RESEARCH PROJECT

THE IMPACT OF EQUALITY AND DIVERSITY ON

GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE IN OMAN
 Acknowledgement
I am using this opportunity to express my gratitude to everyone who supported me throughout
the course of this research project. I am thankful for their aspiring guidance, invaluably
constructive criticism and friendly advice during the project work. I am sincerely grateful to
them for sharing their truthful and illuminating views on several issues related to the project. I
express my warm thanks to my peers for their support and guidance at data collection and data
analysis. I would also like to thank my research external guide to my tutor and all the people who
provided me with the facilities being required and conductive conditions for my dissertation. 

Thank you,

Author

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 Abstract
In this assignment, a research paper has been developed on the topic “The impact of equality
and diversity on government performance in Oman”. In respect to this topic a well-structured
introduction has been provided which outlines the current scenario, theories, various
developments associated with the task along with the importance and purpose of the study. The
introduction section further includes rational, aim and scope of the research work which is
followed by research questions, objective and limitations. In the second chapter, the review of
literature has been done that is regarding the equality and diversity which are prevalent in the
regions of Oman and the impact of these aspects to the government of Oman as well as the
society being mentioned. This can be seen through the literature review that on Oman, the
provision of gender equality and diversification is being encouraged to instill improvement to the
society in the overall basis. The culture of the Omani region is making the development of a
better world for them. With the help of primary and secondary data the impact of equality and
Diversity on the government performance in Oman has been detailed. The data analysis
represents the influencers government performance in Oman has witnessed and the challenging
factors that are lagging its further development. The major areas of impact include women's
developmental plans and the economic and social development with equal opportunities
assessment. Emphasizing on the lagging factors like educational challenges, gender disparity and
adaptability culture can help in witnessing progressive impact of equality and diversity.

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 Table of Contents
Chapter 1 - Introduction...................................................................................................................6

1.1 Current scenario of the topic..................................................................................................6

1.2 Theories related to the subject/topics.....................................................................................6

1.3 Various developments of the subject.....................................................................................6

1.4 Importance and purpose of the study.....................................................................................7

1.5 Rationale of the study............................................................................................................7

1.6 Aims of the study...................................................................................................................8

1.7 Scope of the research.............................................................................................................8

1.8 Research questions.................................................................................................................8

1.9 Objectives of the research......................................................................................................8

1.10 Limitations of the research...................................................................................................9

1.11 Chapter Schemes..................................................................................................................9

Chapter 2 - Literature Review.......................................................................................................10

2.1 Introduction on literature review..........................................................................................10

2.2 Meaning of the subject/topic................................................................................................10

2.3 Definition of the subject/topic..............................................................................................10

2.4 A diverse ICT to the Omani culture leading to a better world in the Omani public firms. .10

2.5 The effect of diversity in the e-governance of Oman..........................................................11

2.6 Equality and Gender Parity in the Sultanate of Oman.........................................................12

Chapter 4: Data Analysis...............................................................................................................13

4.1 Primary data analysis (Quantitative)....................................................................................13

4.2 Secondary data analysis.......................................................................................................19

Chapter 5: Findings and Recommendations..................................................................................22

Reference list.................................................................................................................................24

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Annexure........................................................................................................................................26

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 List of tables
Table 1: Importance of equality and diversity on Govt’s performance.....................................6
Table 2: Benefits of equality & diversity...................................................................................7
Table 3: Reason of importance of E&D in Govt’s performance...............................................8
Table 4: Impact of E&D.............................................................................................................9
Table 5: Challenges if promoting E&D...................................................................................10

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 List of figures
Figure 1: Importance of equality and diversity on Govt’s performance....................................7
Figure 2: Benefits of equality & diversity..................................................................................8
Figure 3: Reason of importance of E&D in Govt’s performance..............................................9
Figure 4: Impact of E&D.........................................................................................................11
Figure 5: Challenges if promoting E&D..................................................................................11

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Chapter 1 - Introduction

1.1 Current scenario of the topic

The topic of this research project is to represent the impact of equality and diversity on
government performance in Oman. In this regard, it can be specified that Oman has an absolute
monarchy in which the sultanate of the nation is both the head of the state as well as the head of
government. The government of Oman largely emphasizes on involving both men and women in
various forums and cultural events (en.unesco.org 2020). Besides this, the Sultanate of Oman
provides awareness, training workshops and educational seminars to highlight the role of
women. Equality and diversity had played a vital role in establishing a positive labor market
which in turn enhanced the performance of the Omani government. Due to this reason, when it
comes to recruitment, the business leaders and actors ensure employment of people from diverse
cultures as it is essential to push the economic wheel on Oman forward (timesofoman.com
2020). Therefore, it can be stated that equality and diversity is significant for the performance
development of the Omani government.

