DIRECT AND INDIRECT TIM BAHASA INGGRIS

KEPERAWATAN
FIKES UNAS
SPEECH
• Direct ialah kalimat langsung, artinya kalimat dialog yang
digunakan seseorang saat berbicara langsung dengan
orang lain.

• Indirect ialah kalimat tidak langsung, artinya kalimat

dialog yang sudah terjadi di masa lampau kemudian
diceritakan kembali pada oranglain.
• Contoh 1
• Direct speech : The nurse said, “I want to help you.”
• Indirect speech : The nurse said that she wanted to help me.

• Contoh 2
• Direct speech : Doctor said, “I made you a recipe.”
• Indirect speech : Doctor said that she had made me a recipe.

• Contoh 3
• Direct speech : She said,”I’m going to the ward.”
• Indirect speech : She said that she was going to the ward.
 • Direct Speech/kalimat • Indirect Speech/kalimat
langsung tak langsung

1. Selalu menggunakan 1. Tanda baca koma(,) dan

tanda kutipan (“). kutipan (”) hilang
2. Kata langsung oleh digantikan kata “that”.
pembicara selalu juga 2. Kata “that” sangat
dipisahkan dengan berguna untuk membantu
tanda baca koma (,). berlangsungnya kalimat.
1. Selalu ada penggunaan tanda baca koma dan
tanda kutipan antara pembicara dengan yang
dibicarakan.

2. Selalu menggunakan kata “that.”

3. Ada perubahan jenis kalimat (lihat rumus berikut

ini)
 DIRECT (TIME) INDIRECT(TIME)
1. Here 1. Theres
2. This 2. That
3. These 3. those
4. Now 4. Then
5. Today 5. That day
6. Yesterday 6. The day before, the previous day
7. Tommorow 7. The following day, the next day, the day after
8. Last 8. The previous
9. Ago 9. Before
10. next 10. The following
 DIRECT
1. Father “Clean the floor!”
2. Soya, “Be careful !”
1. Teacher, “ Don’t be Late!”
2. Gery, “Don’t tear the book!”
QUESTION
DIRECT
1. Ratna, “ Are you a nurse?”
2. Heru, “Do you like soto ayam?”
3. Mike, “Can you swim?”
1. Josh,”where are you from?”
2. Yahya,”What do you buy last night?”
INDIRECT
1. Father asked me to clean the floor.
2. Soya asked to be careful.
1. Teacher asked me not to be late.
2. Gery asked me not to tear the
book.
INDIRECT
1. Ratna asked if/whether I was a nurse.
2. Heru asked if I like soto ayam.
3. Mike asked if I could swim.
1. Josh asked where I was from.
2. Yahya asked what I bought the night before.
 Direct speech Indirect speech
Present Simple to Past SImple
F He said.”I study Nursing”. He said that he studied Nursing.
The head nurse said,”We work so The head nurse said that they worked
O hard”. so hard
Present continous to past continuos
R She said,” I’m waiting for the
medicine”.
She said that she was waiting for her
medicine.
M Jimmy said,”They are studying
Biology”.
Jimmy said that they are were
studying Biology.

U Present Perfect to Past Perfect

Debora said,”I have completed the
L morning shift”.
She said,”I have met the doctor”.
A Present Perfect Continuous to Past Perfect Continous
They said,”We have been waiting in
the line for 3 hours”.
She said,”I have been working in the
hospital”
Debora said that she had completed
the morning shift.
She said that she had met the doctor.
They said that they had been waiting
in the line for 3 hours.
She said that she had been working in
the hospital
 Direct speech Indirect speech

Past Simple to Past Perfect

F He said,” I bought a new book”. He said that he had bought a new book.

O They said,”We went for a walk”. They said that they had gone for a walk.

Past Continuous to Past Perfect Continuous

R The patient said,”I were travelling to China last The patient said that she had been travelling to

M
week”. China last week.
She said,”I was not taking any medicine yet”. She said that she had not been taking any
medicine yet.
U Past Perfect(Tidak berubah)

L He said,” I had taken a covid-19 test”.

They said,”we had not received the test result”.

He said that he had taken a covid-19 test.

They said that they had not received the test result.
A Future simple Tense(will) to Would

Gary said,” I will go to the nursing station”. Gary said that he would go to the nursing station

She said,”I will start a social distancing” She said that she would start a social distancing.
F Direct speech Indirect speech
Future Continuous Tense(will be) to would be

O Jenny said,”I will be staying at home

for 2 weeks”.
Jenny said that she would be staying
at home for 2 weeks

R Tomi said,”I will be waiting for you at

home”.
Tom said that he would be waiting for
me at home.

M Future Perfect Tense(Will Have) to Would Have

Mom said,”I will have cleaned the Mom said that she would have

U house”. cleaned the house.

Fifi said,”I will have called the hotline”. Fifi said that she would have called

L the hotline.

A
EXERCISE
1. Direct speech : She said,”I will go to the hospital”.
Indirect speech : a. She said that she would go to the hospital.
b. She said that “I will go to the hospital”.

2. Direct speech : Ray said,”I have completed the series”.

Indirect speech : a. Ray said that, he had completed the series.
b. Ray said that he had completed the series.

3. Direct speech : He said,”I work from 7a.m to 2 p.m ”.

Indirect speech : a. He said that”he woked from 7a.m to 2 p.m”.
b. He said that he worked from 7a.m to 2 p.m.
EXERCISE
4. Direct speech : They said,”we have been working in the
hospital for 4 years”.
Indirect speech : a. They said they had been working in the
hospital for 4 years
b. They said “they had been working in the
hospital for 4 years”.
5. Direct speech : The patient said,”We were travelling to China”.
Indirect speech : a. The patient said they had been travelling to
China.
b. The patient said, they have been travelling
to China