s PECI FICAT IO I\J FOR ROA D WORK

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J. I. I. T h<.: con t rac l n r s h.i l l r <.: v i e w the.: l o c a t i on of e x i s ti n g 11 J1c.k r g ro 1rn cl
u ti l i l i c s w i t h th e s it e engineer before s ln r l i n g any cx c.:a v:.11i o11 .

J . 1. 2. Blasting w i ll h e per m i tt ed only upon wri 11 c11 a u t h o r i zu ti on by s i t e

<.:n gi ncc r and by c x p c r i c n <.; ed po wdc rma n w i t h p r i o r pc.: r111 i ss i o11 or
t h e tlcpartmc11t co n s u lt wh i ch i s t o the obtain by the h i m se l f' a l h i s
ow11 t.: os t risk and rc ; pc c l i v c l y . /\ I I prc <.; nu Li o n s of' r1 u l hor
i 1i c s
having j uri sd ict i o n s hal l be o bser v ed and i n s ur a n ce cc rt i ri c.: a ti o n
ro r b Ill s ti 11 g sh n II b c s u b mitt c.:cl I o I he s i I e c n g i n cc r prior Io d o
i n g t h e wo rk .

3. 1 . 3. Co n t ra c t or s h a l l co n t ro l the g rad i n g so th a t g ro u nd is p i t ch cd to
prevent Wfllcr f'rom running into t h e excavalion ar eas or d a ma g i n g
the s t ru c t u re . Provides a l l pumping r eq ui r ed kl!eping exc a va t ed
spacc.:s c l cnr o r w at e r du ri ng construction.

3.1.4. In n o case sh a ll /'ill m al cr i nl he p l a c.: cd on muddy or s p on gy

subgraclc.

J , 2. J3lJ L K I:. X CA V A T I ClN

3,2.1 Co mm on earthwork encompasses the c.: u 1 1· 11 g and filling 10 new

s l o pes and g rn d cs HS req u i r ed by t h e d ru wi n gs . f'h c conlraclor
slrnll pe r fo rm c u t n nd rill opc ra ti o11 s w it h s u i ta b l e machinery to
the u ept h s s pcci ri ce!.
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3. 2.2 r c ino v r d from the si t e or d i s r os cd off on s i te as dc i gn r1tcd hy t h·e
sit e en gi ne er.

Ex ce s s c ·ca v a ti o n hcl o v required l evel s s ha l l be ba ck fi ll ed a t the

3.2 c on t r ac to r ' s ex pe n se with L horo u g)l l y tnm pc·d ea rL h. sa n d or gravel
as approved by si t e engineer.
_ Un stabl e so il in critical a re, a shall be removed ::rn d replaced \ ·i t h
3 24
· t ho ro u o h l y tamped g ra ve l , crushed stone or cr u s he d s l ag. fhc
s it e engineer shall det er mi n e the depth of removal ot un s t a bl e
0

soil.

.32. 5 Ground adjacent to all excavations shall be grn dcd to preve nt

\\ ater running in.

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3 . 3. 1 U po n completion of clearing, grubbing and stripping of top soi l.
all areas to receive compacted fill shall be proof rolled to detect
soft areas that may exist. The soft areas tl1u s disclosed that do11·1
harden up after successive passes or the roller shall be undercut
and replaced \\ ith properly compacted materials.

3.3.2 All rill for the embankment shall be constructed or suituble

excavated material or of approved borrow material. Fill shall be
placed in 6 in ch es layer (compacted) by suitable earth wo rk i n g
machinery. Compaction shall be to at least 95% of maximum
de n s it y al optinrnm moisture content as determined by ASTM D
1557 tests. In all areas not accessible to rollers or com pact ors,
l h c fi11 sh a11 be eo rn pa etc d wi th mec hani ca I t em per s.

3.3.3 If the mixture i s too wet, it shall be aerated by m ean s of blade

g rade rs , harrows or other approved equipment until the m oi s t u re
content of the mixture is satisfactory.

3.3.4 If the mixture is too dry, moisture shall be added bv water

d i s tri but i o n truck or other approved equipment until the ;110 i s t u r
l: content of the mixture is satisfactory.

3. .3 5 l hc s ur fa ce l ayc r _s h a ll e finished by blending and rol lni g with 1

s m oo th rol!cr until a uniform s moo t h n ess i s obtained \\ · h i c hm e et
g rad e re q u1 rc m cnt s and is free from wa ves and incqualitic.. The
g ra de t ol e ra nc e sh a ll be ± 0.1 Foul.