1.2 Theories related to the subject/topics

In relation to the research topic it can be specified that social categorization theory and
intergroup contact theory are the most recent theories. The social categorization theory discusses
the process through which individuals will be able to classify themselves and others individuals
in terms of social categories by using characteristics like gender, age, race, and national origin.
This theory further suggests that people are usually attracted towards those who are similar to
themselves. In contrast to this, the intergroup contact theory states that by ensuring frequent
contact among people of different groups can help in enhancing the level of familiarity among
the members of different groups and help in reduction of conflicts and stereotypes and conflicts
(Harjoto, Laksmana and Yang, 2018).

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1.3 Various developments of the subject

The subject associated with this research work is a significant area that is largely responsible for
the various changes in the legislation and political frameworks of various nations. In this regard
it can be specified that the government of Oman is continually seeking to modify its legal
framework in order to attract a variety of people from different backgrounds all over the world.
Such an approach of the Sultanate of Oman has enabled the nation to achieve success in
promoting its law and order. Additionally, such developments enable the nation to differ from
many other nations in terms of practicing cultural harmony based on their internal policies.

1.4 Importance and purpose of the study

The concerned research work is important for the betterment of the performance of the Omani
government through equality and diversity practices. The purpose of this research work is to
highlight the importance of adopting approaches based on equality and diversity and outline its
impact on the development of a nation through governmental performance. The observations and
findings that are gained in this work will help in producing a range of quality results that in turn
would help the considered nation to develop its practices and perspectives towards diversity and
equality.

1.5 Rationale of the study

What is the research issue?

The researcher has found out that many nations fail to adopt effective equality and diversity
practices and approaches, which is the outcome of poor performance of the government. The
researcher here tries to show the extent to which the performance of government in Oman has
been impacted due to its diversity and equality practices.
Why is it an issue?
The current situation can be considered as an issue because the extent to which equality and
diversity has impacted the performance of government in Oman is not yet evaluated in an
effective manner.
Why is it an issue now?

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The considered situation is still an issue now because despite taking certain initiatives and
measure towards the maintenance of equality and diversity, the government of Oman faced
certain issues which in turn affects the performance of the nation’s government.
What does this research shed light on?
This particular investigation work can assist the nation’s government, that is the Omani
government to identify better approaches and practices to enhance its performance through the
adoption of better strategies for the maintenance of equality and diversity in the nation. This
research work sheds light on the importance of diversity and equality in the considered nation
and its impact of governmental performance.

1.6 Aims of the study

The primary aim of the concerned task is to examine the impact of equality and diversity upon
the performance of the government of Oman.

1.7 Scope of the research

Through this research work the research fellow has developed the scope for determining the
vitality of equality and diversity in terms of national development. Additionally, this research
work gives the scope of developing a clear and concise understanding of the relationship
between the development of an inclusive attitude and the performance elevation of government
in Oman.

1.8 Research questions

RQ 1: What is the concept of equality and diversity in Oman?

RQ 2: What initiates have been taken by the government of Oman towards the maintenance of
equality and diversity?
RQ 3: What is the impact of equality and diversity on government performance in Oman?

1.9 Objectives of the research

● To establish a clear understanding of the importance of equality

● To critically evaluate the concept of diversity

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 ● To evaluate the perspective of the Omani government towards equality and diversity
● To determine the approaches initiated by the Omani government to perform with equality
and diversity
● To analyze the impact of equality and diversity on government performance in Oman

1.10 Limitations of the research

While the execution of the research work, under consideration, a few limitations have been
encountered by the research fellow. The researcher has to face financial constraints, accessibility
and permission issues and time management issues.

1.11 Chapter Schemes

This chapter outlines the present scenario related to the topic, along with associated theories,
subject developments, importance and purpose of the study. Additionally, the rationale of the
study, its aim and Scope have been outlined. Lastly, Research questions, Objectives and the
Limitations have been discussed.

