarios base on the
Good Housekeeping System(5’s).

SEIRI

SEIKET- SEISO
SU

Good Housekeeping System

SEITON SHITSU

A
Learning Task 5: Identify the concept described in each item. Write your an-
swers in your notebook.

______ 1. This is any substance used to destroy bacteria but is not safe to use
on skin.

______ 2. It is the process of making an object germ-free by destroying all kind of

bacteria.

______ 3. These are any substance that causes contamination.

______ 4. This is the second level of decontamination next to sterilization.

______ 5. This process to means significantly reduce the number of pathogens

found in an object.

a. Why do we ensure that tools are properly cleaned?

________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
b. If is not done properly, possible outcome would arise?

________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

21 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
 References

“Paraffin Wax Benefits” (ND). Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/

“Take Care of Your Hands.” (ND) https://www.wikihow.com/

22 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
Para sa mga katanungan o puna, sumulat o tumawag sa:

Department of Education Region 4A CALABARZON

Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Cainta Rizal

23 PIVOT 4A CALABARZON