J.4 F IN I I! IN G GRA DI 'G

3.4.1 O
Thc c n t ra ct or sh 11 a ccom pI is h uni form I y ·mo o th r:i cl ; g ( f . It
c• ut, .,filled nnd ndJ'accnl l ·
areas . 'f l ·· · 1
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, c, s The degree .of • finish shall be that ordinarily obtainable
·i dc- g r n d cr o pc ra t 1 o ns .• However- no r m a J _ me tho ds s Irn1 .. eb
c- • •

rrolll l)-l - I d · 1
'
ycd wherever necessary to meet t 1c. ra wing or
cm_ P1 0. ..,c·ition requirements, and the finish surface shall be to the
spCCI1 .
rndcs and slopes shown on the draw111gs.

; s ur face s nreas (roadways , parking areas and walks finish grade to the
r T f" .
und erside of the respective sur a cmg or course according to the
b
ase
established finished grades.
:4. · For lawns and planted areas, rough ?radc to 4 inches below the established
3 3
finished grade to accommodate top soil.

For gravel blanket areas, rough grade to 4 inches below the established finish
3.4- 4 grnde.

The contractor shall protect newly graded areas from action of the
3.4.5 clements. Any settlement or washing which occurs prior to
acceptances of the work shall be repaired and grade reestablished
to the required elevations and slopes.

3.5 SHORING AND PUMPING

3.5.1 Excavation shall be shored and braced by members of suitable

sizes and arrangement when necessary to prevent danger to
persons or st ru ct u re , and va ve - i n or erosion. Shoring bracing
and sheeting shall be removed as excavati0ns are back fi11ed in a
manner to prevent ca ve- in . excavations shall be kept free of
water while construction therein is in progress. Contractor shall
furnish all equipment and labor necessary for the removable of
water. Temporary sumps may be required to properly dewater the
exc avat i on. Water removal will be done at Contractor's expense.

3.5.2 All concrete work and piping installation done below original
g rad e shall be done under completely dry conditions.

3.5.3 Barricades and warning lights around all open holes, excavations
and dangerous operations should be reviewed by Site Engineer.

3.6 EXCAVATING FOR FOOTING AND F O UND A T I ON :

3.6.1 Conc_rete may be poured against vertical excavated surfaces

prov ded the m t rial will stand without caving , and
provide that m1111mum reinforcing steel- clearances indicated
on
draw.ing are m_a· rnta·rned. Suitable previsions shall be taken to
pfrcvent ng ravelrng of the top excavated ed c•es . Bottoms of all
oundat1onss I18 11 be so 1·id, cut square and leve::,led on undisturbe' d
cart11 a nd shall be approved by site engineer before foundations
are poured.
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Excnvat1 on t·or formed concrete shall be for sufficient width to
aJJow for Co n ve ni ent construction and removal of form s .
, . ati'on for below grade wells shall be sufficient to allow f'or
Exc a V
1· · tion of water-proofing and drainage s as spec1,·r. ·c<l
.
matc ria
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app 1ca .
and shown on the drawrngs.

If excavations are inadvertently carried below the depth i 1di ca{

3,6.3 ed , Jean concrete extended to the bottom of the excavations and
brought up to plan grade at the contractor's.

3,7 fJLLlNG BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION:

Use only clean, select material removed from excavation for fill
3. 7.1 and backfilling. If quantities are insufficient refer to section
2.1 for fill material requirements.

. 3.7.2 Remove large clods, rock wood and debris of all kinds fro
filling material and areas to be filled.

3.7.3 Compacted backfilling material shall be placed in 6 inch

layers by suitable earthworking machinery. Compactionshall be
continued until the fill depth of the layer is compacted to at
least 95% of maximum density at optimum moisture content
ASTM determined by ASIM D 1557 Tests. Referred to paragraph
4, Testing of this specification . Each Ii ft shall be com pa ct ed,
te s te d, and approved before another lift as added. fn all areas not
accessible to rollers or compactor, The backfilling shall be
compacted with mechanical tampers.

3.7.4 Backfilling about footings and walls shall be placed as the work
progresses. Backfilling against concrete shall not be permitted
until the Site Engineer has inspected and approved the concrete
structure. Walls may require shoring to withstand the impact of
construction equipment.

