Vibration Systems

ME 6340
(Credits 3)
INTRODUCTION 1a
Winter 2021

Instructor:
Bernardo Restrepo, Ph.D.

School of Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Department
Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico
Orlando Campus
Course Description

➢ Introduction to vibration of mechanical systems. Free vibration of undamped and damped systems. Response to
harmonic excitation of undamped and damped systems. Vibration instrumentation. Design for vibration suppression.
Free and forced vibration of two degree of freedom system.
➢ Some vibrations are desirable, such as the oscillation of the pendulum that controls the movement of a clock, or the
vibration of the string of a musical instrument.
➢ Most vibrations, however, are deemed to be harmful, ranging of annoying (vibration-induced noise) to the catastrophic
(structural failure of aircraft).

https://themindfool.com/the-law-of-vibration/ https://www.greatbigcanvas.com/view/guitar-string-vibrating,1134924/ 2
Course Objectives

After taking this course, students should be able to:

1. Develop a mathematical model for a vibrating system.

2. Obtain the equivalent spring and mass in a system containing several springs and masses.

3. Derive the equation of motion of a single degree of freedom system and obtain the natural frequencies.

4. Determine the response of an undamped and damped single degree of freedom system.

5. Determine the response of a single degree of freedom system to harmonic excitation.

6. Determine the vibration characteristics using vibration instrumentation.

7. Design an isolator for a single degree of freedom system to isolate vibrations from the base or to the base.

8. Determine the natural frequencies and mode shapes of a two degree of freedom system.

9. Design a vibration absorber for a given application.

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What are Vibrations?

• Vibrations refer to the repetitive motion of objects relative to a stationary reference frame or nominal position

• Vibrations can be wanted or unwanted

• Vibrations occur essentially everywhere and greatly affects mechanical systems

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Why study vibrations?

• Extensive applications in machines and structures

• Major contributor to mechanical failure

– Excessive wear of mechanical components

– Induce fatigue and cracking

– Fasteners come loose

• Environmental Impact
– Generate noise

– Uncomfortable for humans

– Causes Operator fatigue

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Unwanted Vibration Examples

➢ Rotor vibration due to unbalance

➢ Engine blade vibration

➢ Shock response in electronic components during flight

➢ Impact response of landing gears

➢ Wing vibration under wind loads

➢ Structural response during hurricanes, earthquakes

➢ Response of offshore structures due to wave loadings

➢ Isolation of microgravity experiments from on-board equipment

➢ Noise from engines, trains, etc.

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Wanted Vibration Examples
▪ Energy Harvesting
▪ Power Tools (Sander, Oscillating Tool)
▪ Medical Applications (Massage Therapy)
▪ Manufacturing and Industrial Applications (Casting, Forging)

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Course Additional Tools

• MATLAB (Scilab, Octave)

http://www.mathworks.com/index.html?s_tid=gn_logo

http://www.scilab.org/

GNU Octave

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References

Title: Engineering Vibration

4th Edition
Pearson
Author: Daniel J. Inman
ISBN-13: 978-01-3-287169-3