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Chapter 2 - Literature Review

2.1 Introduction on literature review

In this chapter, the overview regarding the variables is being provided. The theoretical as well as
the empirical literature are being delivered regarding the effect of diversity and equality on the
performance of the regulatory body in Oman.

2.2 Meaning of the subject/topic

There is the incorporation of several programs and politics that has been adopted by the
Sultanate of Oman to serve a comprehensive image regarding the mechanism that protects the
diversification of cultural expression. The impact of diversification and equality has led to the
shift of paradigm and has affected the governance of Oman.

2.3 Definition of the subject/topic

A diversified and inclusive workforce brings enhanced value not only to the firm, but also to the
workers and even to the entire society. When the people from all the gender and ethnicities and
the genders are being provided with respect, the organization gets flourished as well as the
governance of Oman.

2.4 A diverse ICT to the Omani culture leading to a better world in the Omani
public firms

In accordance to Zamani et al. (2017), the penetration of the information and communication
technology in getting enhanced in the exponential rates and serve the impact to the country,
society as well as the organization. To realize and explain the way that the public department
firms are adopting and making the usage of online forms of social platforms, for the providence
regarding e-governance services, will serve an optimal world to survive in the public department
of Oman. The initiatives which are being taken into account by the e-government of Oman, is
making the establishment of a better world, that is not only regarding the development and
poverty, but also comprises a moral agenda (Al, 2017). While doing the addressing of the moral

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concepts, the ethical as well as equality issues have turned to become apparent. The diversity is
present in the Omani sectors and serves the sufficient experiences associated with the e-
governance projects. This is being mentioned by Al et al. (2020) that cultural diversity can turn
out to be the asset for the organization, if it is being administered in an efficient manner. In  the
era of globalization, the higher educational services that are prevalent in Oman, can only view
the impact of cultural diversification and this is being regarded as an asset which aids the
establishment of the intellectual capital of Oman. In spite of the enactment regarding the
procedures of nationalizing the workforce, the presence of cultural diversity continues to become
the characteristic component of higher education (Fadhil, 2019)

2.5 The effect of diversity in the e-governance of Oman

Al (2018), stated that there is the presence of numerous projects in Oman, that emerged from  the
Oman Vision 2020, that is regarded in the form of a statement to the national strategy. The target
of this is to make the creation of a diversified financial structure that targets the evolutionary
opportunities in the several grounds (Al, 2020). Sometimes, the diversity imposes a challenge to
the recognition regarding the aspects of culture. The main focus of the Oman government is to
gain the understanding of the cultural diversification in the organization. The contrasts in
practices are the outcome from the membership in the organization, whereas the aspect of
diversity is vitally associated with the attributes of nationality. Tolerance is associated with the
aspect of acceptance and the adoption of the innovative ideas without doing the development of
resistance, thus ensuring diversification in the firms (Sulaiman, 2020). The Omanis do exhibit an
enormous level of tolerance and this can contribute to a high effect to the success of information
technology of the particular region (Al, 2016). The society of Oman, grants the equality of
gender and the provision of impartial justice is being provided to all. The citizens of Oman are
also provided with the right to ensure the creation of decisions on their own. There is the
establishment of cultural emphasis regarding transcendence in terms of the selfish interest, with
the objective to ensure the promotion of welfare to the different members of the community,
which comprises equality, freedom etc. this can be seen of the Oman society, that the cultures
that are feminine, provides the emphasis regarding equality and are focused on the maintenance
of social connectivity (Al et al. 2018). 

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2.6 Equality and Gender Parity in the Sultanate of Oman

Khan et al. (2016) did the review regarding the practice and policy that pertains to the gender
parity and the equality of gender regarding the education in the GCC countries, more specifically
in the Sultanate of Oman. The insights and lessons are being drawn to ensure the formulation of
strategies for doing the promotion of gender equality. This will inform the policy of Education
2030 which is associated with the achievement of new targets regarding the Sustainable
development objectives. One of the challenges of the society that serves the impact to the
standard of education is associated with the context of gender inequality. The attainment of
gender equality in the education sectors of Oman, with a major concentration of ensuring an
entire availability in the fundamental level of education, that are of the optimal quality. The
equality of gender and the appreciation regarding cultural diversification is the contribution of
the culture to the development of the region in a sustainable way. The Oman people take into
consideration the significance of gender equality in attaining the right to education for all the
members of the country. The region is therefore dedicated to provide the support to the practices,
plans and the learning environment which are highly gender sensitive, thus eliminating the
gender oriented discrimination and the violence which takes place in the schools.
As opined by Boughanmi et al. (2019), in Oman, the service organization does account for the
optimal range of shares regarding the departmental composition of the GDP and takes into
account an important component of the total procedure of financial diversification, that are away
from gas and oil.  The policy of diversification is growing here in the slow pace, since a majority
of the revenue of the government of Oman, comes from oil (Ghouse et al. 2017).