3.8 TRENCH EXCAVATION AND BACKFILLING:

3.8. 1
Trenches shall be excavated by an approved material to a
depth to permit installation of the pipe or conduit to the lines
and grades shown on the drawings.
3.8.2
Tre c_h excav_ation shall. be kept as narrow as possible but
: I Jently wide. to permit lamping of pipe and placing of
r n g e t,nf rom and bra 1ng if required Generally trench width will
_I2 111ches to 24 i n ch es , greater than theo u t s i de
c 1am.eter ol the p·ipe S1'd e wa II s should be as ve rt i c·1 J •1 s
1
pract 1ca 1. Refer to .s , ·t · 3 5 t· . < <
. e c .• or short11 1g and J)um pin c
re qu1rcm cnts · Mee! 1011
ex
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cavat1on shall b excavation for the remrndcr of the
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e s opccI y manual removal and graded to I
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:U , \ 11 t -.inr. ro. nJ:: jn n1 are1 · nwr \\ hic h con t ract ,r •s 11 1ti n ar c. nuu ·red
• l'I.! • kc1 ! k;m i1 : oil <1r dl.'. hris. A ll tk bri s ;.111d e.xcc." -;m h rn:tl •ri.11.s ;h.:.sU hi:
'n 1 1 n--t"'J ft 1m the it c. unlc- •1 otlia wi.- · dir<.! tcd.
 \/_.......)/;·-: :,

5 0 3 .o U..,c - · only frnm a pron:d quarries, which

-
a· le .,; 1 e Cv n• .:1c1r1, 2nd on l y . pp ro v ed and
-.. li
! 1.- e . a 1eri I s.h 11 ·be ,c ll e tcd at site.
e_!.e 'in ne e:cess :h.... i n 1 e pa id for and if no .t
mon 1 1 - ,•t• m-
l..
- s ha ll become
e3surernen·ts

e;:; rn "'rom ne e.1d of a road as desired

ee on· i n uo us l y · o 1he ther end.

.
T.• ' .
."- .:L
eden har • an to ug h. rec from pa ra ll e
l I e r i n =- and best or any organic
r,; .>::;. n·e m a te ria ls.

e :5.. in width and it length

ua rr ie d. T he e th of ~ t o ne shall
e. h of the metal cour e and
aniculars r ad or any size as

• 1

m 3ase o urs e shall no1 be lesser than the

rse as ose f .. t he road ,·i z.. if the base
· e 9·· thi k the st ne on edge when
eess e ..6·h· . 9-- in depth. Si m i la r l y . a .6.
-ee o n es and shall be

1e by the Engineer and the length

he stone shall be l ess than 4-1 /2''

6.5 . !e 2. shcH ro.·en ou of hard tough and dense good quality

he . ua rr i es in Hub A.re-as which must be
a. o\·e .::,,i nee r in a va nc e. In rder t o resist success
fol :-· •,e2 · · g a' r sio n. and frac ure · ue io stresses brought on
, ' y . a ffi c. 2 roa• metal sh.di e d u rabl e. hard oug h. In addition it
0

s'..aH possess oo· ce ent.!tion po-i.\·e r o that it may reiain a we ll

Joc ed s r a e u · e r e re ea ed -hoc ·s of traffic. The suitable
size o- ... so e me al i ~ 1- l t:?." o . .:.·· . i. e . t h e metal shall pass wh
olly
i ro u_ h a scree 0 ·1 - square mesh and shall be wholly retained on
a scree o,.. - L' _,.. square mes h. The m e su rc rne m of t he meshes
as describe· a ove :;ha ll be - CL EA R.. ex ludin the thickness of
. . the mesh wire. The sc re en shaH be hdd at an an Ql e of 60 deQrees to
·.:· ;\ · _ .- the ho r izo n al ,i.·hile screening · he road metal. - -
·, (,
.. • ;. :. . ,.:! - ,· -

:: ;'ft mu t be screened and clear rom ,rnv dus . c:av or crushed Jess than
::..• ...
·· an i nc h. T h e road me al shail be t es te·d from rhc approved L a bo
. ra· o r ies and 1he ost ,, o u l d be paid by the Contractor
1 ,
1 ' ' .1
::;
: :·
., · •.·

_: .J ;f :: /(- {..l -.
Scanned with Camscanner
..
·':
.· ·d · ,,u rpos cs sh ·111 bc
. Hi ur:wel for hardcring and b

toorutnqua'.'
r,tH)d
- .
rr:c of ve£rctnblc
111 111g t

matter and rubbish. I hts

· h· II 11ass
1· . 1 ts"
, ,

shall
• •

full throuuh :i 3/4 me s h screen.

.' '

