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  • Effective Ways of Studying Before Exams: Early Antecedents

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    Early forms of psychological assessment began as early as 2200 BCE in China with civil service exams and proficiency testing. Formalized test batteries emerged in ancient China and continued to develop through the Song Dynasty in 960-1279 CE. In the 19th century, Charles Darwin's work on evolution and individual differences influenced the development of mental testing. Key figures like William Wundt, Emil Kraepelin, and others began early experimentation with techniques like word association tests. Standardized intelligence and achievement tests emerged in the early 20th century from the work of figures like Alfred Binet, Robert Woodworth, and David Wechsler.

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    Historical Timeline

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    Psych Assesment

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    Early forms of psychological assessment began as early as 2200 BCE in China with civil service exams and proficiency testing. Formalized test batteries emerged in ancient China and continued to develop through the Song Dynasty in 960-1279 CE. In the 19th century, Charles Darwin's work on evolution and individual differences influenced the development of mental testing. Key figures like William Wundt, Emil Kraepelin, and others began early experimentation with techniques like word association tests. Standardized intelligence and achievement tests emerged in the early 20th century from the work of figures like Alfred Binet, Robert Woodworth, and David Wechsler.

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    7 views1 page

    Effective Ways of Studying Before Exams: Early Antecedents

    Uploaded by

    Inah
    Early forms of psychological assessment began as early as 2200 BCE in China with civil service exams and proficiency testing. Formalized test batteries emerged in ancient China and continued to develop through the Song Dynasty in 960-1279 CE. In the 19th century, Charles Darwin's work on evolution and individual differences influenced the development of mental testing. Key figures like William Wundt, Emil Kraepelin, and others began early experimentation with techniques like word association tests. Standardized intelligence and achievement tests emerged in the early 20th century from the work of figures like Alfred Binet, Robert Woodworth, and David Wechsler.

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    of 1

    HISTORICAL

    E F FTIMELINE
    ECTIVE W OFAYS
    OF STUDYING
    PSYCHOLOGICAL
    BE F O R E
    ASSESSMENTE X A M S

    EARLY ANTECEDENTS
    2200 BCE -Proficiency Testing begins in
    China // civil service training program

    206- 220 BCE- Test Batteries // Han


    Dynasty and developed in Ming Dynasty
    1368-1644 CE

    960- 1279 CE- Test of values/ classical


    literature // Song Dynasty

    500 AD- They based on theology // Middle


    Ages as opposed to science

    1832- Adapted the Chinese training


    program // Western Culture

    CHARLES DARWIN AND


    DIFFERENCES
    1859- On the Origin of Species (Charles
    Darwin) // argued the change of variation
    of species would be to adaptivity and
    survival value

    1869- Heredity and individual differences


    // Francis Galton

    Developed the product-moment


    correlation technique // Karl Pearson
    Coined the term "mental test"
    EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
    & PSYCHOSOCIAL
    MEASUREMENT

    William Wudnt- viewed individual


    differences as a frustrating source of error
    in experimentation

    Seguin Form Board Test- Measures


    intelligence, speed, and accuracy (eye-
    hand coordination)

    Emil Kraepelin- early experimenter with


    the word association technique as a
    formal test

    EVOLUTION OF
    INTELLIGENCE AND
    STANDARDISED
    ACHIEVEMENT TESTS
    Albert Binet & Victor Henri- A published
    measurement of abilities such as memory
    and social comprehension
    - Group intelligence test (World War I
    recruits: Alpha & Beta Army)

    David Wechsler- A test to measure adult


    intelligence

    Robert S. Woodworth- developed a


    measure of adjustment and emotional
    stability

    Hermann Rorschach- Developed a


    projective test

    References:
    Cohen, R. J., & Swerdlik, M. E. (2017). Psychological testing and assessment (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

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