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Chapter 4: Data Analysis

Increasing concern and confidence over harnessing equality and diversity to every possible field
of workforce has led to experience differentiated impact. Oman with its numerous initiatives on
encouraging and promoting equality opportunities of improvement has been evident. In this
section the data and information collected through the survey procedure has been analysed using
graphical representations on the statistics.

4.1 Primary data analysis (Quantitative)

Q1: How far do you agree equality & diversity have importance in government
performance?

Options Frequency response Respondents Total number of

respondents
Strongly Agree 40% 12 30

Agree 26.7% 8 30

Neutral 16.6% 5 30

Disagree 10% 3 30

Strongly Disagree 6.6% 2 30

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 Table 1: Importance of equality and diversity on Govt’s performance

40.00%

26.70%
16.60%
10.00%
6.60%

Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree

Figure 1: Importance of equality and diversity on Govt’s performance

Analysis: in accordance with the statistical analysis off the data collected it has been evident
that majority of the respondents agree on the critical importance of equality and diversity in
government performance. It is evident that equality and Diversity is influencing government
performance with me changes and areas of influence. it can be everything that equality and
Diversity has influence the practices of Oman employability and its opportunity is regarding
offering equal access ability to the Omanis. It can be stated that dealing with effective equality
and Diversity can improve government performance in contributing to overall economic and
social development.

Q2: Among the following which one do you consider to be the most effective benefit of
equality & diversity?

Options Frequency Respondents Total number of

response respondents
Positive working 16.6% 5 30
relationship

Equal opportunities 30% 9 30

for all

23.4% 7 30
Promotes innovation

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 and retains skill

Reduced inequality 30% 9 30

and discrimination

Table 2: Benefits of equality & diversity

30% 30%
23%
17%

p l ll n
hi al ki tio
ns or ss a
tio sf ai
n in
l a i t ie re
t ri m
re un sc
in
g rt an
d di
rk p po n a nd
o o t io y
v ew u al
o va al
it
i
sit Eq i nn eq
u
o in
P es
ot c ed
rom du
P
Re

Figure 2: Benefits of equality & diversity

Analysis: In Oman the dimensions of workforce diversity are multifaceted and due to the
particular dimensions the personal habits and recreational habits differ accordingly along with
religion and educational background. Likewise it is important that equality and Diversity benefits
government performance of women with possible constraints. Evident from the statistical
analysis the most significant benefit availed by women’s government with equality diversity is
equal opportunities for all. Besides the government has been able to benefit its working
relationships and promote innovation by reducing inequality and discrimination on the basis of
gender race taste and preferences and religion. This shows that government performance in
Oman have witnessed different benefits among which equal opportunities is the most important.

Q3: According to you why equality and diversity is important in government performance?

Options Frequency Respondents Total number of

response respondents
To secure access 40% 12 30

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 opportunities to all

13.4% 4 30
To identify the
lagging factors

To preventing 20% 6 30
discrimination and
harassment

To increase 26.7% 8 30
resource acquisition

Table 3: Reason of importance of E&D in Govt’s performance

40.00%
26.70%
20.00%
13.40%

l rs t
al o en ti on
to ct ss
m
isi
s fa ra
i ti e i ng ha cq
u
un a
t gg nd ce
p or e la n
a u r
o
op th
at
io es
ss ify in ser
c ce e nt im e a
ea id r cr
ur isc in
c To g
d
To
se in
To e nt
ev
pr
To

Figure 3: Reason of importance of E&D in Govt’s performance

Analysis: In discussing the reasons behind considering equality and diversity to be important in
government performance different areas have came across during the session. The reasons
include securing access opportunities for the Omanis identification of the lagging factors to
prevent discrimination and harassment and to increase resource acquisition. These are the critical
areas by which government performance on Oman has reflected its efficiency and influence to be
important perspective. Additional it is important to know that major aim of encouraging equality
and diversity in Oman is to secure access opportunities and reduce discrimination with all

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possible means. Impact of equality and diversity can be considered to be beneficial and the
reasons are visible in the overall development.