l! O i <Hbindinl! qua t l ) . • - I
·m0orum
1 , .1 • • ,J · h · 11 he scr •cncc\ \\ ith a I/ 4 mes l screen
1. lL.: anu gr,1, c s ,1 "IJI' 111 1 •
d "'h nt n. ,
• • •
• retained thereon will be
c;
sui table J oi f le
'. t
, c r is
.an
t J • . <l · , .I. •.,. m ' I1 I /4 ,,
11
· tcrst1ccs unng n wet rollrng and whatever passest . o u g
,n.. 1 . .
. ,, r.:: , • • t11al
1 • ·I · T
will be u t i l i z e d for brnding polls ung.
and
me::.11 scrcr.::11
• I . ti ods of mc·1surcmcnt s for all materials shall vest
SckctH) l n'.H m_c_1 Cl.1·1rrr•" ,,1'1. d tl1·1t h i s decision shall be final and
. 6.7 , -thin hn1!1nel'1-1n- , =- -- ·• • · · .
". 1 . - tlt' •'<JtHr·tctors. \II material rejected as bud and below
b1n1t1ne.on r.::-.. ' ·1· 48
hi · e, s t n n d a r d size end quality shall be removed wit 11n
or a 1· tic ., t·e, of work. If not removed by the cont rac t o r, the
hours rom 1 :.. • I · •
. • c r ia l wilt be rcmo cd by the department at the r_1sk an<.. co t nt
1
•:t c o n t rac tor. The pr e. cncc or inl'crior quality o· l matenal 111 n
. t1nck M n ny undt.!r or o,·c r - · i zcd material sh a l l make the whole
stack liable for re je c t io n .

7.0 hFl ,\ S T OF 1\1 1\TER l A L S

.7 1 Measurement will be made on basis factual work done.

8.0 S PR E A D I N G & CONSOLIDATION OY PO\\'F.R RO O R O L L ER

8.1 Before spreading of the soling the su r fa ce o r the e m ba nkm e n t shall

be brought: to camber as spec i fied by the Engineer.

8. 1 .1 C Al\ 1B ER
By camber 1 s mant t h e curve of the su r fa c e or th e cross-
sec ti on of the m e t a l l e d portion of a straight: bit of road and
the am o unt of camber is the difference in level between the
su r fa c e at crown o r centre of the road and i t s edge. The
amount of camber to be gi ve n in a road is dependent upon
the nature of the finished road s u r fa ce . If the surface is to be
left as for water bound Mncadnm road. the difference in level
between the crown and the metal edg · s h a l l be I / 6 0 t h of the
with of the metalling. In cas e of a black topped surface the
camber shall be in 48 and for cement concrete roads it: sh a l l .
be l in 120.

The camber of the section will be su c h that: the middle third

will approximate to t he area of a circle \V h i l e the outer third
on each side will have constant full tangential to the area. To
ach ie ve t h i s shape it is necessary to- provide wooden
t em pl a te s . For width of the road to 5 ft. there shall be
a light but rigid and strong wooden temple: - which will have
fixed spirit level or plumb arran ge me n t for proper alignment
arc shall be three such temples for use with each roller on

Scanned with
I, -

L.·

Scanned with
 ..',

the work in roads o f grcntcr width than 15 rt s u c h for lwo

;,i

or more traffic 1anc mo re temp] c of hn If width· s h a l I be UH c d.

8.2 After the base i s pro pe r l y cambered arid s u pe r e le va te d . su b

grade shall be laid in accordance with the p ro v is i o ns nf !h<.:
drawing rind estimate and true to camhcr and su pe r
elevation. Il shall be spread and ha nd••-p ack c d to the rcquir1.:d
depth which shall give after consolidation the req u i s i te
thickness of the base course. The consolidation shall be done
by a 8 to 10 ton power road roller.

The soling or base course shall not be laid in two layers. The
soling shall be laid at least 6" more on either sides than
proposed width of metalling. The consolidation shall be done
as specified hereinafter for metalling except for "Polishing".

8.3 During the soling is being consol i dat ed , a layer of moorum

l " thick shall be laid over it and first dry rolled and then
thoroughly wetted and rolled. Small-chippings shal I he added
on the soling surface, such time that no more stone chips arc
taken by the Base Course and all 'voids as for as possible are
fi I led up.

8.4 METALLING

8.4.1. The metal shall be spread true to longitudinal and

cross section and the unconsolidated surface shall be
even without any corrugation. The metal layer shall
not be spread unless the sub-grade consolidation has
been duly approved by the Engineer. The second layer
of the metal shall not be spread unless the dry rolling
of the first layer, including the rectification of all
defects has been approved by the engineer. During the
spreading operation of metal a trained gang shall be
employed to hand-pack the spread metal according to
the tern pl ates and a 60ft. or stout string sha11 be
provided to check the correctness of required camber,
cross fail and longitudinal levels.

,. '
"·
.'.'
.
'
.
I
.
r .:
. ,.

