Khulna University of Engineering & Technology

Sessional Report
Course No: 2214

Experiment No: 04

Name of the Experiment: Study on CCI sizing machine

Remarks:

Submitted to: Submitted By:

Md. Abdul Alim Naimul Hasan
Lecturer Roll:1621060
Department of Textile Engineering Group: “B”
KUET Department of Textile Engineering
KUET
Date of Performance: 06.11.2018
Date of Submission: 27.11.20018
 Experiment No.04
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1.0 Introduction:
Sizing or size is any one of numerous substances that is applied to, or
incorporated into, other materials especially papers and textiles to act as a
protective filler or glaze. Sizing is used in papermaking and textile
manufacturing to change the absorption and wear characteristics of those
materials. This is the most important operation to attain maximum weaving
efficiency specially for blended and filament yarns .Different types of sizing
are used like Starch , Modified starch, polyester polyacrylates, polyvinyl
alcohol ,polyvinyl acetate, CMC etc. The main purpose of sizing to remove
hairiness from yarn surface and to make smooth and good quality yarn.

Starch is used to stiffen fabrics such as shirt collars and cuffs, while sizing is
used to add body, “crispness” and “hand” to garments. Starch is vegetable-
based (it’s formulated from wheat, corn or rice), while sizing is a resinous
solution that can be either vegetable- or plastic-based.

Because starch doesn’t satisfactorily adhere to thermoplastic fibers such as

polyester, manufacturers often blend a plastic-based sizing agent and vegetable-
based starch to impart stiffness to the synthetic fibers. Starch and sizing alike
can be added during the wetcleaning or drycleaning process, or they can be
sprayed onto garments during the finishing process.

2.0 Objectives:
The objectives from this experiment are given below:

o To know about sizing machine

o To know how to size the yarn by sizing machine
o To know the different part of this machine
o To learn the function of these parts
o To know the schematic diagram
o To gather knowledge about sizing process of a yarn.
o To improve the strength of the yarn
o To know about the drying process of sized yarn
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3.0 Theory:
Weavers have been placing very stringent requirements on the quality of warp
due to higher loom speeds and the need to produce first quality fabrics with an
absolute minimum in defects. If the sizing is defective, the quality of the warp
will be poor, which will affect the weaving operation and consequently the
quality of the fabric. The factors that need to be monitored and controlled on the
slasher are as follows: Size add-on control Viscosity of size formulation. Yarn
speed Size encapsulation, which may be influenced by Size temperature or
viscosity Size level. Amount of solids in the formulation and between different
formulations.Tension in size box.Moisture in yarns.Tension in the leasing
section.Tension in the creel section.

When starch is applied in place of sizing, the garment can become overly stiff,
crease easily and wrinkle before and during wear. Because sizing adds body to
fabric, it makes garments easier to finish, reduces wrinkling during wear, and
keeps pleats and creases sharp.

4.0 Experimental Setup:

Figure 4.1 : CCI sizing machine

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5.0 Flow Chart of Sizing Process:

Size Cooking
↓
Creeling
↓
Yarn Feeding
↓
Sizing (in show box)
↓
Drying
↓
Leasing
↓
Denting
↓
Empty Beam Feeding & M/C Running
↓
Ends Cutting
↓
Doffing
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6.0 Discussion:
This experiment is mainly based on how to do the sizing of a yarn to increase its
strength. The sizing process of a yarn was demonstrated in this experiment. We
also saw the drying process of a sized yarn. During this experiment, we have
learnt much knowledge about the CCI sizing machine. First of all, Size
ingredients are mixed with the help of agitator in mixing tank. Size ingredients
are added in mixing tank & steam supply from steam pipe. After mixing size-
ingredients passed through the valve & then pumped by pump into cooking &
storing tank .And finally the yarn is sized. Sizing is the most important
operation in preparing warp yarn for weaving especially with cotton yarn. The
smallest error in sizing process may be very harmful. This may increase warp
breakage rate on the looms and consequently reduce weaving production and
quality.

7.0 Conclusion:
In this experiment, we have learnt how to size yarn and different parts of sizing
machine. As a textile engineer, it is very important to know how to size yarn.
When we will work in a textile industry as a textile engineer, it is necessary to
know different types of size ingredients and their function, requirements of
sizing etc. And all this things we learn from this experiment. So this experiment
is very helpful to us.