Q4: What impact do equality and diversity have on government performance Oman?

Options Frequency response Respondents Total number of

respondents
Promoted Oman’s 30% 9 30
development plans
Increased involvement 13.4% 4 30
of women in labour
market
30% 9 30
Contribution to Oman
vision 2020

Maximised career 26.7% 8 30

aspirations

Table 4: Impact of E&D

27%
30%
Promoted Oman’s
development plans
Increased involvement of
women in labour market
Contribution to Oman
vision 2020
Maximised career
aspirations
13%
30%

Figure 4: Impact of E&D

Analysis: In concerns on what impacts do equality and diversity have on government
performance in Oman the areas came across includes promoted women's development plants

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increasing the women and women in labour market enhancing women's vision 2020 and
maximization of career aspirations. These are the four major areas affected by equality and
diversity on government performance in Oman. However it is important to note that majority of
the respondents considers the impact of equality and diversity direct on the development plans of
Oman and its consecutive actions on the contribution to Oman vision 2020.

Q5: What challenges do you face as a negative impact to equality and diversity in
government performance?

Options Frequency response Respondents Total number of

respondents
Work-life balance 26.7% 8 30
Gender-pay gap 33.3% 10 30

Adaptability 20% 6 30

Race and ethnicity 20% 6 30

Table 5: Challenges if promoting E&D

20%
27%

Work-life balance
Gender-pay gap
adaptibility
20% Race and ethnicity

33%

Figure 5: Challenges if promoting E&D

Analysis: It is evident that equality and diversity offers multifaceted impact to government
performance in Oman. It was physically important to identify the challenges faced as a negative
impact on applications on harnessing equality and diversity with performance. The four areas
that have negative significance and lagging equality and diversity in government performance

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includes the challenges regarding work life balance, gender pay gap, in effective approach
towards accepting cultures and race and ethnicity. Thereby it is important to deal with these
challenges in improving the positive impacts the government performance has due to
concentrated equality and diversity.

4.2 Secondary data analysis

In modern day economics it is important to promote equality and diversity in achieving its
multifaceted benefits and influences in the overall development. In accordance with the reviewed
data and existing literature it has been evident that inclusive force brings Innovation and
creativity and the government critically requires innovation regarding its further development.
The significance of equality and diversity in the government performance impacts different areas
that have father opportunities regarding the entire economic and social development of the
sultanate of Oman. Oman’s government has taken significant initiative in promoting and
encouraging equality and diversity considering it to be a key to direct the developmental trees
towards a progressive outcome. Equality and Diversity revolves around the importance of equal
and fair treatment regardless of their gender, race , ethnicity , religion and other differentiating
factors. Additionally the protected characteristics in equality and diversity promoted by Oman
government include age disability gender reassignment race religion and belief sexual orientation
and preferences and other equality constraints related to protecting human rights. Role of women
in employability and the developmental areas have always been a major concern in Oman.

It has been evident that one of the significant acetyl challenges that affect the quality of
education in Oman is the gender disparity and gender inequality. In this particular contact the
government role requires implementing the equality and diversity policies from the initial level
to such extent that have the least probability of violating these policies. Besides government
performance regarding equality and diversity and its respective impact regarding education
employment social development and influencing cultural diversity is significant. In determining
the impact and importance of equality and Diversity on government performance the significance
of the gender disparities and equality concerns in the sultanate of Oman are to be analysed
against the challenging factors. In the sultanate of Oman the challenges regarding gender parity
and equality begins in the focus from schooling to offering the access ability to required

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necessary equipment for schooling to all children regardless their gender. It has been evident
from the analysis that with the help of equality and Diversity the Omani culture has greatly been
able to employ the diversity in the public forms using technological instances. Oman is still
growing and developing regarding the technological governance and information communication
technology e-Governance and other information technological diversification are being tied in
the government performance with the initiative government employed regarding accepting the
diversity in their performance.