11 • 1 J.LlU:&,1 II , shn11 h · done by Power Ro1 kr or any Ro II as spcci fic<l

1 1 1 n· · k o n sh ·ii I Inv c
1\
· ti • 1: l· · ·• · u se
on · ,
1))' i 11 cl · r - i1H : h nr g e .· 1 he roller wo1 '
11
111
i
ic · · · 1
1 1 l l ' ( l •1 · 1•1 ' ! tl1c driver must open and close
1
.,I
' I ,t .f-- 11 I·
. the. thH)ll I 1·1 Jl y·
,1II., gs
ti r,b
The roller shall not be stood 111 • the s<1111c
L' c • go
•H 1 111 . 11· ..,1 •
r·\ \\ ,
• ·l l l "' ' ' . • • • . . ·
1 o rc t lla 011cc. The prcvcnt1011 ol 1111llnl bumps 111 10 111 1s
111
1
tm n s t importt111cc nnd it can be achieved only by observrng
1 1
the inslructions us above.

t). 2 D10 · RO Id.,Jl:El

Th1..· rolling shnll sl:HI first: along one edge of the rolling or metal
:is th1..' cnsc 111ny he und proceed alternately r om t:vo edge to the
cenlt'I' .. or the rond so as I() prevent the degrndat1011 ol the camber.
l)2., 1 Rn11 i n g s h n11 h c do n c i n I c 11 gt h not I cs s th a.n 30 0..ft w hi:h
spreading. nnd hu11d-packing or the material, ,s. going on 111 nc:--
t '.H) 0 l't. ahead. When the length under rolling has been
rolled for sufficient number of' times, it shall be inspected
and d1cckcd and by means or the templntes and u 60 ft.
s tri ng !'or finding out trueness of the camber and the
existence of any undulation requiring rectifications. For
rectification at such defective areas shall be thoroughly
loosened pieces of metal added c removed so as to achieve
the dcsi red I e ve! , for t'u rt her ro i Ii ng.

9.2.2 All pieces of metal and stones which crumble or disclose

weakness during the dry rolling shall be carefully picked out
and repI ace by hand with sound pieces or the same size. Dry
rolling shall proceed until no more: rectification appears
necessary. The second layer then shall be laid and dry rolled
as described in first layer.

9.3 WET ROLLING

On completion of the dry the mechanical interlocking of the metal
shall be complete but to make sure of this, waler should not be
spri nklcd pro fu sci y over the metal which sho u Id then be ro I led
starting again from the edges and working tuwarcls the crown, until
there is no further creep or wave in the metal in front of the
advancing rolkr.

9.4 C OU RS E 8 1.I N D A GE
After the wet rolling has progressed a while and creeping formation
of waves in the surface arc no longer apparent, a limited quantity
of 1/4" of 3/4" coarse Blindage shall be spread even on the surface
and swept by soft brooms. One cubic foot or such blindauc should
be sufficient for every 100 sq ft. of the surface. Now agai1; the road
 '.'-\\ t'f t, cc .··h;'!il hi· ...,..,, trt '•(\ a t1d kr pt , ,.rn UntHW , •,1,. h h L d k r 0:1( ,,..h, g
. hn \'.l ·..

. :.,, 1 I\ .,;11 ,,\ { , t '! J! }t i, \U i,_,l_

,-'.l! •. .

i }n ri:q uir ci qu nu1i·1) of C-f i.\1s • bii n d h r. m..,tl d;1i ha . i nn h-:-, n

hHn, n i:- J in o 1 h 1 Nl y 1f the 1., e t ll i11.r n HJ \ ·h t: n tH m H or it
G{H t,· "' ..n: t·( t'Tl n nd H-ct h y '-'It t.h 1l1:! .J{n-. n i,·, t h \I. tit e r iln 1:, fl i n,; · he
fu 1.1111tHu ; , 1 1 t n ...l, ci t\ · • , •l g:H g ' , iH h e f fa i u.d l y ' ' :H er ·'1-
''
M1U w ll in ..;, :·hull 1 c · mHi n u d till the ·u r, L · e pre:- n t 'i .a n uni..m ' 1i1
·1. 1 f , i rl ,· m ot t 1e-. ·tu re , n<l i · i\}L hed .

)1 ci I h:1i, r \f t he p ·1] i ·} i n . the rl: . J s ha ll h a!t \ ' !.! l t • Jr u11

ud dr; o u . Tl is us ual\ 1a k cs :! 1, .. b.ys , n in he me iu t im ·
J t r f fi l." r any .-; o.t L- i he . 11 ,Hv._· 1 tn · r the ne t, l y H fl f h:r·•d
: n h,n.

