Eliziah R.

Duero BSIT105
Instructions: Perform what is being asked. (30 points)

1. The side effects of a new drug are being tested against a placebo. A simple random sample of
565 patients yields the results below. At a significance level of 𝛼 = 0.10, is there enough evidence
to conclude that the treatment is independent of the side effect of nausea?

Result Drug Placebo Total

Nausea 36 (25.15) 13 (23.85) 49

No nausea 254 (264.85) 262 (251.15) 516

Total 290 275 565

a. The null hypothesis 𝐻0: (2 points)

The treatment is independent of the side effect of nausea

b. The alternative hypothesis 𝐻𝑎: (2 points)

The treatment is dependent of the side effect of nausea

c. The level of significance 𝛼 = (2 points)

𝛼 = 0.10

d. The degrees of freedom: (2 points)

(Number of rows – 1) x (number of columns – 1) = (2 – 1) x (2 – 1) = 1 x 1 = 1

e. The test statistic: (4 items x 4 points)

Row, Column E O (O – E) (O – E) 2 (

1,1 49 ∙290 36 10.85 117.72

=25 .1 5
565
1,2 49 ∙275 13 -10.85 117.72
=23 .8 5
565
2,1 516∙ 290 254 -10.85 117.72
=264.8 5
565
2,2 516∙ 275 262 10.85 117.72
=251.15
565

x 2=∑ ¿ ¿

f. The critical value: (2 points)

From 𝛼 = 0.10 and d.f = 1, the critical value is 2.706

g. Decision: (4 points)
Is there enough evidence to reject 𝐻0? Since x2 ≈ 10.53 > 2.706, there is enough
statistical evidence to reject the null hypothesis and to believe that the treatment is
dependent of the side effect of nausea.