The policy makers are more concerned about dealing with the basic challenges that are affecting
the significance of equality and diversity in Oman as the challenges are able to affect adaptability
and flexibility towards accepting external cultures and innovations in each level regardless of the
workplace, school and social development. However with the critical consideration on corporate
social approaches and responsibility equality and diversity the major impact on government’s
performance in Oman that is notable is women's empowerment from the perspective of female
Omani leaders. Substantial gender gap still exists in the global platform in terms of the
representation of employing women in the overhead positions and leading certain fields.
However with critical considerations regarding the corporate social responsibility the preliminary
findings state the improvements regarding women in the lead and reduced challenges regarding
women's employability in Oman compared with their male counterparts. Thus it can be
concluded from the analysis that the impact of equality and diversity is progressive and
productive in the overall development.

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Chapter 5: Findings and Recommendations

In retrospect it can be stated that the people have offered detailed analysis of equality and
diversity and its respective impact on government performance in Oman. It is evident that
equality and diversity is one of the critical areas of modern day economics and the social
developmental concerns. Indeed equality and Diversity have significance of offering innovative
and tactical production in performance. However major concern of equality and Diversity
includes reducing discrimination and increasing opportunities and fair treatment to all. The
lagging factors regarding social development and adaptability includes discrimination and
harassment based on gender ethnicity race religion beliefs sexual orientation and lifestyle. These
taboos are critically hindering the development and require elimination introducing positive
values on those differences. Impact of equality and Diversity on government performance in
Oman includes the protection based on association and perception applicable to race, religion or
belief including age disability, gender reassignment pregnancy and maternity and other areas.

The performance of government in Oman has witnessed multifaceted impact by equality and
diversity. It has witnessed improvements regarding production performance and development
while on the other hand it has witnessed challenges like racism harassment unethical activities
and other legging factors. The main concern of the government is to promote equal opportunity
and treat the diverse population in Oman with fair treatment regardless of their references in
linguistics and gender. Besides increasing women’s participation in the labour market of Oman is
one of the major areas of concern. With effective approaches and initiatives by Oman
government diversities importance has been harnessed with each level. It can be conclusively
stated that the impact of equality and diversity and government performance is positive and it has
the ability to contribute to further economic development as well as social development to deal
with the cultural challenges and welcome diversity significance successfully.

It can be recommended that the substantial gender gap and gap in educational growth and
development needs effective mitigation that can impact government performance more
effectively. Two particular major areas are to be improved in witnessing the positive impact of
equality and diversity in women’s government performance. These two particular areas include
educational development and inclusion of equality and diversity in each level of workplace.

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Educational growth and development including increasing equal access ability to educational
aids and equipment to the children regardless their general can help in their academic growth and
build up. Besides inequality from the initial state starting schooling, the government needs to
focus on channelling equality and Diversity from this stage to eliminate its negative repetitions
on the overall further development.

It has been evident that equality and Diversity to be a priority in workplaces and organisations of
Oman will help in building a productive economy that accepts diversity in culture and
production. This will create significance in establishing relations and positive attitude towards
diversity. This in turn would help in witnessing father's positive impact on government
performance in Oman. Thus, by comprehending these particular areas the impact of equality and
diversity can be improved concretely emphasising on the promotion of fairness and equal
accessibility.

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Zamani, E.D., Choudrie, J. and Al-Bulushi, A., 2017. Are Online Social Networks, Leading to a
‘better world In the Omani Public Sector? A Qualitative Study.

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Annexure

Q1: How far do you agree equality & diversity have importance in government
performance?

 Strongly agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly disagree

Q2: Among the following which one do you consider to be the most effective benefit of
equality & diversity?

 Positive working relationship

 Equal opportunities for all
 Promotes innovation and retains skill
 Reduced inequality and discrimination

Q3: According to you why equality and diversity is important in government performance?

 To secure access opportunities to all

 To identify the lagging factors
 To preventing discrimination and harassment
 To increase resource acquisition

Q4: What impact do equality and diversity have on government performance Oman?

 Promoted Oman’s development plans

 Increased involvement of women in labour market
 Contribution to Oman vision 2020
 Maximised career aspirations

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Q5: What challenges do you face as a negative impact to equality and diversity in
government performance?

 Work-life balance
 Gender-pay gap
 Ineffective approach towards
 Race and ethnicity

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