' "'t Ft.., ( \ A •..: n H r "' -.:

t 1 omp l ·ti r1 1if ih 11\ 1 1 Hi n 1 wh r • v ·r r r q ui r t "anh, · :i rk h
.J .......... - ·- - ...

l.H·. lo 1..: in hi: 0 1rnk tr I rin it ti p 10 t he rcquir I h · i g h t mJ

, lore: . J t .stt .ih hl k , d ;,. · · t i n n I I° lh t.• fllild t h i. .t! 1nh,n f -;hal t h
done i n :-\I ·h . J w ,, y t hal 1h • :-. id · :d ti pc" nf t li1: : 1r at ,·ha ll he I i u
. O. W he re .ht .., l. th,1 b l: , f ti rl :-. t c \.' p gr:11._l k 11 L th e -.i dc " l n1 • (t f
hcr m, . 11:11 ,; i. HJ hs' in t · n : ·d ·,.· r quired oy t h · En g i ne ·r -i n
Ch,1q : . 1 h · . \ p , \ f a h · 1:rn h.: >n ·urv . :- h a ll b t h r.: · irnt \.' ]:
1

:-,Upcr ·l \ , · m 1:11 t' I , The i r m ·II, n the nt ' l td k d s ur ': c •

·;h:11l • , ·ii t3f1UUC' t rn \ · i hh i H k a. l _ . 1 f _ 1 1 ... ft . in l. uJ ·r n
J'f H ' rl v, h d ., ,._ f p!l :-.i n.• H: rn .·i nki n g un lul in( l lht" lh,•\\
c rt ·t h \q t . lh : id \.' . h..11w·-., \he fo r m Hit n s h t uld 1l su h · dr , · i
fi nd : , pr('. ttH · 11 rn' ""°' tH\ l .:riru i nu H r :- ed ges t 1 t h e fornrn ti o n
itf t h ii'.'tH ( t · t S J t°tifi • wi hi .
1.1· Th r I; i · - 1,ph •.u ion l r e 1ch la e r f th t l11n 1 . ch:<l :-. h;d J h.,··
,HH h k · lh· tl i w: u the: m'1 xi m um dr1 d · n: i t y d, ·r m i n c<l
• •!,.': o , u, , 1 A A H ro ·1 Hi,. i.•th u I c nw \l i fi • 1, ... A .. H t O ) ·1 ht.•
t,i . J th H 4 I l br dc1. lU I JH.' U ii. Md i n l!, I I \ A: l lT ( l · (n i. l'
Ifh"·r • tfl! t-1.-1 \ t J 1 t'li u . 1 o r ;Il l ma1c,ri ll ,;, h e; fkl<l \£ · n:-1 q y llrn .
ti hfa tt 1.:1 l " t.:i H ,i: u j,,1 · J !11 ic: 1tml f r ,o · · r -.i,,. p:u ud - .
( t cl :l m t'J fn \iJ ) m •';,J i;•.·r- J · 1 :1 iJ i r\! .;,J b) t h • En i;i nc ·r . t \ 1 n!> u h ¢ nr.

t} ,' , rn • c . l n ' J J " l ..," , h' -

t ,,ill hi: l .,i, {l m .t <l 1h 11
·"l! "ilrn l , ,l '"' r r f d I. t d i ;1d , 1- 1 Y, 1 tt' m 1 ,d. ht· · hr ·
t . .
. ¢ 1, l ,L d \ 1n h fH ( • 3'1.t t ) · iu rt li b ti n f' \f ili r ·•(
0

l!0 1L' .-;-i ;;S

.:.. ti .,,It ?l:.- ;, p r_:,i t,c t ml:i:h :rn i ·;:1 J mc:rn" ( P< ,, ,n fl , , , H, , l k t ,, '. ' i
i w, · ··,, v, ""1> l (: 1m;, I •
1 t' ,H d i {'{' I '"' J hJ t lh· l· n : 111-i; t , : • M t h j 'L

! .

;,; .
>- •\ '. '. r, : ,.• L L ,_.·

·_t'
.
,.'\•
/-,, '

. -. ) _ . ,; ;

Scann ed with
[J l .JS::d ..•,,:·'•··

Scann ed with
 :.·.r· R F \ 'E DRESSING
10,0

. : -1 GENERAL
l- ·
·
The cost application can be made in two different ways eithe - as
'·medium'' type using 40 lb. of bitumen per l 00 sq. ft. for the first
cont and 25 lb. of bitumen per I 00 sq. ft. for the second coat. or as
"heavy" type using 25 lb. per l 00 sq. ft. for the first coat and 45 _to
50 lb. per 100 sq. ft. for the second coat. The latter. method 1s.
However recommenced for all two cont work because 111 twocoat
surface dressing there is an excdlcnt opportunity of very
appreciably strengthening the road surface by increasing the
quantity o f st on c in it. Th c re a re t \\ o I ayer::, of bi tum en and each
layer requires to be blinded ,,ith stone. Large size chippings and
bitumen for blinding the first layer and this will be firmly
"grouted·· in posit ion by the second application of bi lumen. Thus
v ry strong type of road surface can be lay nearly approaching a semi-
grout. ln this method the second coat must be applied immed
iatcly after the first othen ise the b I ind age in the fi rsc coat will
be',, hipped off' by the traffic.

10.l.2 PREPA R A TI ON ROAD SURFACE:

The water bound road shall be rendered free from all dust and pot
holes or other defects and shal1 have camber of I in 48. The
surface shall be swept clean and free from dirt or other deleterious
matter by hand brushing with brushes. brass brooms and finally by
dusting with gunny bags.

10.l.3 BITUi\lEN
Bitumen shal 1 be of 80/100 penetrations or any cypc or grade of
bitumen as speci ficd by the Engineer-in-charge.

10.1.4 tvltNERAL AGGREGATE (CHIPPING)

Mineral aggregate shall be broken stone chippings preferably lime
stone, granite or any igneous stone. The chippings shall. consist of
clean. hard tough durable material. of u n i t. Qua!i ty throughout.
free from soil or disintegrated stone or other objectionable matter
and shall" contain no dust. The chippings shall be 1/2.. standard
size (i.e., passing through 3/4.. Sq. mesh and retained on
3 /8 '' Sq. mesh) for first coat and 1 /4'' standard size (i.e. passing
3/ 8'' mesh and retained on 1/10 sq. mesh) for second coat.

Application of first coat of Bitumen the bitumen shall be heated in

a proper heating plant to a temperature of not less than 350°F and
not more than 375°F and shall he applied on the road at not less
than 350°F or as specified b) the Engineer-in-charge.
The first coat: charge of bitumen shall be applied to the surface by
means of a pressure sprayer at a rate of 25 lb. per I 00 sq.ft.

.:•· ...
_i
J
· ., -' •

ii};} ; ;
I '1

Scann ed with
 , r in, the. b i t um e n s ha ll he op e r a t e d i n.
"fhc s pr a ye r us e d for a p p ly g
,r , ,w il J e ns u re an even and unJ orm ·
·f · d is t ri.b u t io n of the ·
5 u c h a "'ay as d ·. t· .. ,. E·: .c...,c s s i vc · deposits of b1tu m c n on the
. en on the roa s ur ,.,. ,, the sprayer or d' . utor or
b 1tum . ., t - 1s tn
ace , ·b
d
·a us c<l by sto pp rn '' an s ar 1 10 b
roa Jc h. .ld .t be· a l low e d Sprayer
& shall in aJlc as es case e
by leakage s ou no c ·
carried out para!lei to the centre line of the road.

EF I NING B IT U M Ef ' S URFA

D
C.E d f. d b
f wire binder tw. ine or
The edges of the bitumen sur ace e ne .
other cord line s t re tc h ed and pegged mp o s 1tion.

SP RE /\ D I N G OF C H l PP I N GS :
10J ,7 Immediately following the application of the bitumen, t_one
chippings to the above spe c i fi cat io n , in a perfect dr y cond1t1on.
Shall be uniformly and evenly spread at the rate of ft. per 100 sq.
ft. or at such rate as specified by the Engineer-in-charge over the
wholes u r fa ce, which has been sprayed. Precaution shall he take so
that the whole of the bitumen surface is covered with a uniform
layer chipping without any accumulation of surplus chippings at
any point. Hand brooming or light drag brooming shall. Follov. the
application of the chippings prior to rolling.

10.1.8 Rolling immediately following the application of the stone

chippings and the completion of light brooming the whole area
-
shall he rolled with a roller. Rollin2 must be done carefullv so as
not to crush the stone. The roller must be accompanied by two or
three laborers with a basket: full of c hi ppings to fill an) surface
voids.

I 0.1.9
Preparation of surface for second coat application. The second coat
should he applied immediately after the first coat. The consolidated
surface should he examined and any excess chippings removed b,;;
hand. Depressions should be made up by the addition of mor
chippings.
10.i.IO
 ..--'

nvt..LJ D .
1: i n : d rolllnr dwuJd h ·n rfi ·, j ( tt l/ dth a R I (>- f O rnnr I iiwc · ro lJ,.;r,
• ; 1 , ol' ·fo t ion ,,.-Ill h1.• ·om r,ft: t ,1.hi:n th B i w mcl I w· nh: nrbt:d a
,r111-h 1.. thr bHndap-c J!, po ,. ihlc. Aft<:r n10ina t h<:. fH· d m,tj he
l hr o\•.'n nr n i 1rn ffi ' ;rnd t " -n or t hr ee -.1;e1.:k:; f:!l cr.. t o o c Mrn Ji11c
0 11 t h . !-iurfr c • n,uy b.c r mon..., I. lf ;11 :.. n y :,u h c q u cn t d..t · tli ere 'lf{"
aC1Y , pn:, c f rht: r . ad hi •cdin •. ·on r_ ,: s a n t $ho u l d h e t1r, c t.1 1 ) <.t ,. t it
till t l ,·llif1q \ p ..

