Monday, March 29, 2021 6:52 PM

RESearch
- Solving problems that have no known solution by ANYONE in the world
- Not learning
- Creating new knowledge

Wha research
- It is not a research if you can find a problem-solution in a news, books, etc.
- Anything that can be learned by the definition
- Searching online

Why do people research?

▪ Understand the world
▪ Solve new problems
▪ Improve existing solutions

Why do students do research?

▪ Graduate students need to do research as part of the requirements
▪ "Research" means to invent new knowledge that is NEVER known before
▪ Anything in textbooks is already known. Students learn what is already known and
have no experience creating new knowledge.
▪ To be competitive, skills and methodologies is a must to discover new knowledge, i.e,
doing research

Benefits of doing research

- Learn methodologies to solve real world problems
- Works in teams and make friends
- Improved communication (writing & speaking)
- Develop leadership skills
- Integrate the knowledge from multiple courses
- Improve prospect in employment (or advanced degrees)

LESSON 1 Page 1
Wednesday, September 22, 2021 8:12 PM

CLASSROOM
Learning (AQUIRING), Input
Everything resets every semester
Instructor knows answers
Homework assignments and exams
RESEARCH
Solution (PRODUCING), Output
Continue until solutions are found
Nobody knows the answer
Need to design evaluation metrics

Learning focuses on "INPUT"

Research focuses on "OUTPUT"

The most important difference

▪ Students believe everything is in textbooks or handouts. (Taking notes would be
unnecessary.)
▪ Researchers know the importance of documentation
▪ Document the process if you want to become a researcher
▪ STUDENTS DO NOT DOCUMENT THEIR WORK, RESEARCHERS DO.

Don't enter a research project "TO LEARN"

Enter a research project "TO CONTRIBUTE"

LESSON 1 Page 2
Research I (P.3)
Wednesday, October 13, 2021 7:54 PM

A more specific kind of research

serves a stronger purpose

• Pure Research
- this type of research is primarily concerned with generating new knowledge
and understanding basic properties and processes
- Usually carried out to increase understanding of fundamental principles
- Not intended to yield immediate benefits or application.
- Instead, it can be thought of as arising out of curiosity.
• Applied research
- This type of research is concerned with using knowledge to give immediate
solutions to a problem
- A proposed intervention is a usual contribution of this type of research.
- A methodology used to solved a specific and practical issue affecting an
individual or grouped.
- This scientific method of study and research is used in business, medicine,
and education in order to find solutions that may improve health, solve
scientific problems or develop new technology

• quantitative Research
- Defined as a systematic investigation of phenomena by gathering
quantifiable data and performing statistical, mathematical, or computational
techniques
- Collects information from existing and potential respondents using sampling
methods and sending out surveys, polls or questionnaires
- Results are depicted in numerical form
- Based on collected data, the researcher can suggest or recommend
accordingly at the end of the research process

LESSON 1 Page 3
Research I (P.4)
Thursday, October 14, 2021 9:19 PM

• qualitative Research
- Defined as naturalistic method of inquiry of the research that deals with
the issue of human complexity by exploring it directly
- Puts emphasis on human intricacy and man's ability to decide and to create
his/her experience.
- Also, it gives great value on the analysis of human experience with its
"dynamic, holistic and individualistic" aspects by seeking the perspective of
the individual himself.
- Make use of qualitative materials that are personal and more on narratives.

• descriptive Research
- Aims to define or give a verbal portrayal or picture of a person, thing,
event, group or situation.
- Used to describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon being
studied
- The characteristics used to describe the situation or population are usually
some kind of categorical scheme aka descriptive categories.
• correlational Research
- Shows relationship or connectedness of two factor or circumstances
- Type of non-experimental research method in which a researcher
measures two variables
- The goal is to understand and to assess the statistical relationship
between the variables with no influence from any extraneous variable
and w/o the researcher controlling either of them.
- Aims to find out whether there is a:

when both variables change in the same direction

when the variables change in opposite directions
there is no relationship between the variables

LESSON 1 Page 4
Research I (P.5)
Thursday, October 14, 2021 9:40 PM

• explanatory Research
- It elaborate or explains not just the reasons behind the relationship of two
factors, but also the ways by which such relationship exist.
- The purpose of this research is to explain why certain phenomena occur and
to predict future occurrences
- Explanatory studies are characterized by research hypotheses that specify the
nature and direction of the relationships between or among variable being
studied.
• exploratory Research
- Aims to find out how reasonable or possible it is to conduct a research study
on a certain topic
- The primary objective of this research design is to formulate a problem for a
more precise investigation or of developing the working hypothesis for an
operational perspective
- The main focus in these research projects is on the discovery of ideas and
insights
• action Research
- It studies an ongoing practice of a school, organization, community or
institution for the purpose of obtaining results that will bring improvement in
the system

LESSON 1 Page 5
Research I (P.6)
Thursday, October 21, 2021 8:59 PM

10 qualities of a good researcher

Reads a lot
Effect and cause believer
Systematic
Eager to learn
Always honest
Resourceful
Creative
Humble
Efficient problem solver
Rational

1. Identify the Problem

2. Make a Hypothesis
3. Do the Library Research
4. Design the study
5. Develop the Instruments for Collecting Data
6. Collect the Data
7. Analyze the Data
8. Formulate a Conclusion
9. Make Recommendations for Further Research
10. Communicate the Results

LESSON 1 Page 6
Research I (P.7)
Thursday, October 28, 2021 7:00 PM

Experiment
- An activity undertaken to discover some unknown principle
- Can help confirm or disprove something doubtful or to demonstrate some known
truth
Variable
- Characteristic or factor that has two or more mutually exclusive values or properties
- Sex, age size, color, height, and weight are some examples of variables

• Controlled Variables
• Experimental Variables

Controlled Variables
- Factors that are not changed in an experiment
- they are also called constant variables
- Found in equal quantities or same qualities in both the controlled and experimental set
ups

experimental Variables
- Factor that is changed in an experiment
- Found only in the experimental set up/s
- Also known as manipulated or treatment variable
Controlled variables in the study "testing the effectiveness of different
rat poisons"
- Type of Rat
- Type of Cage
- Amount of Food
- Type of Food
- Size of Cages
- Number of Rats
- Amount of Water

LESSON 1 Page 7
Research I (P.8)
Thursday, October 28, 2021 7:14 PM

Controlled set-up
- Set-up that has only controlled variables

Experimental set-up
- Set-up that has both the controlled and experimental variables

• Dependent Variables
• Independent Variables

Independent Variables
- Factors that causes changes in the results of a study
- It is the presumed "cause"
- One sample is Rat Poison

dependent Variables
- Presumed "effect" of the manipulation of independent variables in an experiment
- Expected result of the interplay of the factors involved in an experiment
- One sample is Death of Rats

LESSON 1 Page 8