History of Philippine Architecture Types

History of
Architecture 4
Philippine Architecture
TYPES OF FILIPINO HOUSES
• MANGYAN
o island of Mindoro
osettlements are usually composed of five to twelve houses
with single families, on slopes near mountain streams
• MANGYAN
Plan
ocommunal house is elevated from the ground at 1.50 meters to the
surrounding platform
oone-room structure measures 6.00 x 10.00 and is rectangular in plan
opalaganan - passageway At the central part of the house leading from
the main door
ovisitors may sleep along the palaganan but most of the time this is
used as an extra storage space for the families
• MANGYAN
Plan
owhen built on a slope, the entrance faces the
rise
othe steep roof is of cogon grass, the sidings, of
tree bark
othe floor, of logs and saplings
othe house have no windows, it has a narrow
strip of opening between roof and wall
• TAGBANUA
o mainly found in the central and northern Palawan
ocoastal and near-coastal plains and valleys
• TAGBANUA
▪ Mindanao and Sulu Archipelago
• MARANAO
o “people of the lake”
o largest Islamic ethnolinguistic group
o pangampong - four settlement principalities
o settlements of 3-30 multifamily dwellings
• MARANAO
- three types of houses
o lawig – small house; vary in size, raised above ground on stilts with lean-
to roofing and an outdoor cooking area
o mala-a-walai - large house; single-room and without partitions; rests on
9-12 bamboo/wooden poles
o torogan - ornately decorated ancestral residence of the Datu and his
extended family
• MARANAO
torogan - ornately decorated ancestral
residence of the Datu and his extended
family
o has more posts
o most noticeable part is the panolong – a
wing-like house beam with a pako
rabong (fern) or naga (serpent) motif
and usually polychromed in bright hues Carving of Torogan house of Maranaw Philippines
(photo by Liane777 via Wikipedia CC)
• MARANAO
o interior is a cavernous hall, with no permanent
wall partitions
o has a high and steep roof
o ceiling – cloth suspended from the rafters (to
absorb heat from the roof)
o the walls have ornate okir designs
o tapaan - found at the kitchen, made of plaited bamboo

use for smoking fish and meat
o kodal or the carabao corral – found underneath the
kitchen
o gibon or paga - rooms not exposed to visitors; rooms http://www.traveltrilogy.com/2019/08/torogan-
for the Datu’s daughter traditional-maranao-royal-house.html
o lamin – tower-like structures serving as a dormitory

and hideaway for the sultan’s daughter and her ladies-
in-waiting
o panggao – Datu's ceremonial bed
• TAUSUG
o “people of the current”, Sulu
o second largest group of Muslim
Filipinos
o communities located both inland (tau
gimba) and shoreline (tau higad)
www.officialgazette.gov.ph
• TAUSUG
o one-room structure
o 1.8-2.5 meters high on stilts
o pitched roof – gabled, hipped or pyramidal
o wood, bamboo and thatch
o may have open-deck, porch and a kitchen
connected to the main structure
• TAUSUG
o traditional Tausug house or the bay sinug
is a single-room partitionless structure
o it has nine poles – three rows of three,
representing the human anatomy
o posts are made of heavy timber or
bamboo
o except for the center post, all posts rise
up to the roof
• TAUSUG
o sleeping area or the bilik is the only room in the house proper and is supported by 9
posts while the porch and the kusina are supported by separate posts
o wooden floor beams or hanglad attached to the posts together with other smaller
beams support the floor joists
o beams and girders are joined together either by joints or by tying both members with
hijuk vines or lagtang and haun vines
o walls are made of split bamboo or woven coconut palms wall does not reach up to the
roof
o an opening of about 0.45 meters is provided for ventilation
• YAKAN
o mountainous interior of Basilan island
o houses are individually owned by one family
o Yakan house – lumah – a rectangular, ridged-roof,
single room,pile structure of varying sizes, elevated
from the ground
o 50-100 square meters floor area
o steep pitched roof (sapiaw) is concave; made of
thatched cogon or nipa
• YAKAN
o pugaan – bamboo floor slates
o walls – either horizontally positioned wooden planks
or sawali (plaited bamboo or reeds)
o the lumah has three parts:

o the kokan or tindakan – main house/sleeping
area
o the kosina – kitchen
o the pantan or simpey - porch
• YAKAN
o harren – a retractable bamboo/timber ladder –
serves as access to the main house – to the
sampey/pantan (porch) then to the gawang (main
door)
• SAMAL
o coastal waters of Jolo
Plan
o consisting of one or more small rooms and a kitchen are built partially
above the ground and water on wooden posts
Structural
o stilts are usually made of bamboo poles while walls are made of wooden
boards or sawali
o roof thatching is held securely by placing flattened bamboo spaced far
apart over it
• BADJAO
o Islands of Tawi-Tawi
o traditionally, use boats as their houses
o settlements are protected from the open sea by reefs in close proximity
o two kinds of boats – the dapang or vinta; and the palaw
o dapang/vinta – used for short fishing trips
o palaw – may be the permanent dwelling place or a temporary lodging
during fishing trips
• BADJAO
A Sama lepa houseboat from the Philippines

(c. 1905) - wikipedia
SOURCE: Arkitekturang Filipino by Gerard Lico

History of Philippine Architecture Types

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o tapaan - found at the kitchen, made of plaited bamboo

o lamin – tower-like structures serving as a dormitory

o the lumah has three parts:

A Sama lepa houseboat from the Philippines

SOURCE: Arkitekturang Filipino by Gerard Lico

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