TUTORIAL 5 PHASE EQUILIBRIUM

1. 1.00 g of sulphanilamide, C6H8O2N2S is dissolved in 10.0 g of acetone, C3H6O. Vapor pressure of

pure acetone at the same temperature is 400 mmHg. Calculate vapour pressure of the solution.
(387mmHg)

2. 5.00 g of non-volatile compound was dissolved in 100 g water at 30oC. Vapor pressure of the
solution was measured and found to be 31.20 torr. Vapor pressure of pure water at 30 oC is 31.82
torr. Calculate molecular mass of the unknown solute.(45.5g)

3. For a 0.262 m solution of sucrose in water , calculate the freezing point and boiling point of the
solution. Given Kf water=1.855oCm-1 and Kb water = 0.512oCm-1. (Tb=100.34oC; Tf=-0.486oC)

4. Calculate freezing point and boiling point for a 0.15 m aqueous solution of sodium chloride. Given
the Kf water =1.855oCm-1 and Kb water = 0.512 oCm-1. (Tb=100.154oC; Tf=-0.557oC)

5. 1.15 g of an unknown , non-volatile compound raises the boiling point of 75.0 g benzene (C 6H6) by
0.275oC. Kb = 2.53oCm-1. Calculate the molecular mass of the unknown compound. (141g/mol)

6. Calculate the osmotic pressure exhibited by 0.10 M sucrose at 20 oC.

7. Calculate the osmotic pressure exhibited by 0.42 M KOH at 30 oC

8. 0.500 g haemoglobin was dissolved in enough water to make 100.0 mL solution. At 25 oC the
osmotic pressure was 1.78 x 10-3 atm. Calculate the molecular mass of haemoglobin.

9. If the vapour pressure of water at 25 oC is 23.76 torr, calculate the vapour pressure of a solution of
50.0 g glucose, C6H12O6 in 600 g of water. (23.56 torr)

10.Calculate the vapour pressure depression of 56 g of glycerol (C 3H8O3) in 450 g of water at 25oC.
(0.56 torr)

11.What is the boiling point of 0.5 m lactose in water? Kb for water is 0.512 oC/m (100.3oC)

12.What is the boiling point of 35 g of C2H6O2 in 250 g ethanol? Boiling point of ethanol is
78 oC and Kb is 1.22 oC/m. (80.68oC)

13.A mixture of benzene and methylbenzene forms an ideal mixture. Calculate the total pressure and
the composition of the vapour which is in equilibrium with a liquid mixture containing 100 g of
benzene and 80 g of methylbenzene at 29 oC. Vapor pressure of benzene and methyl benzene at 29
o
C is 32.6 kPa and 30.1 kPa.(31.71kPa)

14.Calculate mol fraction of liquid A in an ideal mixture of two liquid, A and B, which has a total
pressure of 29.0 kPa.
15. Hydrogen bromide (b.p= 67 oC) and water (b.p=100 oC) forms an azeotropic misxture (bp=126
o
C), containing 47% hydrogen bromide by mass.
(a) sketch the vapour pressure –composition graph for the HBr/H 2O system. Label the liquid and
vapour lines clearly.
(b) Sketch the boiling point-composition graph for the HBr/H2O system. Explain what happens
when a mixture containing 65% of hydrogen bromide by mass is distilled fractionally.

16. A mixture of chlorobenzene and water boils at 90.5 oC at 101 kPa. Calculate the percentage of
chlorobenzene in the distillate. Vapor pressure of chlorobenzene at 90.5 oC is 3.01 x 104 Pa.

17. Propan-1-ol (boiling point=97oC) and water (boiling point=100oC) form an azeotrope (boiling
point=88oC) with composition of 72% propan-1-ol by mass.

(a) sketch the boiling point-composition diagram of a mixture of propan-1-ol and water.

(b) Describe with the aid of your sketch, what happens when a mixture containing 50% propan-1-
ol is fractionally distilled.