1 h Mpct sh ,11 co n: i. t l1f ha c ' . ur;'\t;' ;!lit! ,' ,,t c-o · L

'J h t !l etd coul sJrn lf be ro- o;it 1,; c h iJ ping scur c i. 1.:. Li !ht diiJ
r,i tF a r1_ct l. Th1: base ,1ur • a n : t:n l o, t h:i ll h a · i: f )llo" ' i trn·-

il J Hn sc • ur 1.: 1 .,. t rndnr i i1 c.: . t c n •- - 1 0 ' f l. l p • r I OO a S ft

: :·urnd;ir f si 1. ' : l o ne ·- n.: ft.) l\r nr •·1 .

n, () I )\ •iii • •... .. :.t nd ar d

' 1) ,l lc .!- i i". t.' .' It nc - .J Cf t ) p 'f'
100'! S. r t)r ctr ·a .

rhc l il u m ·n :d11tl l l t! R C / 1 00 pc n c1 rn1 i on .rn 1

r1ppli · 11 i on cc:m pc ra t u r -· :; ha ll 1.H: 3 00° F.

' Th e a •! •re ' :lid sh a l I b me as u red into t nc c u l 1c

f 01 1 l'1xes un I s h·il l be I ·d i n t o mixer 111 : () f f l'- t: t
r po rt io n:;' .

Th-c (Jfh>, ·i r g 111a n t i1k ( f b i t u m •n JI he u . t.·d for

-1
g • r ,;g t c s .

•·• J;1i11 m,.-.• .,l . i ,lJbi.· :\fi •._ nl ltiHm1.1,..11. . J ct·' ibm

tt Y l
fJ )i .
 . ·.;..,:
: .. : •:·
- '·; - i
,j ·• ., ::

_, ' '
'· / '
: :, • ) :- • I • •

•• I
The sub grade of the road surface shoilld have been
-: :.-··· :.,J ay
brushed and swept cleans of all dust and debris and
in g:
be qui le cl ry.

The mix material shall be conveyed by suitable

means to the road surface and shall be racked to the
correct thickness.

·Ro lling: The surface should be rolled with 8 to 10 tons roller

as early as possible and rolling should continue as
long as it is necessary to obtain proper consolidation.
The wheel of the roller should be kept moistened to
prevent the wheel from picking up the coated
material. Rolling should be carried out from the
haunches to the center of road. The final consolidated
thickness shall be the specified thickness. The base
coat and the top coat shall be rolled separately.

PREPARING SURFACE FOR SEAL COAT:-

The surface should be tested by a camber board and straight edge for
depressions which should be well rolled in.

Seal Coat: The seal Coat should be premi cd seal.

Pre-coated: Chippings, Seals Coat: If premixed seal coat should
consist of ¼" standard size stone chippings pre coated
with bitumen 80 / I 00 in exactly the same manner as
the main course. The bitumen required to coat at
chippings 4 Lbs per Cft Of chippings. The mix is
laid at the rate of 6 Cft. / I 00 Sft. in the case of 1 ½"
Asphalt Macadam. This seal coat will work into the
intcrestios of the main course and will provide an
ideal surface.

" DOE STONE

Scanned w ith Cam

 . ' .: '/ ' ,.

· · · approved quarries. Whi ch

II I colle t d -d - d
Y from ·-
The material sI1a_ 1 I
·c c actor and ony ap pr _ n ·.
c
l
be a de available by the contr II be collected at s it e.
rnus
111 1ificd . . · f • I s11a · • ·
O
spec 111
quant1t1cs c ina1,eria . b .• paid for and if no
111
aremoved colle cted one.. . mont
te rai l v-nth111 fjJla JI noteascur eincnts
excess11 sha shall bccoJne
M . .
property of the Owne.r 1 111
. f·orn one end of a. road as
h .
Collection of mat.ena1 s a 11. begin d cont1• 11uous to the other
I y.
1

desired by the Engineer and shall procee

end.
The stones shall be dens e, hard and tough, fre from pa rail el from
parallel fractures, crystals, cleavages, w_eathenng_ and chest or any
organic matter and any other such defective matenals.

The size of the stone shall. be 5 11 X 8" upto 1 O" long obtain from an
3.
approved quarry properly dressed and chiseled and layer and fix in
cement pointing 1 :2 including Juring complete and finished in a
workmanly manner and in accordance with the required standard
and as directed by the Consultant/ Engineer-in-charge.

CONCRETE KERB STONE

1. Concrete Kerb Stone manufactured by Envicrete Company or any

other rnnufacturing company approved by the Society after
approvmg the sample provided by the Society.

2. The Kerb stone (block) should be of size and quality approved by

the Society.

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Scanned w ith Cam