Lesson

Primary and Secondary Sources of Information

LAS 001
After completion of this module, you are expected to:
1. develop locational skills in gathering information;
2. classify sources of information; and
3. use locational skills to gather information from primary and secondary
sources. (EN10SS-Iva-1.5)

What I Know

As a Grade 10 learner, one of the competencies you need to master is

understanding the language of research. Meaning, you are about to deal with a
RESEARCH task. In doing so, you are to develop first, your locational skills in order
to gather information. This information will help you in completing your research
paper. To check what you already know about this lesson, do this activity.
Direction: Identify which of the following are firsthand documents and
secondhand ones. Write F for firsthand and S for secondhand.
1. A YouTube video describing how the pyramids were built

2. A radio broadcast from the day the Soviet Union launched Sputnik

3. A cartoon showing how Pocahontas met John Smith

4. A copy of your parents’ Certificate of Marriage

5. An ancient Egyptian mummy you saw at a museum

6. A transcript of Rodrigo Duterte’s first speech as President

7. A newspaper article outlining the effect of the war in Mindanao

8. Pictures taken by your Aunt Norma of the World Trade Center attack

9. An ancient tablet of Babylonian King Hammurabi’s Code of Laws

10. A map of China created during ancient times

11. A website that summarizes ancient Roman mythology

12. An encyclopedia entry on the Vietnam War

13. An original World War I uniform worn by your great grandfather

14. An original photograph from the 1941 attack at Pearl Harbor that you
found in your grandparent’s photo album

15. A chapter in your world history textbook about the Ancient Greek

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 Working with a research task is not a joke at all. As a learner, you need to
locate information from various sources. That is, you are to find materials
which will suffice your needs in working with your research paper.

What’s In

Directions: Determine whether the following are primary or secondary

sources. Circle the letter indicating whether the item is a "P" primary source or "S"
secondary source. For each one, explain your reasoning in COMPLETE SENTENCES.
(P) PRIMARY - (S) SECONDARY

1. The story of your grandfather about his experience during the Korean War. P S
Why: _______________________________________

2. A letter written by a Filipino soldier to his mother about the latest developments
in the Revolutionary War. P S
Why:

3. The Diary of Anne Frank - the published diary of a teenage girl who experiences
the Holocaust. P S
Why: _____________

4. Your World History textbook or an encyclopedia. PS

Why:

5. Your high school diploma. P S

Why:

6. A photograph of you and your friends at your 8 th birthday party. P S

Why:

7. The information from the museum tour guide who shows you around the exhibit
and shares facts with you. P S
Why:

8. A mummy from ancient Egypt. P S

Why:

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9. Give at least 2 more examples of a primary source.

a.

b.

10. Give at least 2 more examples of a secondary source.

a.

b.

What’s New

PICTURE TALK Activity: Using the pictures below, write something about each.

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 ____________________________________
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____________________________________
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 What is It

Your locational skills in gathering information from primary and secondary sources
will guarantee your best research work.

How do Primary and Secondary Sources differ?

Primary sources are original records of the political, economic, artistic, scientific,
social, and intellectual thoughts and achievements of specific historical periods.
Produced by the people who participated in and witnessed the past, primary sources
offer a variety of points of view and perspectives of events, issues, people, and places.
These records can be found anywhere – in a home, a government archive, etc. – the
important thing to remember is they were used or created by someone with firsthand
experience of an event. Letters, diaries, photographs and videos are all primary
sources.
While primary sources are the original records created by firsthand witnesses of an
event, secondary sources are documents, texts, images, and objects about an event
created by someone who is typically the primary sources for their information.
Dictionaries, reviews, handbooks, encyclopedias, directories are excellent examples
of these sources.

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 What’s More

Direction: Identify whether the following sources are primary or secondary.

Write P if it is a primary source and S if otherwise.

_____ 1. A biography of Rodrigo Roa Duterte

_____ 2. A Declaration of Philippine Independence

_____ 3. Information from Wikepedia

_____ 4. An almanac

_____ 5. An autobiography of Ferdinand Edralin Marcos

_____ 6. The Philippine Constitution

_____ 7. A photograph of you when you were 9 years old

_____ 8. A testimony of a World War II veteran

_____ 9. Artifacts from a museum

_____ 10. A manuscript from the school library

_____ 11. Inventions of Filipinos

_____ 12. OPMs of Ryan Cayabcab

_____ 13. A classmate giving a report in your Science Class

_____ 14. A flash news report on COVID - 19

_____ 15. President Duterte’s First State of the Nation Address (SONA)

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 What I Have Learned
Gathering information is an essential part of any research work. In doing this, one
needs to understand the difference between primary and secondary sources of
information.

In this lesson, I understand that:

Primary sources are ________________ .

Best examples of primary sources are ________________________ .

While secondary sources are _______________________ .

____________________ are excellent examples of secondary sources.

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 What I Can Do

Direction: Identify primary and secondary sources that tell the

stories of specific events in the Philippine history.

Historical Event 1: __________________________________________

Primary Sources:
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Secondary Sources:
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Historical Event 2: __________________________________________

Primary Sources:
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Secondary Sources:
_____________________________________________________ _______
____________________________________________________________

Assessment

Direction: Go over the following cards below. Distinguish which ones use primary
sources or secondary sources. Write PS for firsthand sources and SS for
things created using an original source.

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 My friends and I found an old
wedding dress in our house. My
father told us that it belonged to
his mom.
like the articles about my
favorite local artists.
2

I found a letter to one of my

At school we use textbooks to
learn about the history of
the Philippines.
friends in class after school
the other day. I know it’s
private, but I want to read it!
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I am writing an essay on
President Duterte for my
History class. I used articles
I was watching a local news from Wikipedia and
program and one of the reporters encyclopedia as my
said he had heard a good reviews references.
about a new sports movie.
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I like to read People magazine. I really

When I was at a summer vacation

My friend Maria said I should read
at my parents’ hometown in
a book that she really liked. She
Bataan, I found an arrowhead. I
told me about it – it sounds really
learned that it has been made by
good! When Maria talks about the
the early Filipinos that time.
book, what is she?
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When I am doing a homework for

My mom has CDs of my
my
Philosophy class, I read the grandparents telling stories
commentaries by the about when they were kids. We
Supreme Court Justices on love to listen to these at family
landmark cases. What I am gatherings. What are we listening
reading? to?
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References

Primary and Secondary Sources.

https://www.library.unsw.edu.au/study/information-
resources/primaryand-secondary-sources

Primary and Secondary Sources Quiz. https://history.idaho.gov/wp-

content/uploads/2018/09/Primary-and-Secondary-Sources-Quiz.pd

Primary and Secondary Worksheet.

https://www.miamieast.k12.ch.us/cms/lib/OH01001222/Centricity/Domai
n/224/p_or_s_source_ws_key.doc

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph